Integrated enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in radical cystectomy for bladder tumour-A retroprospective study.

Introduction: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a patient-centerd, evidence-based approach to improve postoperative outcomes. The protocol involves multidisciplinary collaboration and standardisation of perioperative interventions. ERAS has shown positive results in reducing hospitalisation and complications.

Transorbital penetrating intracranial injury involving bilateral frontal lobes with evisceration of right eye: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Timely diagnosis, multidisciplinary surgical intervention, and appropriate imaging are crucial in managing transorbital-penetrating intracranial injuries (TOPIs), minimizing morbidity, and optimizing patient outcomes.

Abstract: Transorbital-penetrating intracranial injuries (TOPIs) are rare occurrences with potential for severe neurological complications and high mortality rates. Prompt diagnosis and management are essential to mitigate adverse outcomes.

Effect of fluoroscopy frame rate on radiation exposure and in-hospital outcomes in three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping guided procedures.

Background: Fluoroscopic imaging involves exposure of the patients and the laboratory staff to ionizing radiation. One of the strategies that reduce such exposure in an electrophysiology laboratory is using a three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping (3D EAM) system for performing these procedures. In this analysis, we have analyzed the effect of fluoroscopy frame rate on the radiation exposure and in-hospital outcomes in ablation procedures performed under 3D EAM guidance.

Improved pulmonary function test (PFT) after 1 one year of Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) in unison with pharmacotherapy in mild allergic asthmatics.

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a promising treatment for allergic disease that induces immunological tolerance through the administration of specific allergens. The study of AIT is in its early stage and its clinical effects are not well elucidated. The present study was aimed at determining the effect of AIT on pulmonary function and serum variables of mild allergic asthma patients.

Susceptibility of the Bhopal-methyl isocyanate (MIC)-gas-tragedy survivors and their offspring to COVID-19: What we know, what we don't and what we should?

There is credible evidence that the 1984-Bhopal-methyl isocyanate (MIC)-gas-exposed long-term survivors and their offspring born post-exposure are susceptible to infectious/communicable and non-communicable diseases. Bhopal's COVID-19 fatality rate suggests that the MIC-gas tragedy survivors are at higher risk, owing to a weakened immune system and co-morbidities. This situation emboldened us to ponder over what we know, what we don't, and what we should know about their susceptibility to COVID-19.

Management of Wounds with Exposed Bones or Tendons in Children by Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy: A Prospective Study.

 The management of complex soft tissue defects with exposed bones/tendons is always a challenging task for the surgeon and the problem becomes more pronounced when it comes to the management of these wounds in children. Though flap procedures are considered the standard for managing the complex soft tissue defects with exposed bones/tendons yet small blood vessels for anastomosis, long operative period, increased chances of perioperative thrombosis, and difficult perioperative management in children add to the difficulty in performing flap procedures in children. The vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy has emerged as a novel modality for the management of the difficult wounds with added advantages, especially in children.

Association of promoter methylation of and mutations in non-small cell lung carcinoma in Kashmiri population (India).

Background: Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) incidence and progression is increasing because of genetic and epigenetic changes. The mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma () are the most frequently oncogene aberrations in lung carcinoma patients. A candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) Ras Association Domain Family 1 Isoform A (), is silenced by promoter hypermethylation in several human malignancies including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

Coadministration of metformin or spironolactone enhances efficacy of rosiglitazone in management of PCOS.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of adding metformin or spironolactone to rosiglitazone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This is a prospective non-randomized study in a tertiary care with at in a tertiary care endocrine clinic. Women ( = 138) diagnosed with PCOS on the basis of Rotterdam criteria 2003 were categorized into three groups on the basis of drug intake as - rosiglitazone (R), rosiglitazone with spironolactone (R + S), and rosiglitazone with metformin (R + M).

Analysis of dengue specific memory B cells, neutralizing antibodies and binding antibodies in healthy adults from India.

Background: The Indian population is facing highest dengue burden worldwide supporting an urgent need for vaccines. For vaccine introduction, evaluation and interpretation it is important to gain a critical understanding of immune memory induced by natural exposure. However, immune memory to dengue remains poorly characterized in this region.

Profile of High Grade Gliomas - A Single Center Experience.

Introduction: The term high grade glioma (HGG), is usually used to describe WHO grade III and IV tumours. There has been a recent increase in incidence of HGGs in the Western world, particularly in the elderly population. This probably reflects the easy availability of vastly improved diagnostic imaging.

Association of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) polymorphism with mRNA expression and risk of non small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Interleukin 1 beta (IL- 1β), a key proinflammatory cytokine encoded by the interleukin 1 beta gene, has been associated with chronic inflammation and plays an important role in lung inflammatory diseases including lung cancer. Elevated levels of Interleukin 1proteins, in particular interleukin 1 beta greatly enhance the intensity of the inflammatory response.

Aim: To study the role of interleukin 1 beta-31C > T and -511 T > C polymorphism in the pathogenesis of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Outcome of trans-axillary approach for surgical decompression of thoracic outlet: a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the trans-axillary surgical approach in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome.

Methods: This retrospective study is comprised of data acquired from January 1998 until Oct 2008. Case histories of all the patients were reviewed from the Medical Records Department of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute.

Lack of association of a common polymorphism in the 3' -UTR of interleukin 8 with non small cell lung cancer in Kashmir.

Background: Chronic inflammation is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The presence of inflammatory cells and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and their surrounding tissues is gaining much importance in research.

Materials And Methods: One hundred ninety NSCLC cases and 200 age, smoking and sex matched controls were evaluated for association of IL-8 -251 (rs4073) and IL-8 -845 (rs2227532) in our population.

Analysis and management of brain abscess; a ten year hospital based study.

Aim: To study clinical, microbiological and radiological profile of pyogenic brain abscess patients along with modes of treatment and their outcome.

Material And Methods: This retrospective as well as prospective study included One hundred and fourteen patients of Brain Abscess who were admitted and evaluated in the Department of Neurosurgery over a period of ten years .This study had a retrospective component from Oct 2001 to May 2009 in which eighty six patients were included and a prospective component from June 2009 to Oct 2011 which included twenty eight patients.

Evaluating conservative treatment for acute appendicitis with lump formation.

Background: Interval appendectomy after acute appendicitis with lump formation (phlegmon) remains controversial. We conducted this study to determine the risk of recurrent appendicitis following initial non-operative treatment for appendicitis, and evaluate factors associated with recurrence. Secondarily, we evaluate the efficacy of interval appendectomy versus no appendectomy.

Brunner's gland hyperplasia: an unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.

A case of Brunner's gland hyperplasia presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding is reported herein. A 40-year-old male presented to our hospital with features of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient had a history of passing black tarry stools for the last two days.

Association of dyslipidaemia with cholilithiasis and effect of cholecystectomy on the same.

Background: The association between gallstones and abnormal lipids and later increase in risk of coronary artery disease and stroke has been shown in many studies. The aim of study is to elucidate the association of dyslipidaemia with Cholilithiasis and effect of Cholecystectomy on the same.

Methods: 73 patients with symptomatic gallstones were studied prospectively.

Isolated aglossia in a six year old child presenting with impaired speech: a case report.

Introduction: The most mobile organ of the body, the tongue is associated with various congenital anomalies; most of which are in association with many other systemic abnormalities. Rarely do they occur in isolation. Isolated aglossia, that we presented, is one of the more rare presentations.

A critical evaluation of signs and symptoms in the diagnosis of Addison's diseases.

Objectives: To determine the usefulness of clinical symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of Addison's disease.

Methodology: A retrospective, hospital based study from analysis of case records of over 12 years period (1988-1999). Individual or groups of signs and symptoms in 66 patients of confirmed Addison's diseases were compared with 76 subjects with normal ACTH stimulation test, when clinical presentations were similar.