Effects of vitamin D, omega-3 and a simple strength exercise programme in cardiovascular disease prevention: The DO-HEALTH randomized controlled trial.

Background: The effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in older adults remains unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the effect of 2000 IU/day of vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day), and a simple home strength exercise program (SHEP) (3×/week) on lipid and CVD biomarkers plasma changes over 3 years, incident hypertension and major cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods: The risk of MACE (coronary heart event or intervention, heart failure, stroke) was an exploratory endpoint of DO-HEALTH, incident hypertension and change in biomarkers were secondary endpoints.

Fracture prediction in rheumatoid arthritis: validation of FRAX with bone mineral density for incident major osteoporotic fractures.

Objectives: FRAX® uses clinical risk factors, with or without bone mineral density (BMD), to calculate 10-year fracture risk. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a risk factor for osteoporotic fracture and a FRAX input variable. FRAX predates the current era of RA treatment.

European guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of breast lesions with uncertain malignant potential (B3 lesions) developed jointly by EUSOMA, EUSOBI, ESP (BWG) and ESSO.

Introduction: Breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential (B3) include atypical ductal and lobular hyperplasias, lobular carcinoma in situ, flat epithelial atypia, papillary lesions, radial scars and fibroepithelial lesions as well as other rare miscellaneous lesions. They are challenging to categorise histologically, requiring specialist training and multidisciplinary input. They may coexist with in situ or invasive breast cancer (BC) and increase the risk of subsequent BC development.

Trends in occupational and work-related contact dermatitis attributed to nickel, chromium and cobalt in the UK: findings from The Health and Occupation Research network 1996-2019.

Background: Occupational exposure to metals such as nickel, chromium and cobalt can be associated with contact dermatitis, which can adversely affect an individual's health, finances and employment. Despite this, little is known about the incidence of metal-related occupational contact dermatitis over prolonged periods of time.

Objectives: To investigate the medically reported trends in the incidence of work-related contact dermatitis attributed to nickel, chromium and cobalt in the UK.

The adoption of artificial intelligence assisted endoscopy in the Middle East: challenges and future potential.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in endoscopy has shown immense potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, streamline procedures, and improve patient outcomes. There are potential uses in every field of endoscopy, from improving adenoma detection rate (ADR) in colonoscopy to reducing read time in capsule endoscopy or minimizing blind spots in gastroscopy. Indeed, some of these systems are already licensed and in commercial use across the world.

Characterization of skin barrier defects using infrared spectroscopy in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin barrier defects that are often measured by biophysical tools that observe the functional properties of the stratum corneum (SC).

Objectives: To employ in vivo infrared spectroscopy alongside biophysical measurements to analyse changes in the chemical composition of the SC in relation to AD severity.

Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional cohort study where attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy measurements were collected on the forearm alongside surface pH, capacitance, erythema and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), combined with tape stripping, in a cohort of 75 participants (55 patients with AD stratified by phenotypic severity and 20 healthy controls).

Virtual student-led neuroscience conferencing: a UK multicentre prospective study investigating delegate outcomes and delivery mode.

Background: Clinical neuroscience training programmes are becoming increasingly competitive to enter. UK university neuroscience societies act as a local environment for students to develop their career interests and provide portfolio building opportunities through hosting events such as annual conferences. Recently there has been a transition to more of these events being held online yet the impact of this, if any, remains unclear.

Inhibition of ATR opposes glioblastoma invasion through disruption of cytoskeletal networks and integrin internalization via macropinocytosis.

Background: Glioblastomas have highly infiltrative growth patterns that contribute to recurrence and poor survival. Despite infiltration being a critical therapeutic target, no clinically useful therapies exist that counter glioblastoma invasion. Here, we report that inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad 3 related kinase (ATR) reduces invasion of glioblastoma cells through dysregulation of cytoskeletal networks and subsequent integrin trafficking.

Association between skin barrier development and early-onset atopic dermatitis: A longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: A diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is common during infancy; however, it is unclear whether differential skin barrier development defines this period and signals disease onset in predisposed individuals.

Objective: We sought to study (NCT03143504) and assess the feasibility of remote skin testing from birth to monitor skin barrier maturation and model association with an AD diagnosis by age 12 months.

Methods: Biophysical testing and infrared spectroscopy were conducted at the maternity ward and family home.

Potential application of PS-OCT in the safety assessment of non-steroidal topical creams for atopic dermatitis treatment.

Crisaborole 2% ointment is a non-steroidal treatment for mild-moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) and may produce fewer adverse effects than topical corticosteroids (TCS). We used PS-OCT to quantify dermal collagen at baseline and after 29 days of treatment with crisaborole and betamethasone valerate (BMV), in 32 subjects. PS-OCT detected a mean increase 1 × 10-6, 95% CI (6.

Effect of BMI-Discordant Abdominal Tissue Thickness on Fracture Probability: A Registry-Based Study.

FRAX, which is used to assess fracture probability, considers body mass index (BMI), but BMI may not reflect individual variation in body composition and distribution. We examined the effect of BMI-discordant abdominal thickness on FRAX-derived fracture probability for major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture. We studied 73,105 individuals, mean age 64.

Outcomes of complex oncoplastic breast surgery in older women. Analysis of data from the Age Gap cohort study.

Breast cancer, mastectomy, breast conserving surgery, post-mastectomy reconstruction, older women, quality of life.

Adjusting Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) for Level-Specific Differences Reduces FRAX®-Based Treatment Reclassification in Patients with Vertebral Exclusions: The Manitoba BMD Registry.

Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a FRAX®-independent risk factor for fracture prediction. TBS values increase from cranial to caudal, with the following mean differences between TBS and individual lumbar vertebrae: L1 -0.093, L2 -0.

Outcomes of Composite Grafts for Pediatric Fingertip Amputations: A Systematic Review.

 The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of composite grafts in fingertip amputations in children as well as the contributing factors that may affect outcomes.  Literature search was conducted across six databases in March 2022 to select studies on the use of composite grafts on fingertip amputations in the pediatric population.  Twelve articles with 735 composite grafts were identified for review.

Cardiac magnetic resonance left ventricular filling pressure is linked to symptoms, signs and prognosis in heart failure.

Aims: Left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) can be estimated from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). We aimed to investigate whether CMR-derived LVFP is associated with signs, symptoms, and prognosis in patients with recently diagnosed heart failure (HF).

Methods And Results: This study recruited 454 patients diagnosed with HF who underwent same-day CMR and clinical assessment between February 2018 and January 2020.

Adjusting FRAX Estimates of Fracture Probability Based on a Positive Vertebral Fracture Assessment.

Importance: FRAX is the most widely used and validated fracture risk prediction tool worldwide. Vertebral fractures, which are an indicator of subsequent osteoporotic fractures, can be identified using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) vertebral fracture assessment (VFA).

Objective: To assess the calibration of FRAX and develop a simple method for improving FRAX-predicted fracture probability in the presence of VFA-identified fracture.

Identification of renal cyst cells of type I Nephronophthisis by single-nucleus RNA sequencing.

Nephronophthisis (NPH) is the most common genetic cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in childhood, and is the major pathogenic gene. Cyst formation at the corticomedullary junction is a pathological feature of NPH, but the mechanism underlying cystogenesis is not well understood. The isolation and identification of cystic cell subpopulation could help to identify their origins and provide vital clues to the mechanisms underlying cystogenesis in NPH.

Leflutrozole in male obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Ph 2b double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Assessment of the efficacy and safety/tolerability of the aromatase inhibitor leflutrozole to normalise testosterone in Obesity-associated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (OHH).

Design: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, RCT, in 70 sites in Europe/USA.

Methods: Patient inclusion criteria: men with BMI of 30-50 kg/m2, morning total testosterone (TT) < 10.

An update on Takotsubo syndrome.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) can be described as an acute, transiently occurring form of heart failure. It typically causes systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV). Perhaps what is of most significance is the reversible nature of TTS, with many patients achieving recovery within a few weeks to months.

Ca-EDTA restores the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam or aztreonam against carbapenemase-producing infections.

Developing an effective therapy to overcome carbapenemase-positive (CPKp) is an important therapeutic challenge that must be addressed urgently. Here, we explored a Ca-EDTA combination with aztreonam or ceftazidime-avibactam and against diverse CPKp clinical isolates. The synergy testing of this study demonstrated that novel aztreonam-Ca-EDTA or ceftazidime-avibactam-Ca-EDTA combination was significantly effective in eliminating planktonic and mature biofilms , as well as eradicating CPKp infections .

CD9 co-operation with syndecan-1 is required for a major staphylococcal adhesion pathway.

Epithelial colonization is a critical first step in bacterial pathogenesis. can utilize several host factors to associate with cells, including α5β1 integrin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, such as the syndecans. Here, we demonstrate that a partner protein of both integrins and syndecans, the host membrane adapter protein tetraspanin CD9, is essential for syndecan-mediated staphylococcal adhesion.

Diagnosis, treatment, and survival from kidney cancer: real-world National Health Service England data between 2013 and 2019.

Objectives: To report the NHS Digital (NHSD) data for patients diagnosed with kidney cancer (KC) in England. We explore the incidence, route to diagnosis (RTD), treatment, and survival patterns from 2013 to 2019.

Materials And Methods: Data was extracted from the Cancer Data NHSD portal for International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition coded KC; this included Cancer Registry data, Hospital Episode Statistics, and cancer waiting times data.