Methodological considerations in designing and implementing the harmonized diagnostic assessment of dementia for longitudinal aging study in India (LASI-DAD).

The Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD) is a population-representative, prospective cohort study of late-life cognition and dementia. It is part of an ongoing international research collaboration that aims to measure and understand cognitive impairment and dementia risk by collecting a set of cognitive and neuropsychological assessments and informant reports, referred to as the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP). LASI-DAD provides nationally representative data drawn from a subsample of the ongoing Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI).

CYP17 gene polymorphic sequence variation is associated with hyperandrogenism in Kashmiri women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a complex reproductive as well as endocrinological disorder characterized by anovulatory dysfunction, androgen excess and polycystic ovarian morphology. Hyperandrogenism is regarded as a cardinal feature of the disease. It is believed that the excess androgens are produced due to abnormality in steroid biosynthesis pathway wherein cytochrome P450, 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17) plays an imperative role.

Gene variants of and and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; outcome of a case control study from Kashmir, India.

Studies on associations of various polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes with different cancers including acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are mixed and inconclusive. The current study analyzed the relationship between polymorphisms of phase I xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, cytochromes P450 1A1 () and and childhood ALL in Kashmir, India. We recruited 200 confirmed ALL cases, and an equal number of controls, matched for sex, age and district of residence to the respective case.

Hyperbaric spinal ropivacaine in lower limb and hip surgery: A comparison with hyperbaric bupivacaine.

Background And Aims: Bupivacaine is more cardiotoxic than ropivacaine. Ropivacaine provides effective spinal anesthesia for lower limb and hip surgeries. This prospective study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine with hyperbaric bupivacaine for patients undergoing limb and hip surgeries.

Sheehan's Syndrome Presenting as Major Depressive Disorder.

Sheehan's syndrome or Simmond's disease is a rare endocrine disorder seen in clinical practice. The clinical spectrum is diverse and a high index of suspicion together with a good clinical acumen and proper diagnostic approach helps in early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this endocrinopathy. Sheehan's syndrome presenting as a major depressive disorder finds less mention in the literature.

A rare case of suprahepatic gall bladder with phocomelia and pancytopenia: detected by tc-99m mebrofenin scintigraphy.

The possibility of an ectopic gallbladder should always be considered whenever there is a failure to localize it in its normal anatomical position on routine imaging. Although a very rare entity, the anomalous position of gallbladder can result in misinterpretation of imaging findings and create clinical confusion. Awareness of such an anomaly facilitates proper diagnosis and subsequent management.

Concurrent infection with dengue and malaria: an unusual presentation.

Dengue and malaria are both endemic in South Asia and represent a major public health burden in this region. Though there have been some case reports of concurrent infection with dengue and malaria, yet there are only few cases of such infections reported from South Asia. Here, we present a case of a young male returning from a dengue endemic area who tested positive for the virus along with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.

Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleed from a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in a Jejunal Diverticulum: A Rare Case Report.

We present a case of small bowel diverticulum with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This GIST in the diverticulum was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and was of low-grade malignant potential.

Treatment of type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors with somatostatin analogs.

Background And Aim: There are limited data on response and long-term follow-up of octreotide therapy in type-I gastric neuroendocrine tumors. The objective of the present study was to assess the response of type-I gastric neuroendocrine tumors to octreotide-long acting, repeatable (LAR) therapy and evaluate long-term follow up of such patients after therapy.

Methods: Three patients with documented type-I gastric neuroendocrine tumors from a tertiary gastroenterology centre were studied.

Life in conflict: Characteristics of Depression in Kashmir.

Background: Mental, physical and social health, are vital strands of life that are closely interwoven and deeply interdependent. Mental disorders affect people of all countries and societies, individuals at all ages, women and men, the rich and the poor, from urban and rural environments. Depression is more likely following particular classes of experience - those involving conflict, disruption, losses and experiences of humiliation or entrapment.

Clinical management of patients with minor head injuries.

Background: Injuries are a focus of public health practice because they pose a serious health threat, occur frequently, and are preventable. Globally, thousands of people attend their local Emergency Department daily after suffering a head injury. Early diagnosis and appropriate management improves outcomes but is sometimes more difficult to achieve than might be imagined.

The incidence and severity of injury in children hospitalised for traumatic brain injury in Kashmir.

A large number of people experience traumatic brain injury each year, often with severe consequences. This is a public health problem that requires ongoing surveillance to follow trends in the incidence, risk factors, causes, and outcomes of these injuries. In 2003, a prospective study of all children below 15 years admitted to hospitals with a diagnosis of head injury was conducted in the Accident & Emergency Department of Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar (India) to determine the incidence and severity of accidental head injury among children and the circumstances of injury.

Percutaneous sonography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of colonoscopic biopsy-negative colonic lesions.

Background: Pre-operative tissue diagnosis with colonoscopy is not always possible in patients with colonic lesions.

Objective: To study the usefulness and efficacy of percutaneous ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy of colonic lesions.

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with colonic lesions in whom colonoscopic brush cytology and biopsy were either negative or the lesion was not accessible on colonoscopy on two attempts, underwent percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.