A Multifunctional Nanodrug Co-Delivering VEGF-siRNA and Dexamethasone for Synergistic Therapy in Ocular Neovascular Diseases.

Introduction: Oxidant stress, abnormal angiogenesis, and inflammation are three key factors contributing to the development of ocular neovascular diseases (ONDs). This study aims to develop a multifunctional nanodrug, DEX@MPDA-Arg@Si (DMAS), which integrates mesoporous polydopamine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-siRNA, and dexamethasone (DEX) to address these therapeutic targets.

Methods: Physicochemical properties of DMAS were measured using transmission electron microscopy and a nanoparticle size analyzer.

NIR-II AIE Liposomes for Boosting Type-I Photodynamic and Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Phototheranositcs has recently aroused extreme attention due to its exceptional advantages. However, the poor photothernostic efficiency, limited penetration depth, strong oxygen-dependence, and inevitable damage to normal tissue of conventional photothernostic materials severely hindered their total theranostic efficacy. Herein, a series of near-infrared second (NIR-II) photosensitizers (PSs) featuring aggregation-induced emission (AIE), NIR-II fluorescence imaging (FLI), type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and mild-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) are constructed through dual-strategy methods combining donor group engineering and fluorination engineering.

New technology: clinical efficacy of intracapsular decompression and supported hollow screw treatment for Garden IV femoral neck fractures.

Background: The management of Garden IV femoral neck fractures presents a formidable challenge. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel technological approach for treating Garden IV femoral neck fractures, involving intracapsular decompression and the utilization of supported hollow screws.

Methods: Between October 2018 and October 2021, a cohort of 46 patients, comprising 25 males and 21 females, was admitted for Garden IV femoral neck fractures.

Pharmacological inhibition of P300 with C646 ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulating CXCL1 in M1 alveolar macrophages.

Objectives: Acute lung injury (ALI) is an excessive inflammatory condition with the involvement of M1 alveolar macrophage (AM) polarization. Given the high mortality rate of ALI, elucidating its underlying mechanisms is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets. Inhibition of P300, a lysine acetyltransferase, has illustrated the potential to alleviate inflammatory diseases through the regulation of immune cell activation.

Emerging role of microglia in the developing dopaminergic system: perturbation by early life stress.

Early life stress correlates with a higher prevalence of neurological disorders, including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, depression, and Parkinson's disease. These conditions, primarily involving abnormal development and damage of the dopaminergic system, pose significant public health challenges. Microglia, as the primary immune cells in the brain, are crucial in regulating neuronal circuit development and survival.

Circ-ECH1 May Compete With miR-708-5p to Regulate Ntrk2 in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affects patients' quality of life. Circular RNAs participated in BPD. However, circ-ECH1's role in BPD has not been reported yet.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals key regulators and differentiation trajectory of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

Cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells is not only a new strategy of regenerative therapy for cardiovascular disease treatment but also provides unique opportunities for the study of in vitro disease models and human heart development. To elucidate the dynamic gene regulatory networks and pivotal regulators involved in the cardiomyocyte differentiation process, we conducted an analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data obtained from the reprogramming of two human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines into cardiomyocytes. The data were collected from 32,365 cells at 4 stages of this process.

Online registry of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis in Shenzhen: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, open, observational cohort study.

Introduction: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) of the intestine of preterm infants leads to the risk of abdominal surgery, short bowel syndrome, neurodevelopmental disorders and death. Although the risks of NEC and its complications have been recognised in many countries, few countries have established NEC-specific registries to continuously monitor its aetiology and prognosis. In China, the understanding of risk factors and prognosis of NEC is incomplete, characterised by a lack of evidence from prospective and multicentre studies.

Optimizing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum viability in the gastrointestinal tract and its impact on gut microbiota-brain axis through zein microencapsulation.

Evidence suggests that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) can positively influence gut microbiota, subsequently affecting brain function via the gut-brain axis. However, the oral administration of LP may subject it to damage from gastric acid. To address this issue, a microencapsulation system was developed to protect LP and enhance its viability in the gastrointestinal tract.

Injectable polyethylene glycol/methacrylated polylysine double cross-linked hydrogel releases neuropeptides for infected wound healing.

Wound infections caused by microorganisms often give rise to extensive inflammation and vascular damage that compromise the wound healing process. Designing approaches to more effectively controlling wound infections and accelerating this healing process are urgently needed. This study was designed with the goal of synthesizing an injectable, double cross-linked hydrogel suitable for use when treating infected wounds.

Melatonin treatment increases skin microbiota-derived propionic acid to alleviate atopic dermatitis.

Background: Melatonin has been reported to relieve the inflammatory symptoms and improve sleep disturbance in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Recent studies showed that melatonin produced beneficial effects by remodeling intestinal microbiota composition; however, whether the beneficial effects of melatonin in AD were mediated by the modulation of skin microbiota remains unclear.

Objective: We sought to investigate the mechanism by which melatonin treatment-induced changes in the skin microbiota composition further alleviated AD.

Enhancing Epstein-Barr virus detection in IBD patients with XAI and clinical data integration.

Background: There is increasing evidence of a link between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and gastrointestinal cancers, particularly in immunocompromised patients and those on thiopurines. Traditional endoscopic techniques have limitations in diagnosing EBV, whereas standard methods for diagnosing EBV have practical challenges in regular clinical settings related to their invasiveness and high costs.

Methods: An explainable AI (XAI) model was developed to analyze 1598 endoscopic images from 287 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with a focus on detecting EBV infection.

Multimodal single cell-resolved spatial proteomics reveal pancreatic tumor heterogeneity.

Despite the advances in antibody-guided cell typing and mass spectrometry-based proteomics, their integration is hindered by challenges for processing rare cells in the heterogeneous tissue context. Here, we introduce Spatial and Cell-type Proteomics (SCPro), which combines multiplexed imaging and flow cytometry with ion exchange-based protein aggregation capture technology to characterize spatial proteome heterogeneity with single-cell resolution. The SCPro is employed to explore the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and reveals the spatial alternations of over 5000 proteins by automatically dissecting up to 100 single cells guided by multi-color imaging of centimeter-scale formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue slide.

Photoacoustic-Based Intra- and Peritumoral Radiomics Nomogram for the Preoperative Prediction of Expression of Ki-67 in Breast Malignancy.

Rationale And Objectives: This study investigated the preoperative predictive efficiency of radiomics derived from photoacoustic (PA) imaging, integrated with the clinical features of Ki-67 expression in malignant breast cancer (BC), with a focus on both intratumoral and peritumoral regions.

Methods: This study involved 359 patients, divided into a training set (n = 251) and a testing set (n = 108). Radiomic features were extracted from intratumoral and peritumoral regions using PA imaging.

The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Blood-based panel biomarker discovery by proteomics and metabolomics.

Diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly pressing in the early stage of the disease because the biomarker-targeted therapies may be most effective. Diagnosis of AD largely depends on the clinical symptoms of AD. Currently, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and neuroimaging techniques are considered for clinical detection and diagnosis.

The Impact of Aging on Neurological Diseases in the Elderly: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.

With the progression of global aging, neurological diseases in elderly individuals have aroused widespread interest among researchers. Imbalances in the homeostasis of neuronal microenvironments, including neural progenitor cells and microglia, are the leading cause of worsening neurodegenerative diseases. The aging of various glial cells can further lead to abnormal functions in the central nervous system (CNS).

A single-center clinical trial evaluating topical propranolol for preventing stress-induced hair loss.

There is currently a lack of pathological research on the hair loss caused by stress, and there is no effective treatment available. It has been previously reported that stress can cause sympathetic nerve activation and release of norepinephrine, which binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors and causes a series of chemical reactions. Propranolol, as a beta-2 adrenergic receptors blocker, competitively antagonizes the effects of norepinephrine.

Therapeutic potential of Simvastatin in ALS: Enhanced axonal integrity and motor neuron survival through Apoa4 and Alb modulation.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective death of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex. This study investigates the effects of simvastatin on the G93A-copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (G93ASOD1) transgenic mouse model of ALS. The experiment included three groups: C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice, C57BL/6J SOD1G93A mice treated with PBS (SOD1G93A + PBS), and C57BL/6J SOD1G93A mice treated with simvastatin (SOD1G93A + simvastatin).

Prognostic significance of fibrinogen levels in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: unveiling a nonlinear relationship and clinical implications.

Background: Fibrinogen plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory cascade and is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of sepsis. Nevertheless, its significance as a prognostic marker for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between fibrinogen levels and 28-day mortality with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.