Impact of transportation infrastructure and urbanization on environmental pollution: evidence from novel wavelet quantile correlation approach.

In terms of achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), the developing economies are facing many issues, and one of the key issues is environmental degradation. Being a developing economy, Pakistan is also experiencing thought-provoking impacts of global warming and still far away from the ideal track of sustainable development. For addressing environment-related issue and achieving the targets of SDGs, a policy-level reorientation might be necessary.

Unraveling Degradation Processes and Strategies for Enhancing Reliability in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have emerged as a promising technology for various applications owing to their advantages, including low-cost fabrication, flexibility, and compatibility. However, a limited lifetime hinders the practical application of OLEDs in electronic devices. OLEDs are prone to degradation effects during operation, resulting in a decrease in device lifetime and performance.

Complex dynamics of induced vortex formation and thermal-fluid coupling in tri-hybrid nanofluid under localized magnetic field: a novel study.

Hybrid nanofluids offer higher stability, synergistic effects, and better heat transfer compared to simple nanofluids. Their higher thermal conductivity, lower viscosity, and interaction with magnetic fields make them ideal for various applications, including materials science, transportation, medical technology, energy, and fundamental physics. The governing partial differential equations are numerically solved by employing a finite volume approach, and the effects of various parameters on the nanofluid flow and thermal characteristics are systematically examined from the simulations based on a self-developed MATLAB code.

Interaction of gyrotactic moment of microorganisms and nanoparticles for magnetized and chemically reactive shear-thinning fluid with stratification phenomenon.

Nanotechnology has gained substantial attention on account of its vast applications in food manufacturing, heat exchanges, electronic cooling systems, medical treatment, coolant processes, energy production, biotechnology, transportation, biochemistry, nuclear reactors, and metrology. Currently, the phenomenon of bioconvection using nanomaterials has found wide industrial and technical implementations. Contemporary nanofluids are a dynamic source for illuminating heat transport systems related to engineering as well as industrial phenomena.

Insights Into Cystic Fibrosis Gene Mutation Frequency, Clinical Findings, and Complications Among Pakistani Patients.

Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder with diverse symptoms. Understanding its genetic basis and prevalence is crucial for effective management and treatment. Objective The study aimed to provide comprehensive insights into the frequency of CF gene mutations, clinical presentations, and complications among the Pakistani population.

Identify successful restrictions in suppressing the early outbreak of COVID-19 in Arizona, United States: Interrupted time series analysis.

COVID-19 was responsible for many deaths and economic losses around the globe since its first case report. Governments implemented a variety of policies to combat the pandemic in order to protect their citizens and save lives. Early in 2020, the first cases were reported in Arizona State and continued to rise until the discovery of the vaccine in 2021.

Evaluation of feasibility phase of adaptive version of locally made bubble continuous positive airway pressure oxygen therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 positive and negative adults with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia.

Background: Bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) oxygen therapy has been shown to be safe and effective in treating children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in Bangladesh. Due to lack of adequate non-invasive ventilatory support during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, we aimed to evaluate whether bCPAP was safe and feasible when adapted for use in adults with similar indications.

Methods: Adults (18-64 years) with severe pneumonia and moderate hypoxaemia (80 to <90% oxygen saturation (SpO) in room air) were provided bCPAP via nasal cannula at a flow rate of 10 litres per minute (l/min) oxygen at 10 centimetres (cm) HO pressure, in two tertiary hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Gene therapies and gene product-based drug candidates for normalizing and preserving tissue functions in animal models of ocular hypertension and glaucoma.

More than 76 million people worldwide are afflicted with the neurodegenerative eye diseases described and grouped together as glaucoma. A common feature amongst the many forms of glaucoma is chronically elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) within the anterior chamber of the eye that physically damages the retina, optic nerve and parts of the brain connected with visual perception. The mediators of the contusing raised IOP responsible for such damage and loss of vision include locally released inflammatory agents, tissue remodeling enzymes and infiltrating immune cells which damage the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and eventually kill a significant number of the RGCs.

Prevalence and impact of long COVID-19 among patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in Bangladesh.

Introduction: Co-prevalence of long-COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is one of the major health challenges of the pandemic worldwide. Studies on long-COVID-19 and associated health outcomes are absent in Bangladesh. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and impact of long-COVID-19 on preexisting diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) on health outcomes among patients in Bangladesh.

Current advances in niosomes applications for drug delivery and cancer treatment.

The advent of nanotechnology has led to an increased interest in nanocarriers as a drug delivery system that is efficient and safe. There have been many studies addressing nano-scale vesicular systems such as liposomes and niosome is a newer generation of vesicular nanocarriers. The niosomes provide a multilamellar carrier for lipophilic and hydrophilic bioactive substances in the self-assembled vesicle, which are composed of non-ionic surfactants in conjunction with cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules.

Thermal analysis of micropolar hybrid nanofluid inspired by 3D stretchable surface in porous media.

: the study of highly advanced hybrid nanofluids has aroused the interest of academics and engineers, particularly those working in the fields of chemical and applied thermal engineering. The improved properties of hybrid nanoliquids are superior to those of earlier classes of nanofluids (which are simply referred to as nanofluids). Therefore, it is essential to report on the process of analyzing nanofluids by passing them through elastic surfaces, as this is a typical practice in engineering and industrial applications.

Measurement of the top quark mass using a profile likelihood approach with the lepton + jets final states in proton-proton collisions at .

The mass of the top quark is measured in 36.3 of LHC proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at . The measurement uses a sample of top quark pair candidate events containing one isolated electron or muon and at least four jets in the final state.

Ecofriendly Synthesis of Magnetic Composites Loaded on Rice Husks for Acid Blue 25 Decontamination: Adsorption Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Isotherms.

Addressing the growing need for methods for ecofriendly dye removal from aqueous media, this study explores the potential of rice husks coated with iron oxide (FeO@RH composites) for efficient Acid Blue 25 decontamination. The adsorption potential of Acid Blue 25 is analyzed using raw rice husks and FeO nanoparticles in the literature, but their enhanced removal capacity by means of FeO@RH composites is reported for the first time in this study. FeO@RH composites were analyzed by using analytical techniques such as TGA, SEM, FTIR, BET, and the point of zero charge (pH).

White blood cell image analysis for infection detection based on virtual hexagonal trellis (VHT) by using deep learning.

White blood cells (WBCs) are an indispensable constituent of the immune system. Efficient and accurate categorization of WBC is a critical task for disease diagnosis by medical experts. This categorization helps in the correct identification of medical problems.

A search for decays of the Higgs boson to invisible particles in events with a top-antitop quark pair or a vector boson in proton-proton collisions at .

A search for decays to invisible particles of Higgs bosons produced in association with a top-antitop quark pair or a vector boson, which both decay to a fully hadronic final state, has been performed using proton-proton collision data collected at by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138. The 95% confidence level upper limit set on the branching fraction of the 125 Higgs boson to invisible particles, , is 0.54 (0.

2D-2D Nanoheterostructure of an Exposed {001}-Facet CuO and MoS Based Bifunctional Catalyst Showing Excellent Surface Chemistry and Conductivity for Cathodic CO Reduction.

A novel CuO-MoS based heterostructure catalyst model system is proposed where a CuO nanosheet with exposed {001} facet with proper termination is the active surface for the catalysis and a MoS nanosheet is the supporting layer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to validate the model. The MoS bilayer forms a stable heterostructure with {001} faceted CuO with different terminations exposing oxygen and copper atoms (active sites) on the surface.

Investigation of the Release Rate of Biocide and Corrosion Resistance of Vinyl-, Acrylic-, and Epoxy-Based Antifouling Paints on Steel in Marine Infrastructures.

This study comprehensively assesses the release rate of biocides, corrosion effects related to antifouling, and the physical properties of different paint types. Tests were conducted to measure thickness, viscosity, hardness, bending, adhesion, gloss, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, scratch resistance, polarization, and salt spray. The paints evaluated include resin-based, acrylic-based, epoxy-based, and vinyl-based formulations.

Gastrointestinal tract disorders classification using ensemble of InceptionNet and proposed GITNet based deep feature with ant colony optimization.

Computer-aided classification of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has become a crucial area of research. Medical science and artificial intelligence have helped medical experts find GIT diseases through endoscopic procedures. Wired endoscopy is a controlled procedure that helps the medical expert in disease diagnosis.

Deposition and water repelling of temperature-responsive nanopesticides on leaves.

Pesticides are widely used to increase agricultural productivity, however, weak adhesion and deposition lead to low efficient utilization. Herein, we prepare a nanopesticide formulation (tebuconazole nanopesticides) which is leaf-adhesive, and water-dispersed via a rapid nanoparticle precipitation method, flash nanoprecipitation, using temperature-responsive copolymers poly-(2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethylacrylate)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) as the carrier. Compared with commercial suspensions, the encapsulation by the polymer improves the deposition of TEB, and the contact angle on foliage is lowered by 40.

Numerical thermal study of ternary nanofluid influenced by thermal radiation towards convectively heated sinusoidal cylinder.

Applications: The heat transfer remains a huge problem for industrialists and engineers because many production processes required considerable amount of heat to finish the process successfully. Although, conventional fluids have large scale industrial applications but unable to provide huge amount of heat transfer. Therefore, the study is organized to propose a new ternary heat transfer model using different physical constraints.

Molecular epidemiology, transmission and clinical features of 2022-mpox outbreak: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: The 2022-mpox outbreak has spread worldwide in a short time. Integrated knowledge of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and transmission of mpox are limited. This systematic review of peer-reviewed articles and gray literature was conducted to shed light on the epidemiology, clinical features, and transmission of 2022-mpox outbreak.

Fabrication of green composite hand knitted silk mesh reinforced with silk hydrogel.

Soft tissue defects like hernia and post-surgical fistula formation can be resolved with modern biomaterials in the form of meshes without post-operative complications. In the present study hand knitted silk meshes were surface coated with regenerated silk fibroin hydrogel and pure natural extracts. Two phytochemicals (Licorice extract (LE) and Bearberry extract (BE)) and the two honeybee products (royal jelly (RJ) and honey (HE)) were incorporated separately to induce antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing ability to the silk hydrogel coated knitted silk meshes.