Prenatal labor analgesia education program on outcomes for primiparas: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: A significant number of primiparous women lack awareness of labor epidural analgesia, resulting in lower acceptance of labor epidural analgesia. Additional prenatal education may help primiparas understand labor epidural analgesia and increase labor epidural analgesia rates. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate the effects of an online and offline prenatal labor epidural analgesia education program for primiparas to improve their labor epidural analgesia rate and to reduce their misunderstanding of labor epidural analgesia and fear of birth.

Identification of core biomarkers for tuberculosis progression through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro research.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a significant global public health issue with high mortality rates and challenges posed by drug-resistant strains, emphasizing the continued need for new therapeutic targets and effective treatment strategies. Transcriptomics is a highly effective tool for the development of novel anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, most studies focus only on changes in gene expression levels at specific time points.

Preventive and Therapeutic effects of Metformin in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of RCT and Cohort Studies.

Background: There is discrepancy of results among various individual and me-ta-analytical studies about the effect of metformin on cancer risk and patients' survival. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive, updated meta-analysis to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of metformin for cancer patients, as well as the inci-dence of adverse reactions, among metformin users.

Methods: A total of 18 studies (10 cohort studies and 8 randomized controlled trials) in-volving 1,300,820 participants from Europe, North America, and Asia were included in this meta-analysis.

Exercised gut microbiota improves vascular and metabolic abnormalities in sedentary diabetic mice through gut‒vascular connection.

Background: Exercise elicits cardiometabolic benefits, reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the vascular and metabolic effects of gut microbiota from exercise-trained donors on sedentary mice with type 2 diabetes and the potential mechanism.

Methods: Leptin receptor-deficient diabetic (db/db) and nondiabetic (db/m) mice underwent running treadmill exercise for 8 wk, during which fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was parallelly performed from exercise-trained to sedentary diabetic (db/db) mice.

SRT3025-loaded cell membrane hybrid liposomes (3025@ML) enhanced anti-tumor activity of Oxaliplatin via inhibiting pyruvate kinase M2 and fatty acid synthase.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary system. Despite significant advances in diagnosis and treatment, the compromised therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutic agents, such as Oxaliplatin (OXA), remains a major clinical challenge. Thus, a combination therapy is required to enhance the OXA's therapeutic effectiveness and improve patient outcomes.

Molecular Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg3 Alleviation in Osteoporosis via Modulation of KPNA2 and the NF-κB Signalling Pathway.

Osteoporosis is mainly caused by an imbalance in osteoclast and osteoblast regulation, resulting in an imbalance in bone homeostasis. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) has been reported to have a therapeutic effect on alleviating osteoporosis. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated.

Protocol for inducing beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue of mouse using cold exposure and CL316,243 injection.

White adipose tissue (WAT) beiging holds significant therapeutic potential for combating obesity. Here, we present a protocol for inducing beige WAT in mice using both cold exposure and CL316,243 treatment. We describe steps for intraperitoneal injection, and subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) isolation, dissection, and fixation.

Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma following curative resection: A randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background Aims: The role of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following curative resection remains controversial. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant TACE in HCC patients.

Approach Results: In this randomized phase 3 trial, histologically confirmed HCC patients (AJCC TNM stage I and II) were randomly assigned (1:1) to adjuvant TACE or observation groups.

Disease burden and trend of melanoma among middle-aged and elderly population in China from 1990 to 2020, and prediction for 2022 to 2035.

Objectives: To analyze the disease burden and trend from 1990 to 2020 of melanoma among middle-aged and elderly populations in China, and to predict the future trend from 2022 to 2035.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 were utilized to collect incidence and mortality rates of melanoma, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding age crude rates among the middle-aged and elderly population in China. Additionally, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was employed to assess the temporal trends.

Automatic segmentation model and machine learning model grounded in ultrasound radiomics for distinguishing between low malignant risk and intermediate-high malignant risk of adnexal masses.

Objective: To develop an automatic segmentation model to delineate the adnexal masses and construct a machine learning model to differentiate between low malignant risk and intermediate-high malignant risk of adnexal masses based on ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system (O-RADS).

Methods: A total of 663 ultrasound images of adnexal mass were collected and divided into two sets according to experienced radiologists: a low malignant risk set (n = 446) and an intermediate-high malignant risk set (n = 217). Deep learning segmentation models were trained and selected to automatically segment adnexal masses.

The high efficacy of claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer with a strategy to ensure the safety of patients.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal digestive system tumors. Claudin18.2 is highly expressed in PC tissue and could serve as a suitable target for CAR-T therapy.

Metallothionein rescues doxorubicin cardiomyopathy via mitigation of cuproptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent utilized in the management of cancer, provokes cardiotoxicity although effective remedy is lacking. Given that DOX provokes oxidative stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes, this study evaluated the possible involvement of cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, in DOX-instigated cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction, alongside the impact of the heavy metal scavenger metallothionein (MT) on DOX cardiomyopathy. Cardiac-specific MT transgenic and wild-type (WT) mice were treated with DOX (5 mg/kg/wk.

[Research progress on the application of end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in prehospital emergency care].

Prehospital emergency care is the primary stage in the treatment of critically ill patients, where efficient and accurate monitoring methods are crucial for patient survival and prognosis. End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO) monitoring is a real-time, non-invasive method that can sensitively capture the status of respiratory, circulatory, and metabolic functions, particularly in the urgent and complex pre-hospital environment, a immediate detection and non-invasive method, can sensitively capture the respiratory, circulatory, and metabolic status of patients. It provides valuable guidance for rapid decision-making and precise interventions.

Fully automated segmentation of brain and scalp blood vessels on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging using multi-view cascaded networks.

Background And Objective: Neurosurgical navigation is a critical element of brain surgery, and accurate segmentation of brain and scalp blood vessels is crucial for surgical planning and treatment. However, conventional methods for segmenting blood vessels based on statistical or thresholding techniques have limitations. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have emerged as a promising solution for blood vessel segmentation, but the segmentation of small blood vessels and scalp blood vessels remains challenging.

Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Secreted Exosomes Regulate Macrophage Polarization in Pancreatic Cancer via the NOD1 Pathway.

Metastasis is a major cause of poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Exosomes (Exos) regulate cancer progression by modulating macrophage polarization. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-released Exos on macrophage polarization in pancreatic cancer and the molecular mechanisms.

Cadherin 23 is a prognostic marker of pancreatic cancer and promotes cell viability in floating culture conditions.

: Pancreatic cancer has the worst prognosis of all common cancers worldwide. Cadherin plays important roles in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This study investigated the role and mechanism of Cadherin 23 (CDH23) action in the viability of pancreatic cancer cells.

Choline metabolism modulates cyclic-di-GMP signaling and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a macrophage infection model.

Background: Bacterial pathogens frequently encounter host-derived metabolites during their colonization and invasion processes, which can serve as nutrients, antimicrobial agents, or signaling molecules for the pathogens. The essential nutrient choline (Cho) is widely known to be utilized by a diverse range of bacteria and may undergo conversion into the disease-associated metabolite trimethylamine (TMA). However, the impact of choline metabolism on bacterial physiology and virulence remains largely unexplored.

TRIM59/RBPJ positive feedback circuit confers gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer by activating the Notch signaling pathway.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors that lacks effective treatment, and gemcitabine-based chemoresistance occurs frequently. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies for PC are urgently needed. Tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59) plays an important role in breast and lung cancer chemoresistance.

Adiponectin deficiency prevents chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis via inhibiting CXCL13 production.

Introduction: Colonic fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often leading to functional impairment, intestinal obstruction, and surgery. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine derived from adipocytes that plays a pleiotropic role in fibrosis regulation, depending on tissue and cell type specific or disease context, but its role in colonic fibrosis remains unclear.

Objective: To explore the role and involved mechanism of APN in chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis.

18F-FDG PET/CT Revealed Bone Infarction as the Cause of Unexplained Fever.

An 18F-FDG PET/CT was conducted on a 44-year-old man with a history of dermatomyositis and avascular necrosis of left femoral head, due to a fever of unknown origin. The scan revealed patchy and cloudy high densities within the medullary cavities of bilateral distal femur and proximal tibia, exhibiting peripheral high 18F-FDG avidity. Subsequent MRI confirmed bone infarction.

[Current situation and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in eighty-eight hospitals in Guangdong Province].

To investigate the current situation and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in 88 hospitals in Guangdong Province, as well as to provide evidence for the management of allergy nursing. From August to December 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the core managers of allergy nursing-related work in eighty-eight hospitals in Guangdong Province supported by the Allergy Nursing Branch of the Guangdong Nurses Association and the Nursing Group of the Allergy Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association. An online survey was conducted using the Delphi method to compile a questionnaire on the current status and demand for specialized development of allergy nursing in Guangdong Province.

Histone acetylation alteration by KAT6A inhibitor WM-1119 suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic inflammation via reduction in AP-1 signaling.

Activation of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-associated mast cells (MCs) triggers the onset of pro-inflammatory signals associated with type I allergic diseases. Although histone acetylation changes have been associated with inflammatory diseases, the impact of lysine-acetyltransferase (KAT) inhibitors on IgE-mediated MCs function is unclear. Potential anti-allergic effects of the KAT6A inhibitor WM-1119 on IgE-mediated MCs activation and allergic inflammation were examined in this study.