Less is more: relative rank is more informative than absolute abundance for compositional NGS data.

High-throughput gene expression data have been extensively generated and utilized in biological mechanism investigations, biomarker detection, disease diagnosis and prognosis. These applications encompass not only bulk transcriptome, but also single cell RNA-seq data. However, extracting reliable biological information from transcriptome data remains challenging due to the constrains of Compositional Data Analysis.

The functions and clinical implications of hsa_circ_0032462-miR-488-3p-SLC7A1 axis in human osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma, as the most common primary malignant bone tumor, has become one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in adolescents and children. This study thus proposes new biomarkers for OS based on whole-transcriptome re-analysis and experimental confirmation.

Methods: We find two circRNA dataset related to OS, from tissue and cell perspectives respectively, from the GEO database.

Unraveling heterogeneity and treatment of asthma through integrating multi-omics data.

Asthma has become one of the most serious chronic respiratory diseases threatening people's lives worldwide. The pathogenesis of asthma is complex and driven by numerous cells and their interactions, which contribute to its genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The clinical characteristic is insufficient for the precision of patient classification and therapies; thus, a combination of the functional or pathophysiological mechanism and clinical phenotype proposes a new concept called "asthma endophenotype" representing various patient subtypes defined by distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.

CLCA1 and BPIFB1 are potential novel biomarkers for asthma: an iTRAQ analysis.

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects billions of people. Due to its diverse phenotypes and endotypes with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, significant challenges arise in its clinical diagnosis and treatment. The discovery of potential biomarkers of asthma has significant implications for its clinical classification and precise treatment.

Evaluation of Carotid Stenosis in a High-Stroke-Risk Population by Hemodynamic Dual-Parameters Based on Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging.

Objective: This study explored the feasibility of using high-frame-rate ultrasound vector flow imaging (VFI) to quantitatively assess hemodynamics in atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) by evaluating dual-parameters, turbulence index (Tur), and wall shear stress (WSS). Their efficacy in evaluating carotid artery stenosis was also analyzed.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with ICAS were enrolled.

Perturbations in the airway microbiome are associated with type 2 asthma phenotype and severity.

Background: Airway microbiome has been linked to asthma heterogeneity, yet little is known about the associations between airway microbiota and type 2 (T2) asthma phenotype and severity.

Objective: To determine the relationship of nasopharyngeal (NP) and induced sputum (IS) microbiota to the phenotypic features of T2 asthma.

Methods: NP and IS samples from subjects with T2 mild-to-moderate asthma (n = 23), subjects with severe asthma (n = 21), and healthy controls (n = 16) were analyzed.

Association between the use of loop diuretics and prognosis in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: The role of loop diuretics in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is controversial. This study examined the association between the use of loop diuretics and prognosis in critically ill patients with AKI.

Methods: This study used data from the medical information mart for the intensive care IV database.

Analysis of variable metabolites in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Numerous studies have attempted to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants using metabolomics techniques. However, the presence of consistent evidence remains elusive. Our study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify differences in small-molecule metabolites between BPD and non-BPD preterm infants.

Airway epithelial cells promote in vitro airway smooth muscle cell proliferation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease, imposing a substantial health and economic burden on society and individuals. Current treatments primarily focus on symptom relief and lung function improvement, often failing to address the underlying pathology. Thus, exploring new therapeutic approaches is crucial.

Improving prediction accuracy of spread through air spaces in clinical-stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma using computed tomography imaging models.

Objectives: To develop computed tomography (CT)-based models to increase the prediction accuracy of spread through air spaces (STAS) in clinical-stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Three cohorts of patients with stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma (n = 1258) were analyzed retrospectively. Two models using radiomics and deep neural networks (DNNs) were established to predict the lung adenocarcinoma STAS status.

Exploring the Spatial Distribution of Interstitial Cells in Kidney Tissue.

Introduction: Interstitial cells are crucial to the development of kidney structure and function, although the mechanism underlying their role in it remains unclear to date. Our previous study identified cell clusters in human fetal kidney tissue, and we further analyzed the interstitial cell cluster within this context.

Methods: We extracted the barcoded cDNA from tissue samples and prepared spatial transcriptome libraries.

Effectiveness and Feasibility of Digital Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients Undergoing Lung Cancer Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been shown to effectively support postsurgical recovery in patients with lung cancer (LC) at various stages. While digital PR programs offer a potential solution to traditional challenges, such as time and space constraints, their efficacy and feasibility for patients undergoing LC surgery remain unclear.

Objective: This systematic review aims to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of digital PR programs for individuals undergoing LC surgery.

Enhancing Axillary Lymph Node Diagnosis in Breast Cancer with a Novel Photoacoustic Imaging-Based Radiomics Nomogram: A Comparative Study of Peritumoral Regions.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to assess the predictive ability of photoacoustic (PA) imaging-based radiomics combined with clinical characteristics for axillary lymph node (ALN) status in early-stage breast cancer patients and to compare performance in different peritumoral regions.

Methods: This study involved 369 patients from Shenzhen People's Hospital, divided into a training set of 295 and a testing set of 74. PA imaging data were collected from all participants, and radiomics analysis was performed on intratumoral and various peritumoral regions.

CSTF2 Supports Hypoxia Tolerance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Enabling m6A Modification Evasion of PGK1 to Enhance Glycolysis.

Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2) is a fundamental factor in the regulation of 3'-end cleavage and alternative polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Previous work has identified a tumor-promoting role of CSTF2, suggesting that it may represent a potential therapeutic target. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanistic function of CSTF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Single-dose telitacicept therapy for refractory idiopathic membranous nephropathy: A case series.

Key Clinical Message: We report three cases of IMN from our center, where patients received a single dose of telitacicept after showing no response to conventional treatments. Although one case did not respond, the other two cases achieved complete or partial remission of proteinuria. These cases illustrates the telitacicept may offer new hope for the treatment of IMN.

Quality improvement bundles to decrease hypothermia in very low/extremely low birth weight infants at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that hypothermia in preterm infants correlates with increased morbidity and mortality, especially among those with very low or extremely low birth weights (VLBW/ELBW). An increasing number of healthcare facilities are implementing quality improvement (QI) bundles to lower the incidence of hypothermia at birth in this vulnerable population. However, the effectiveness and safety of these interventions have yet to be fully assessed.

Luteolin ameliorates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice by promoting the Arginase-1 microglial phenotype via a PPARγ-dependent mechanism.

Accumulating evidence shows that neuroinflammation substantially contributes to the pathology of depression, a severe psychiatric disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Although modulating microglial phenotypes is recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy, effective treatments are still lacking. Previous studies have shown that luteolin (LUT) has anti-inflammatory effects and confers benefits on chronic stress-induced depression.

Nuclear translocation of SIRT4 mediates deacetylation of U2AF2 to modulate renal fibrosis through alternative splicing-mediated upregulation of CCN2.

TGF-β stimulates CCN2 expression which in turn amplifies TGF-β signaling. This process promotes extracellular matrix production and accelerates the pathological progression of fibrotic diseases. Alternative splicing plays an important role in multiple disease development, while U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2 (U2AF2) is an essential factor in the early steps of pre-mRNA splicing.

Artificial intelligence diagnosis of patent foramen ovale in contrast transthoracic echocardiography.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rarely directly used in patent foramen ovale (PFO) diagnosis. In this study, an AI model was developed to detect the presence of PFO automatically in both contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) images and videos. The whole intelligent diagnosis neural network framework consists of two functional modules of image segmentation (Unet,  = 1866) and image classification (ResNet 101,  = 9152).

Sevoflurane exposure accelerates the onset of cognitive impairment via promoting p-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Sevoflurane is an inhalational anesthetic widely used in clinical settings. Accumulating evidence has shown that sevoflurane exposure may impair cognitive function, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related changes. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood.