Maintenance Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-analysis.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective therapy for acute treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the efficacy and optimal strategy of delivering maintenance rTMS beyond acute treatment remains unclear. This meta-analysis aims to quantify the treatment effect of maintenance rTMS therapy in MDD and compares the difference in treatment effect between the fixed and rescue maintenance rTMS protocols.

New evidence for flexible psilocybin dosing in patients with treatment-resistant depression.

Psilocybin has demonstrated efficacy for treating depression; however, psychiatrically complex patients have been excluded from trials. A recent clinical trial by Rosenblat at al. demonstrates feasibility of a flexible dosing schedule of psilocybin in individuals with severely treatment-resistant depression (TRD), including those with co-morbid conditions or bipolar II disorder (BPII), potentially expanding the current treatment paradigm.

Impact of COVID-19-Related Social Distancing on the Incidence of Inpatient Aggression at a Public Psychiatric Hospital.

Objective: This study explores the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic-related social distancing measures on the incidence of inpatient aggression at a public psychiatric hospital Methods: Data was gathered from the hospital's unusual incident (UI) database for the time period ranging from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020. Based on the implementation of major social distancing measures, March 6, 2020, was set as a cutoff time point to categorize aggressive events into pre-COVID and post-COVID groups. Data was analyzed using Chi-square tests and general linear modeling.

Autism and Education.

Determining the most effective strategies to educate children and youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be daunting. Dr Stephen Shore, an autism advocate who is on the spectrum, said, "If you've met one person with autism, you've met one person with autism." Individuals diagnosed with ASD present with unique strengths and difficulties and experience characteristics of their disability in different ways.

Daily and Seasonal Variation in Light Exposure among the Old Order Amish.

Exposure to artificial bright light in the late evening and early night, common in modern society, triggers phase delay of circadian rhythms, contributing to delayed sleep phase syndrome and seasonal affective disorder. Studying a unique population like the Old Order Amish (OOA), whose lifestyles resemble pre-industrial societies, may increase understanding of light's relationship with health. Thirty-three participants (aged 25-74, mean age 53.

Autism and Education.

Determining the most effective strategies to educate children and youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be daunting. Dr Stephen Shore, an autism advocate who is on the spectrum, said, "If you've met one person with autism, you've met one person with autism." Individuals diagnosed with ASD present with unique strengths and difficulties and experience characteristics of their disability in different ways.

Brain PET Imaging of α7-nAChR with [18F]ASEM: Reproducibility, Occupancy, Receptor Density, and Changes in Schizophrenia.

Background: The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor increasingly has been implicated in normal brain physiology, as well as in neuropsychiatric disorders. The highly cortical distribution of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor suggests a role in cognition.

Methods: We expanded the first-in-human PET imaging of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with [18F]ASEM from 5 to 21 healthy nonsmoking volunteers and added a feasibility study in 6 male patients with schizophrenia.

The Olfactory Neural Epithelium As a Tool in Neuroscience.

Capturing both dynamic changes (state) and persistent signatures (trait) directly associated with disease at the molecular level is crucial in modern medicine. The olfactory neural epithelium, easily accessible in clinical settings, is a promising surrogate model in translational brain medicine, complementing the limitations in current engineered cell models.

Composition, taxonomy and functional diversity of the oropharynx microbiome in individuals with schizophrenia and controls.

The role of the human microbiome in schizophrenia remains largely unexplored. The microbiome has been shown to alter brain development and modulate behavior and cognition in animals through gut-brain connections, and research in humans suggests that it may be a modulating factor in many disorders. This study reports findings from a shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oropharyngeal microbiome in 16 individuals with schizophrenia and 16 controls.

Olfactory neurons obtained through nasal biopsy combined with laser-capture microdissection: a potential approach to study treatment response in mental disorders.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology and typically treated with the mood stabilizer, lithium carbonate. Animal studies as well as human genetic studies indicate that lithium affects molecular targets that are involved in neuronal growth, survival and maturation, and notably molecules involved in Wnt signaling. Given the ethical challenge to obtaining brain biopsies for investigating dynamic molecular changes associated with lithium-response in the central nervous system (CNS), one may consider the use of neurons obtained from olfactory tissues to achieve this goal.

Gluten sensitivity and relationship to psychiatric symptoms in people with schizophrenia.

The relationship between gluten sensitivity and schizophrenia has been of increasing interest and novel mechanisms explaining this relationship continue to be described. Our study in 100 people with schizophrenia compared to 100 matched controls replicates a higher prevalence of gluten sensitivity and higher mean antigliadin IgG antibody levels schizophrenia (2.9 ± 7.

Understanding clinician perception of common presentations in South Asians seeking mental health treatment and determining barriers and facilitators to treatment.

Background: Little is known about the presentation of mental health symptoms among South Asians living in the US.

Objective: To explore mental health symptom presentation in South Asians in the US and to identify facilitators and barriers to treatment.

Design: Focus group study.

Feelings of Fatness Questionnaire: a measure of the cross-situational variability of body experience.

The Feelings of Fatness Questionnaire (FOFQ) was developed to assess the variability of bodily feelings of thinness-fatness across life situations. The FOFQ, three other conventional measures of perceptual and cognitive-affective body experience, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Eating Attitudes Test were administered to 132 undergraduate women. The FOFQ demonstrated acceptable construct validity and revealed considerable variation in "felt" body experience across psychosocial contexts.

Occupational therapy and the treatment of eating disorders.

The occupational therapist is vital to providing a complete assessment and thorough treatment of the population with eating disorders. Symptoms and etiology that effect the occupational therapist's reasoning are explored followed by the theoretical frameworks used and specific group intervention at the Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital. Two case studies conclude the article.