Distinct Features of Sedimentary Archaeal Communities in Hypoxia and Non-Hypoxia Regions off the Changjiang River Estuary.

Water hypoxia (DO < 2 mg/L) is a growing global environmental concern that has the potential to significantly influence not only the aquatic ecosystem but also the benthic sedimentary ecosystem. The Changjiang River Estuary hypoxia, classified as one of the world's largest seasonal hypoxic water basins, has been reported to be expanding rapidly in recent decades. However, the microbial community dynamics and responses to this water hypoxia are still unclear.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Utilizes Host Histamine Receptor H1 to Modulate Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Phagosome Maturation via the p38MAPK-NOX2 Axis.

Tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by the single pathogenic bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is among the top 10 lethal diseases worldwide. This situation has been exacerbated by the increasing number of cases of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that mediates a plethora of cell processes via different receptors.

Involvement of the DNA Phosphorothioation System in TorR Binding and Anaerobic TMAO Respiration in Salmonella enterica.

Although the phosphorothioate (PT) modification, in which the nonbridging oxygen in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by sulfur, has been reported to play versatile roles in multiple cellular processes, very little data have been obtained to define the role of PT in epigenetic regulation. In this study, we report that the PT system in Salmonella enterica serovar Cerro 87 is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the operon encoding the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) respiration machinery that enables the use of TMAO as a terminal electron acceptor for respiration when oxygen is not available. , PT enhanced the binding of the transcriptional activator of the operon, namely, TorR, to its DNA substrate ( boxes).

Functional Characterization of the GATA-Type Transcription Factor PaNsdD in the Filamentous Fungus Podospora anserina and Its Interplay with the Sterigmatocystin Pathway.

The model ascomycete Podospora anserina, distinguished by its strict sexual development, is a prolific but yet unexploited reservoir of natural products. The GATA-type transcription factor NsdD has been characterized by the role in balancing asexual and sexual reproduction and governing secondary metabolism in filamentous fungi. In the present study, we functionally investigated the NsdD ortholog PaNsdD in P.

Mitochondrial Fusion Mediated by Mitofusin 1 Regulates Macrophage Mycobactericidal Activity by Enhancing Autophagy.

A mitochondrion, as a highly dynamic organelle, continuously changes morphology and position during its life cycle. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion, play a critical role in maintaining functional mitochondria for ATP production, which is directly linked to host defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, how macrophages regulate mitochondrial dynamics during M.

High-Level Diversity of Basal Fungal Lineages and the Control of Fungal Community Assembly by Stochastic Processes in Mangrove Sediments.

Fungi are key components of microbial communities in mangrove wetlands, with important roles in the transformation of nutrients and energy. However, existing studies typically focus on cultivable fungi and seldom on the structure and driving factors of entire fungal communities. The compositions, community assembly, and interaction patterns of mangrove fungal communities on a large scale remain elusive.