Left superior vena cava's unconventional path to left atrium drainage: A case report.

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare congenital anomaly. We presented PLSVC in a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis. The left internal jugular vein was utilized for central venous access due to difficult central vascular access, resulting in a diagnosis of PLSVC draining in the left atrium.

A Case Report on the Use of a Novel Technique for Intra-operative Nasojejunal Tube Placement in a Patient Undergoing Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy.

Esophagectomy is an important cornerstone in the management of esophageal cancer. Post-operative feeding options in Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy include nasojejunal tube (NJT), feeding jejunostomy, and direct oral feeding. NJT is traditionally placed endoscopically or under fluoroscopic guidance.

Solitary Osseous Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on SPECT/CT.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sixth most common cancer world-over, commonly metastasizes to lung, lymph nodes and adrenal glands. Incidence of osseous metastases in HCC has been reported to be 3-20 % which occurs predominantly in the axial skeleton. It only rarely occurs in the appendicular skeleton and that too as the solitary focus of metastatic deposit.

Anaesthetic implications in situs inversus totalis: A case report.

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital condition which is characterised by the reversal of orientation of abdominal and thoracic organs where heart is on the right side of the thoracic cavity and liver on the left side, whereas stomach and spleen are on the right side in the abdomen. The reported prevalence of this anomaly is one in 5,000- 20,000 live births. This case reports the anaesthetic management of situs inversus totalis in a 38-year-old male patient, with a history of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon, who underwent laparoscopic intervention converted to open nodular excision with incisional hernia repair.

Cancer Statistics from the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust's Hospital-based Cancer Registry, Pakistan, 1994-2022: An Observational Study.

Introduction: The Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust has been operational, since February 1990. The first Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center (SKMCH&RC) started functioning in Lahore on December 29, 1994. SKMCH&RC, Peshawar, started its operation in December 2015.

The Oncological Safety of Submental Flap Reconstruction in Head-and-Neck Cancers: An Extended Follow-up Study.

Introduction: The oncological safety of a submental (SM) flap is thought to be controversial. The objective of our study was to validate our previous study regarding the oncological safety of SM flaps in oral cavity reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: An electronic database was searched from 2015 to 2021 for all head-and-neck tumor patients, where reconstruction was performed using a SM flap.

Survival Outcomes in Malignancy-related Hypercalcemia: A Tertiary Care Single-center Experience.

Introduction: Malignancy-related hypercalcemia is commonly observed in patients with advanced stages of cancer. It is intricately linked with an unfavorable prognosis among oncology patients. This study aimed to evaluate survival outcomes among individuals diagnosed with hypercalcemia associated with malignancy.

Using Telemedicine to Care for Patients with Breast Cancer: A Natural Quasi-Experimental Study.

Introduction: This investigation assessed the clinical characteristics of patients who received care through telemedicine and the clinical impact telemedicine service had on breast cancer patients in a low-income country.

Materials And Methods: This natural experimental study assessed the impact of telemedicine service on cancer outcomes among breast cancer patients at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust (SKMT), Pakistan, between January 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2022. The study group (hybrid group) consisted of patients that had both face-to-face and telemedicine appointments, and the control group (physical group) included patients with only face-to-face encounters.

Synchronous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Introduction: It is uncommon for breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma to present simultaneously. An increase in the rate of simultaneous malignancy identification has resulted from adopting more sensitive staging imaging techniques.

Case Description: Here, we describe a patient who was diagnosed with axillary diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a cancer hospital during a staging work-up for suspected breast cancer.

Marginal Contribution of Pathogenic Germline Variants to Pakistani Early-Onset and Familial Breast/Ovarian Cancer Patients.

Introduction: has been reported as a breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) predisposition gene, particularly among Caucasian populations. We studied the prevalence of variants in Pakistani BC/OC patients.

Materials And Methods: In total, 371 young or familial BC/OC patients were thoroughly analyzed for sequence variants using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography pursued by DNA sequencing of differentially eluted amplicons.

Initial Experience of Pancreaticoduodenectomy in a Newly Developed Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit Serving in a Lower-Middle-Income Country.

Introduction: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of PD performed over 1 year at a newly established hepato-pancreatico-biliary unit in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained hospital information system (HIS) was undertaken of all patients referred to the unit between May 2021 and August 2022.

Impact of Hypoglycemia on Hospitalized Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Aims Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common liver malignancies that presents a challenge to global healthcare. The impact and outcomes of hypoglycemia in HCC have not been studied in detail before. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes and prognosis associated with hypoglycemia in patients diagnosed with HCC, utilizing a large-scale database approach.

Nutrition and Dietary Intervention in Cancer: Gaps, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

The term "cancer" refers to the state in which cells in the body develop mutations and lose control over their replication. Malignant cancerous cells invade in various other tissue sites of the body. Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are the first-line modalities for the majority of solid cancers.

Quality assurance for cancer patient safety: Clinical assessment for precise angles in linac during radiation therapy.

Purpose: Quality assurance for stereotactic body radiation treatment requires that isocentric verification be ensured during gantry rotation at various angles. This study examined statistical parameters on Winston-Lutz tests to distinguish the deviation of angles from isocenter during gantry rotation using machine learning.

Method: The Varian TrueBeam linac was aligned with the marked lines on the Ruby phantom.

When Diagnosis Takes a Turn: A Case Series on Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor/Leydig Cell Tumor.

Testicular adrenal rest tumor (TART) is a known complication of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) that simulates testicular germ cell tumors to the extent that they can pose a diagnostic challenge to treating physicians. In this case series, we have presented four patients with different clinical scenarios but all of them presented with a common symptom of bilateral testicular masses. Their clinical histories were strongly suggestive of CAH.

Massive Uterine Leiomyoma in a Phenotypic Male.

We present a case report of a 55-year-old male patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and a large neoplastic mass in the abdomen. The patient presented with an abdominal mass and discomfort, along with a bilateral empty scrotum since birth. A diagnostic workup revealed the mass to be a uterine leiomyoma associated with CAH, a simple virilizing type.

Authentic assessment in medical education: exploring AI integration and student-as-partners collaboration.

Background: Traditional assessments often lack flexibility, personalized feedback, real-world applicability, and the ability to measure skills beyond rote memorization. These may not adequately accommodate diverse learning styles and preferences, nor do they always foster critical thinking or creativity. The inclusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Generative Pre-trained Transformers, in medical education marks a significant shift, offering both exciting opportunities and notable challenges for authentic assessment practices.

Persistent Challenges: A Recurrent Adamantinoma - Case Report.

Introduction: Adamantinoma is a rare, locally aggressive bone tumor that primarily affects the long bones, with a predilection for the tibia. Although considered a low-grade malignancy, adamantinoma is notorious for its high propensity for recurrence, which poses significant clinical challenges in the management of affected individuals. This case report aims to explore the intricacies of recurrent adamantinoma of the tibia, shedding light on its clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, and prognostic factors.

Patient-reported outcomes for immediate breast reconstruction with mastectomy among breast cancer patients in Pakistan.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of immediate breast reconstruction with mastectomy in the local population.

Methods: The quasi-experimental, control study was conducted at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised patient data from April 2017 to December 2020, of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction. Those who underwent mastectomy were labelled as control group A, while patients with immediate breast reconstruction were labelled as intervention group B.

Hyperostosis Frontalis Simulating Metastatic Deposits: Unmasked on SPECT-CT.

Skeletal scintigraphy has a pivotal role in detecting a number of bone pathologies, but it has its own limitations because of 2D image acquisition. Hybrid imaging acts as a savior in these cases where it is difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions just on the basis of planar images. We present one such case of known breast carcinoma with abnormal increased radiotracer uptake in the skull which was difficult to characterize as benign lesion such as hyperostosis frontalis or metastatic osseous lesion.

Attenuation of acute postoperative pain and opioid requirement with the use of magnesium sulfate in patients undergoing limb amputations.

Objective: To compare the effects of magnesium sulphate on the total dose of intravenous morphine consumption postoperatively following limb amputations along with rescue analgesia requirement, pain scores and side effects.

Methods: This prospective, triple-blinded, randomised controlled study was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised of patients scheduled for limb amputations. They were randomised into 2 equal groups.