Plasma ctDNA increases tissue NGS-based detection of therapeutically targetable mutations in lung cancers.

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been becoming a novel convenient and noninvasive method for dynamically monitoring landscape of genomic information to guild personalized cancer treatment. In this study we comprehensively evaluated the additional value of plasma ctDNA to routine tissue next generation sequencing (NGS) of therapeutically targetable mutations in lung cancers.

Methods: The tumor tissues and peripheral blood samples from 423 cases of patients with lung cancer were subjected to NGS of mutations in oncodrivers (EGFR, ERBB2, ALK, ROS1, C-MET, KRAS, BRAF, RET, BRCA1 and BRCA2).

Immune-related thyroid dysfunction is associated with improved long-term prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape of lung cancer (LC), but its prognosis is still poor. Whether immunorelated thyroid dysfunction associated with the prognosis of LC patients remains controversial. We aimed to summarize the scientific evidence on whether thyroid dysfunction associated with immunotherapy for LC has a beneficial outcome on the survival of LC patients.

Advantages and feasibility of intercostal nerve block in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Objectives: Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has been successfully used worldwide as a minimally invasive method of thoracoscopic surgery. Although pain was significantly reduced after VATS, acute postoperative pain was still significant. This study aimed to assess the advantages and feasibility of intercostal nerve block in uniportal VATS.

Effect of a modified regimen on drug-sensitive retreated pulmonary tuberculosis: A multicenter study in China.

Background And Objective: Retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) still accounts for a large proportion of tuberculosis, and the treatment outcome is unfavorable. The recurrence of retreatment PTB based on long-term follow-up has not been well demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate effect of a modified regimen on drug-sensitive retreated pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis complicated by spinal cord cryptococcosis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Spinal cord involvement by Cryptococcus neoformans infection is extremely rare, with most cases occurring in immunosuppressed patients.

Case Presentation: A young male patient presented with a 10-day history of progressive lower limb weakness culminating in paralysis, urinary incontinence, and constipation. The patient had no known immunodeficiency induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malignancy, or organ transplantation.

Would the width of a metal rib spreader affect postoperative pain in patients who undergo video-assisted mini-thoracotomy (VAMT)?

Background: Hitherto, no study has evaluated postoperative pain in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with video-assisted mini-thoracotomy (VAMT). In this study, we aimed to assess postoperative pain related to the width of the metal rib spreader in patients who underwent lobectomy using VAMT.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed the data of 94 consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent lobectomy using VAMT at our institution between March 2019 and May 2022.

Systematic Analysis and Identification of Molecular Subtypes of TRP-Related Genes and Prognosis Prediction in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Transient receptor potential channel (TRP) is a superfamily of nonselective cation channels, which is a member of calcium ion channels with a vital role in different calcium ion signal transduction pathways. TRP channel expression is often changed in the tumor, although the role of TRP proteins in lung cancer is unknown.

Methods: Molecular Signatures Database (MsigDB) provided the TRP gene set.

Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with pneumonectomies: A population-based study.

Background: Prognostic factors in a pneumonectomy (PN) are not yet fully defined. This study sought to analyze and evaluate long-term survival after pneumonectomies (PNs) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We obtained data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for patients who underwent PNs between 2004 and 2015.

GNPNAT1 Predicts Poor Prognosis and Cancer Development in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 1 (GNPNAT1) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine and is upregulated in multiple malignancies. However, its function in cancer biology remains unclear.

Methods: Using TCGA dataset, this study analysed GNPNAT1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and assessed the correlation between GNPNAT1 and NSCLC patient prognosis.

Recent advances in PLGA micro/nanoparticle delivery systems as novel therapeutic approach for drug-resistant .

is a severe infectious disease caused by and is a significant public health concern globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a combination regimen of several drugs, such as rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (ETB), to treat t. However, these drugs have low plasma concentrations after oral administration and require multiple high doses, which may lead to the occurrence and development of drug-resistant .

The Emerging Roles of Rad51 in Cancer and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target.

Defects in DNA repair pathways are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Accurate DNA repairs and replications are essential for genomic stability. Cancer cells require residual DNA repair capabilities to repair the damage from replication stress and genotoxic anti-tumor agents.

Performance of TB-LAMP in the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Empyema Using Samples Obtained From Pleural Decortication.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of TB-LAMP in the diagnosis of TB empyema using pleural tissue specimens obtained during pleural decortication.

Methods: Using the clinical records and the different diagnostic test results of patients who underwent pleural decortication in a TB-designated hospital over 3.5 years, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity positive predictive, and negative predictive values of the pathology, MGIT 960 culture, and TB-LAMP obtained by using pleural tissue specimens against the etiologic diagnosis and composite clinical reference standard (CCRS) as the reference standards.

Risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Since multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health problem worldwide, identifying associated risk factors is critical for developing appropriate control strategies.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted for identifying factors independently predicting MDR-TB. The random-effects model was used to determine pooled odds ratios (ORs) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the related factors.

Lobectomy versus segmentectomy in patients with stage T (> 2 cm and ≤ 3 cm) N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer: a propensity score matching study.

Background: The safety and effectiveness of lung segmentectomy in patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We have therefore reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes of patients treated with lobectomy or segmentectomy for early T (> 2 and ≤ 3 cm) N0M0 NSCLC.

Methods: We obtained data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy between 2004 and 2015.

Preventive Effect of Hippocampal Sparing on Cognitive Dysfunction of Patients Undergoing Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Imaging Assessment of Hippocampal Volume Changes.

Objective: Preventive effect of hippocampal sparing on cognitive dysfunction of patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy and imaging assessment of hippocampal volume changes.

Methods: Forty patients with brain metastases who attended Liaoning Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were identified as research subjects and were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 20 cases in each group. The control group was treated with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), and the experimental group was treated with hippocampal sparing-WBRT (HS-WBRT).

Sp1 transcription factor represses transcription of phosphatase and tensin homolog to aggravate lung injury in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus-pulmonary tuberculosis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can enhance the risk of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and aggravate pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This study intended to explore the function of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in T2DM-PTB and the molecules involved. Mice were treated with streptozotocin to induce T2DM and then infected with Mtb.

High level of FHL2 exacerbates the outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and the malignant phenotype in NSCLC cells.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumour with high mortality. FHL2 has been identified as a biomarker of lung cancer. This research explored the effects of FHL2 expression on NSCLC.

Identification and validation of a seven-gene prognostic marker in colon cancer based on single-cell transcriptome analysis.

Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed tumours worldwide. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can accurately reflect the heterogeneity within and between tumour cells and identify important genes associated with cancer development and growth. In this study, scRNA-seq was used to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers in CC.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children Using Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid.

Objective: Using TB-LAMP for diagnosing pediatric PTB, however, still requires systematic evaluation. Here, we evaluated TB-LAMP performance alone and in combination with conventional assays for diagnosing PTB in Chinese children, using mycobacterial culture or CCRS (the composite clinical reference standard) as references.

Design Or Methods: BALF samples were collected at Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital from 251 children susceptible to TB infection with indications for fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Stroke in Takayasu arteritis with concomitant tuberculosis: an unusual pediatric case report.

Background: Stroke is a lethal complication of polyarteritis in children. Takayasu arteritis is a rare disease with an unknown etiology and is known to mainly affect young women. In this report, we present the case of a Chinese boy diagnosed with TA results in stroke, originally presenting in the context of latent tuberculosis infection and then developing active tuberculosis.

[Uniportal thoracoscopic decortication for stage Ⅲ tuberculous empyema of 158 cases].

To examine the safety and feasibility of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) decortication in patients presenting with stage Ⅲ tuberculous empyema. From August 2017 to July 2020, 158 patients of stage Ⅲ tuberculous empyema underwent uniportal VATS decortication with partial rib resection and customized periosteal stripper in Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. There were 127 males and 31 females, aged ((IQR)) 32(28) years (range:14 to 78 years).

Recurrent pulmonary cryptococcosis during chronic HBV infection: A case report.

Rationale: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is one of the important opportunistic infections and has a wide range of symptoms depending on the underlying conditions. Here, we reported a case living with chronic hepatitis B virus infection who had a recurrent pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Patient Concerns: A 51-year-old male patient was admitted to our center because of cough, fatigue, and shortness of breath for 2 weeks.

A Prognostic Signature of Glycolysis-Related Long Noncoding RNAs for Molecular Subtypes in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and glycolysis regulate multiple types of cancer. However, the prognostic roles and biological functions of glycolysis-related lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of glycolysis-related lncRNAs in LUAD.

Efficacy and safety of MIL60 compared with bevacizumab in advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 3 randomized, double-blind study.

Background: We compared the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of MIL60 with reference bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in this phase 3, randomized, double-blind study.

Methods: Patients with untreated advanced or recurrent NSCLC were randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive either MIL60 or bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel/carboplatin. Patients with non-progressive disease continued maintenance single-agent MIL60 until disease progression, or intolerable toxicity.

Disseminated lymph node tuberculosis after splenectomy: an unusual case report in an adolescent.

Background: Splenectomized patients are at an increased risk for overwhelming post-splenectomy infections typically with encapsulated bacteria. The clinical association between splenectomy and lymph-node tuberculosis is unclear.

Case Presentation: We describe a rare case of disseminated tuberculous lymphadenitis in an 18-year-old woman with history of splenectomy because of hereditary sherocytosis.