Self-supervised 3D medical image segmentation by flow-guided mask propagation learning.

Despite significant progress in 3D medical image segmentation using deep learning, manual annotation remains a labor-intensive bottleneck. Self-supervised mask propagation (SMP) methods have emerged to alleviate this challenge, allowing intra-volume segmentation with just a single slice annotation. However, the previous SMP methods often rely on 2D information and ignore volumetric contexts.

A class of entanglement witnesses and a realignment-like criterion.

We present a multi-parameter family of positive maps between spaces of arbitrary but finite dimensions. This framework facilitates the construction of Entanglement Witnesses (EWs) specifically designed for systems living in [Formula: see text] dimensions. A sufficient condition for positivity is presented.

Feature selection and extraction strategies for non-targeted analysis using GC-MS and GC-IMS: A tutorial.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) are two powerful separation and detection techniques for non-targeted analysis (NTA) of volatile compounds. Combined with multivariate chemometric analysis, they have been successfully applied to several areas in chemical, environmental, food, flavor and medical sciences. The recorded raw GC-MS and GC-IMS data include high numbers of variables (features) due to the high scan speeds of the instrument.

Advancing circular economy in the water-energy-food nexus: A framework for sustainable resource use.

This study presents a transformative approach to achieving near-zero CO2 emissions in a fossil fuel-based industrial region by integrating circular economy (CE) principles with water-energy-food (WEF) nexus optimization. Utilizing a linear optimization model in the OSeMOSYS software, the study simulates the Climate-Land-Water-Energy nexus, considering population growth, rapid industrialization, and climate change. The findings indicate that achieving near-zero CO2 emissions, by reducing annual emissions from 4 million tons to 0.

Supercapacitor-powered wearable biosensor for continuous lactate monitoring from sweat.

The development of wearable sensing platforms for continuous monitoring of sweat biomarkers has gained significant attention, particularly for lactate detection. This study presents the design and fabrication of a novel wearable lactate biosensor that integrates a flexible supercapacitor power supply with an advanced lactate sensing platform. The sensing platform features NiCo nanosheets electrodeposited onto nanocages of bimetallic CoFe Prussian Blue analogue (PBA), providing an optimal microenvironment for the immobilization of lactate oxidase (LOx) enzymes.

Agenda setting for health equity assessment through the lenses of social determinants of health using machine learning approach: a framework and preliminary pilot study.

Introduction: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is transforming public health by enhancing the assessment and mitigation of health inequities. As the use of AI tools, especially ML techniques, rises, they play a pivotal role in informing policies that promote a more equitable society. This study aims to develop a framework utilizing ML to analyze health system data and set agendas for health equity interventions, focusing on social determinants of health (SDH).

Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of machine learning algorithms for identification of asthma in United States adults based on NHANES dataset.

Asthma diagnosis poses challenges due to underreporting of symptoms, misdiagnoses, and limitations in existing diagnostic tests. Machine learning (ML) offers a promising avenue for addressing these challenges by leveraging demographic and clinical data. In this study, we aim to compare different ML diagnostic models and obtain the most valuable features for asthma diagnosis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset.

Development of Antimicrobial Peptide-loaded Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Pulp-dentine Complex Regeneration: A Comparative Study.

Introduction: As a recently developed treatment modality, regeneration of the pulp-dentin-like complex via tissue engineering approaches is the focus of considerable attention. The persistence of bacteria within the root canal spaces is well known as the major challenge of dental pulp regeneration. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short peptides with inhibitory activities against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.

The Advantages and Challenges of Electronic Exams: A Qualitative Research based on Shannon Entropy Technique.

Introduction: The electronic exam is one of the foremost imperative instruments for evaluating students' execution. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the advantages and challenges of electronic exams based on Iranian and international studies.

Methods: The present qualitative study used meta-synthesis in the first phase.

Toward Understanding Carboxylate Group Contributions to Mn Oxide Catalysts in the Oxygen-Evolution Reaction.

In contrast to the previous assumption that manganese (hydr)oxides, in the absence of other metal ions, exhibit high overpotentials for catalyzing the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) under neutral conditions, this study uncovers a more nuanced behavior. We demonstrate that layered manganese oxides, when treated with carboxylate groups, exhibit OER activity at the Mn(III) to Mn(IV) oxidation peak following charge accumulation. Upon the addition of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), the Mn(III) to Mn(IV) transition occurs at a lower potential.

Oxygen Evolution Enhancement of Nickel (Hydr)Oxide via Iron Coordination Compound in Alkaline Conditions.

This study investigates the complex dynamics of the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) in systems involving Ni(Fe) (hydr)oxides and the iron coordination compound Fe phthalocyanine-4,4',4″,4‴-tetrasulfonate. It offers a novel perspective on the interaction between nickel hydroxide and the Fe compound during the OER process. The Fe complex facilitates the controlled release of trace Fe ions into the Ni (hydr)oxides as it undergoes degradation or demetalation within the Ni(II)/(III) potential range.

FeO-Cu-BTC/MWCNTs modified electrodes for real-time chlorine monitoring in aqueous solution.

A efficient sensor is presented for detecting free chlorine in water by decorating glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) via multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and FeO-Cu-BTC composite. After the characterization of prepared materials by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques, and N adsorption-desorption isotherm, the electrochemical properties of FeO-Cu-BTC/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode were assessed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CV and chronoamperometry measurement in phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.

Active corrosion protection of epoxy coating filled with surface-engineered cellulose nanocrystals with polyaniline.

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) grafted from polyaniline (PANI) doped with phosphate (PO) anion, designated here by C-pP, was employed as an active anticorrosive nanoparticle in epoxy (EP) coating at a concentration of 1 wt% for the mild-steel substrate. The presence of the phosphate agents on the backbone of PANI was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and further supported by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements for coatings with an artificial scratch revealed that EP/C-pP coating can provide an inhibition efficiency of up to ~69 %, about twice that of EP/PANI coating.

Electrically conductive and photocurable MXene-modulated hydrogel conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Electroconductive biomaterials, as advanced nerve guidance conduits (NGCs), have shown great promise to accelerate the rate of peripheral nerve repair and regeneration (PNR) but remain among the greatest challenges in regenerative medicine because of frail recovery. Herein, we introduce injectable nanocomposite nerve conduits based on gelatin methacrylate (GelMa) and MXene nanosheets (MX) for PNR. Microstructural studies determine that the addition of MX increases the mean pore size of GelMa NH from 5.

A stretchable, adhesive, and wearable hydrogel-based patches based on a bilayer PVA composite for online monitoring of sweat by artificial intelligence-assisted smartphones.

Real-time monitoring of sweat using wearable devices faces challenges such as limited adhesion, mechanical flexibility, and accurate detection. In this work, we present a stretchable, adhesive, bilayer hydrogel-based patch designed for continuous monitoring of sweat pH and glucose levels using AI-assisted smartphones. The patch is composed of a bottom PVA hydrogel layer functionalized with colorimetric reagents and glucose oxidase enzyme, while the top PVA-sucrose layer enhances skin adhesion and protects against air moisture.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of prepared thymol@UIO-66 and thymol/ZnONPs@UIO-66 nanoparticles against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A synergistic approach.

This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the antibacterial properties of UIO-66 by incorporating both Thymol and ZnO nanoparticles within its framework which represents a significant advancement like exhibiting a synergistic antibacterial effect, providing a prolonged and controlled release, and mitigating cytotoxicity associated with the release of free ZnO nanoparticles by combining these two antimicrobial agents within a single, well-defined metal-organic framework. UIO-66 frameworks are investigated as carriers for the natural antimicrobial agent, Thymol, and ZnONPs offering a novel drug delivery system for antibacterial applications. Results demonstrated 132, 90, 184, and 223 nm sizes for UIO-66, ZnONPs, UIO-66 encapsulated Thymol, and UIO-66 encapsulated both Thymol and ZnONPs, respectively.

Health risk assessment and Sobol' sensitivity analysis of power plant air pollution (SO2 and NOX): the effect of power plant fuel change.

This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) around the Qom (a province in Iran) combined cycle power plant in relation to seasonal variations and fuel type from December 2014 to May 2015. Passive sampling was used in three monitoring sites around the power plant to assess noncarcinogenic health risks associated with exposure to SO2 and NOX. Results showed the higher concentrations of NOX and SO2 in winter than in spring.

Development of propranolol loaded SLN for transdermal delivery: characterization and skin deposition studies.

Aim: The study aimed to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the transdermal delivery of PPL to improve skin retention and efficacy.

Materials And Method: The particle size distribution of SLNs was determined and the morphology of SLNs was also analyzed by SEM. , and evaluations were done for PPL loaded SLN.

Measurement of multidifferential cross sections for dijet production in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement of the dijet production cross section is reported based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 at by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36.3 . Jets are reconstructed with the anti- algorithm for distance parameters of and 0.

Hybrid clustering strategies for effective oversampling and undersampling in multiclass classification.

Multiclass imbalance is a challenging problem in real-world datasets, where certain classes may have a low number of samples because they correspond to rare occurrences. To address the challenge of multiclass imbalance, this paper introduces a novel hybrid cluster-based oversampling and undersampling (HCBOU) technique. By clustering and separating classes into majority and minority categories, this algorithm retains the most information during undersampling while generating efficient data in the minority class.

Comparison of Pheromone Lures and Sticky Pad Color for Capturing (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

Tomato leaf miner (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has gained the status of major pest globally. Integrated pest management (IPM) consists of different control methods. This field study was conducted to evaluate the influence of different pheromone-based traps to attract the male population and the potential of sticky pads of four different colors in capturing the adults in the absence of pheromone lures.

Enhancing performance of in-situ synthesized biocompatible shape memory polyurethane acrylate by cellulose nanocrystals.

This study presents the development of biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposites utilizing renewable cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in polycaprolactone (PCL)-based polyurethane acrylates (PUA) through in situ polymerization. First, CNCs were derived from cotton linter via acid hydrolysis; then functionalized with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane to produce silane-modified CNCs (S-CNCs). CNCs offered uniform dispersion in PUA up to 2 wt% loading, resulting in significant property enhancements, including ∼60 % increase in tensile strength and ∼25 % increase in Young's modulus.

Integration of Gastric Cancer RNA-Seq Datasets Along With PPI Network Suggests That Nonhub Nodes Have the Potential to Become Biomarkers.

Background: The breakthrough discovery of novel biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic value enables timely medical intervention for the survival of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC). Typically, in studies focused on biomarker analysis, highly connected nodes (hubs) within the protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) are proposed as potential biomarkers. However, this study revealed an unexpected finding following the clustering of network nodes.

Outcomes of Reconstructive Surgery Using Vacuum-Assisted Closure in Patients With Complex Wounds.

This study aimed to assess the results of reconstructive surgery with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy in patients with complex wounds. The sample included 60 patients with a mean age of 53.03 years.