TRAF1 promotes osteoclastogenesis by enhancing metabolic adaptation to oxidative phosphorylation in an AKT-dependent manner.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a crucial signaling adaptor involved in multiple cellular events. However, its role in regulating osteoclastogenesis and energy metabolism remains unclear. Here, we report that TRAF1 promotes osteoclastogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).

Sperm DNA fragmentation index: limited effectiveness on predicting embryo quality in assisted reproduction technology treatments.

Purpose: Prior sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) thresholds for diagnosing male infertility and predicting assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcomes fluctuated between 15 and 30%, with no agreed standard. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the sperm DFI on early embryonic development during ART treatments and establish appropriate DFI cut-off values.

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed 913 couple's ART cycles from 2021 to 2022, encompassing 1,476 IVF and 295 ICSI cycles, following strict criteria.

Efficacy and safety of SHEN26, a novel oral small molecular RdRp inhibitor for COVID-19 treatment: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial.

Background: SHEN26 (ATV014) is an oral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor with potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics were verified in a Phase I study. This phase II study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of SHEN26 in COVID-19 patients.

The association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and prognosis in lung cancer patients: a prospective study.

Background: The prognostic value of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection in postoperative lung cancer patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Cpn infection and survival in lung cancer patients.

Methods: This study included 309 newly diagnosed primary lung cancer patients from three hospitals in Fuzhou, China.

Total population for a resource-limited single consumer model.

In the past several decades, much attention has been focused on the effects of dispersal on total populations of species. In Zhang (EL 20:1118-1128, 2017), a rigorous biological experiment was performed to confirm the mathematical conclusion: Dispersal tends to enhance populations under a suitable hypothesis. In addition, mathematical models keeping track of resource dynamics in population growth were also proposed in Zhang (EL 20:1118-1128, 2017) to understand this remarkable phenomenon.

sVEGFR3 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and immune cell infiltration.

Recent studies have suggested that sVEGFR3 is involved in cardiac diseases by regulating lymphangiogenesis; however, results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of sVEGFR3 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). sVEGFR3 effects were evaluated in vivo in mice subjected to MI/RI, and in vitro using HL-1 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion.

Metasurface higher-order poincaré sphere polarization detection clock.

Accurately and swiftly characterizing the state of polarization (SoP) of complex structured light is crucial in the realms of classical and quantum optics. Conventional strategies for detecting SoP, which typically involves a sequence of cascaded optical elements, are bulky, complex, and run counter to miniaturization and integration. While metasurface-enabled polarimetry has emerged to overcome these limitations, its functionality predominantly remains confined to identifying SoP within the standard Poincaré sphere framework.

Solvent-dripping modulated 3D/2D heterostructures for high-performance perovskite solar cells.

The controlled growth of two-dimensional (2D) perovskite atop three-dimensional (3D) perovskite films reduces interfacial recombination and impedes ion migration, thus improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Unfortunately, the random orientation of the spontaneously formed 2D phase atop the pre-deposited 3D perovskite film can deteriorate charge extraction owing to energetic disorder, limiting the maximum attainable efficiency and long-term stability of the PSCs. Here, we introduce a meta-amidinopyridine ligand and the solvent post-dripping step to generate a highly ordered 2D perovskite phase on the surface of a 3D perovskite film.

Physical unclonable in-memory computing for simultaneous protecting private data and deep learning models.

Compute-in-memory based on resistive random-access memory has emerged as a promising technology for accelerating neural networks on edge devices. It can reduce frequent data transfers and improve energy efficiency. However, the nonvolatile nature of resistive memory raises concerns that stored weights can be easily extracted during computation.

SAA3 deficiency exacerbates intestinal fibrosis in DSS-induced IBD mouse model.

Intestinal fibrosis, as a late-stage complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leads to bowel obstruction and requires surgical intervention, significantly lowering the quality of life of affected patients. SAA3, a highly conserved member of the serum amyloid A (SAA) apolipoprotein family in mice, is synthesized primarily as an acute phase reactant in response to infection, inflammation and trauma. An increasing number of evidence suggests that SAA3 exerts a vital role in the fibrotic process, even though the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully comprehended.

Highly printable, strong, and ductile ordered intermetallic alloy.

Ordered intermetallic alloys are renowned for their impressive mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, making them appealing for various fields. However, practical applications of them have long been severely hindered due to their severe brittleness and poor fabricability. It is difficult to fabricate such materials into components with complex geometries through traditional subtractive manufacturing methods.

Ratiometric fluorescent aptasensor based on DNA-gated FeO@Uio-66-NH and Exo I-assisted signal amplification.

Background: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and can pose a serious threat to food safety and human health. Due to the high stability and toxicity, OTA contamination in agricultural products is of great concern. Therefore, the development of a highly sensitive and reliable OTA detection method is crucial to ensure food safety.

VG@nAu-based fluorescent biosensor for grading Alzheimer's disease by detecting P-tau181 protein in clinical samples.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a very long duration, posing a serious threat to people's life and health. To date, no medicine that can cure or reverse the disease has been developed or reported, so early diagnosis and timely intervention are essential. The concentration of Phosphorylated tau181 (P-tau181) in blood has been approved by FDA as a standard for assisting clinical diagnosis of AD.

Chinese yam polysaccharide induces the differentiation and natural antibody secretion of IgM B cells to prevent Aeromonas hydrophila infection in grass carp.

Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) is an effective immunostimulant, however, its efficacy in grass carp, an important commercial fish species in Asia, remains untested. Here, our study evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of CYP on IgM B cells in vitro and on humoral immunity and immune defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in vivo. In vitro stimulation experiments showed that CYP could induce the secretion of IgM antibodies, because it could stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of head kidney IgM B cells.

Structure and properties of chitosan plasticized with hydrophobic short-chain fatty acid cosolvent.

The application of chitosan in packaging has always been limited due to its brittle and hygroscopic nature. In this study, hydrophobic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were utilized to modify chitosan to overcome this issue. For the first time, hydrophobic SCFAs, typically hexanoic acid and its homologs, were found to be able to dissolve chitosan in water as well as its hydrophilic analog.

Post-procedural Plasma D-dimer Level May Predict Futile Recanalization in Stroke Patients with Endovascular Treatment.

Objective: High D-dimer levels may increase the likelihood of unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, the impacts of serum D-dimer levels on outcomes of reperfusion treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke have not been evaluated. This study aims to assess a possible relationship between serum D-dimer and functional outcomes in stroke patients with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Chromosome-scale genomes of ecologically and economically important rabbitfish Siganus guttatus and Siganus oramin.

Siganus guttatus and Siganus oramin are two major species that are naturally distributed along the Eastern Pacific coast and possess considerable ecological and economic value. Here, we present the construction and comparative analysis of the chromosome-level genomes of these two Siganus species. Employing a hybrid assembly strategy, we partitioned and independently assembled the PacBio, Illumina and Hi-C reads of S.

Novel Hsp90α inhibitor inhibits HSV-1 infection by suppressing the Akt/β-catenin pathway.

The prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and the emergence of drug-resistant HSV-1 strains posts a significant global health challenge, necessitating the urgent development of effective anti-HSV-1 drugs. As one of the most prevalent molecular chaperones, heat shock protein 90 α (Hsp90α) has been extensively demonstrated to regulate a range of viral infections, thus representing a promising antiviral target. In this study, we identified JD-13 as a novel Hsp90α inhibitor and explored its capability in inhibiting HSV-1 infection.

A Cell-penetrating bispecific antibody suppresses hepatitis B virus replication and secretion.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents one of the major pathogenic factor that leads to chronic liver diseases and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The currently approved anti-HBV drugs cannot eradicate the virus or block the development of HCC. HBV nucleocapsid consists of the hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and the HBV relaxed-circular partially double-stranded DNA (rcDNA), indispensable in virus replication.

Development of two recombinase-aided amplification assays combined with lateral flow dipstick (RAA-LFD) and real-time fluorescence (RF-RAA) for the detection of Frog virus 3-like ranaviruses.

Frog virus 3-like ranaviruses (FV3-like viruses), particularly FV3 (Frog virus 3), represent typical species within the genus Ranavirus, primarily infecting amphibians and reptiles, thereby posing serious threats to aquaculture and biodiversity conservation. We designed a pair of universal primers and a probe targeting the conserved region of the major capsid protein (MCP) genes of FV3-like viruses. By integrating recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) technology and real-time fluorescence (RF) modification, we established RAA-LFD and RF-RAA assays.

The mediating effect of the striatum-based connectivity on the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and anhedonia in adolescent depression.

Background: The potential pairwise connections among high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), striatum-based circuits, and anhedonia in adolescent depression are not clear. This study aimed to explore whether hs-CRP levels in adolescents with depression influence anhedonia via alterations of striatum-based functional connectivity (FC).

Methods: A total of 201 adolescents (92 with depressive episodes with anhedonia (anDE), 58 with DE without anhedonia (non-anDE), and 51 healthy controls (HCs)) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and completed the anhedonia subscale of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI).

Lattice coherency engineering trigger rapid charge transport at the heterointerface of Te/InO@MXene photocatalysts for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The establishment of heterojunctions has been demonstrated as an effective method to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Conventional heterojunctions usually have random orientation relationships, and heterointerfaces can hinder photogenerated carrier transport due to larger lattice mismatches, thus reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency. In this study, a novel Te/InO@MXene lattice coherency heterojunction was prepared by leveraging the identical lattice spacing of InO (222) and Te (021) crystal face.

Do market-based environmental regulations always promote enterprise green innovation commercialization?

Motivated by increasingly strengthened market-based environmental regulations, enterprises intend to pursue both pollution reduction and competitive edge through developing green innovation. Although the volume of green innovation has increased substantially, some of them are not successfully commercialized to pay rewards for enterprises. Hence, how market-based environmental regulations affect enterprise green innovation commercialization is urgently to be explored.

Residence time of particles in indoor surface networks.

Infectious microbes can spread rapidly from fomites (contaminated surfaces) via hand touch, with prolonged residence time on surfaces increasing transmission risk by extending exposure periods and/or involving more susceptible individuals. Existing studies have focused on decreasing microbial contamination, but not on the need for rapid removal from surface systems. This study introduces residence time as the time that a microbe spends within the surface system.

Multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in urban older adults: The mediation effects of thyroid hormones.

The existing studies on the association between multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in the older adults are limited and controversial, with no studies considering the mediating effect of thyroid hormones on the connection between them. This study of 441 urban older adults assessed 21 urinary metal levels and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Urinary metal levels were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and thyroid hormones levels were obtained from medical records.