The Novel Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonist DA-CH5 Is Superior to Single GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in the MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease for which there is no cure. In a clinical trial, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exendin-4 has shown good protective effects in PD patients. The hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has also shown protective effects in animal models of PD.

miR-758-5p regulates cholesterol uptake via targeting the CD36 3'UTR.

miR-758-3p plays an important role via regulting ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of miR-758-5p in cholesterol metabolism is still unclear. Here, we revealed that miR-758-5p decreased total cholesterol accumulation in THP-1 macrophage derived foam cells through markedly reducing cholesterol uptake, and no effect on the cholesterol efflux.

D-Ala2-GIP-glu-PAL is neuroprotective in a chronic Parkinson's disease mouse model and increases BNDF expression while reducing neuroinflammation and lipid peroxidation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, treatment to improve insulin resistance in T2DM may be useful for PD patients. Glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a member of the incretin hormone family that can promote insulin release and improve insulin resistance.

MicroRNA-101 reverses temozolomide resistance by inhibition of GSK3β in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a chemotherapy-resistant brain tumor with limited treatment options. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is a front-line chemotherapeutic drug currently employed in GBM. Although it is currently the most promising chemotherapy for GBM, resistance to TMZ is also common and accounts for many treatment failures.

[Reversal Effect of Dihydromyricetin on Drug Resistance of K562/A02 Cell Line to Adriamycin].

Objective: To investigate the reversal effect of dihydromyricetin(DMY) on drug resistance of K562/A02 cells to adriamycin and explore its possible mechanism.

Methods: K562 and K562/A02 cells were treated with DMY (5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/L) and ADM (100-0.05 mg/L) for 48 h.

Therapeutic Potential of Genipin in Central Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Central neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are one of the biggest health problems worldwide. Currently, there is no cure for these diseases. The Gardenia jasminoides fruit is a common herbal medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and a variety of preparations are used as treatments for central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Qualitative analysis of major constituents from Xue Fu Zhu Yu Decoction using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Xue Fu Zhu Yu Decoction, a famous formula that has been used for treating many blood stasis-caused diseases for many centuries, comprises 11 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines. A convenient, efficient, and rapid analytical method was developed to simultaneously determine the major compounds in this decoction. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was used to rapidly separate and detect the major constituents of the decoction.

[Gly14]-Humanin Protects Against Amyloid β Peptide-Induced Impairment of Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats.

Alzheimer disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by cognitive decline and the accumulation of senile plaques in the brain. Amyloid β protein (Aβ) in the plaques is thought to be responsible for the memory loss in AD patients. [Gly14]-humanin (HNG), a derivative of humanin (HN), has much stronger neuroprotective effects than natural HN in vitro.

[Analysis of self-management education on improving the symptoms of female college students with primary dysmenorrhea in Shaoyang].

Objective: To explore the effect of self-management education on improving symptoms of female college students with primary dysmenorrhea and the health-related quality of life.


Methods: Female students with primary dysmenorrhea were chosen for the questionnaire in two colleges at Shaoyang. The female students were assigned to an interventional group and a control group.

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway.

Neuroinflammation is central to the pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZY) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine to treat TBI. To elucidate its potential molecular mechanism, this study aimed to demonstrate that XFZY functions as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.

Capillary electrophoresis with end-column electrochemiluminescence for ultrasensitive determination of urapidil hydrochloride in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetics study.

A simple, sensitive and selective method for determination of urapidil hydrochloride was developed using capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence (CE-ECL) technique for the first time. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the ECL intensity was linear with the concentration of urapidil hydrochloride in the range from 0.050 to 50.

miR-125b Suppresses Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting MCL1 in Gastric Cancer.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer progression contributes to the development of novel targeted therapies. In this study, we found that the expression levels of miR-125b were strongly downregulated in gastric cancer and associated with clinical stage and the presence of lymph node metastases. Additionally, miR-125b could independently predict OS and DFS in gastric cancer.

Neuroprotective effects of a GIP analogue in the MPTP Parkinson's disease mouse model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, and there is no cure for it at present. Recent research has indicated a link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and PD, which suggested that a treatment to improve insulin resistance for T2DM may be useful for PD patients. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) belongs to the incretin hormone family, which can promote insulin release and improve insulin resistance.

In vitro subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics induce macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the inducing effect of subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) resistance to drugs.

Materials And Methods: One M.

The relationship between chitotriosidase activity and tuberculosis.

Chitotriosidase, secreted by activated macrophages, is a biomarker of activated macrophages. In this study, we explored whether chitotriosidase could be adopted as a biomarker to evaluate the curative effect on tuberculosis (TB). Five counties were randomly selected out of 122 counties/cities/districts in Hunan Province, China.

Expressions of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-induced Protein 3 and Mammary Serine Protease Inhibitor in Radiotherapy of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Objective: To study the expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3) and mammary serine protease inhibitor (Maspin) in the radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and explore the differences in radiosensitivity and radioresistance,the relation with the occurrence and development of radioresistance.

Methods: The TNFAIP3 and Maspin mRNA expressions were detected by using TNFAIP3 and Maspin multi-point labeled DIG probes in situ hybridization.

Results: In radiosensitivity and radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the moderately and strongly positive TNFAIP3 mRNA expression rates were 27.

Impact of tea drinking upon tuberculosis: a neglected issue.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health issue posing serious harm to the human health. Many studies have suggested that smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are risk factors for TB. Laboratory evidence suggests that EGCG in tea leaves can arrest the growth of tubercle bacillus.

Impact of MBL and MASP-2 gene polymorphism and its interaction on susceptibility to tuberculosis.

Background: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and MBL-associated serine proteases 2 (MASP-2) are important proteins in the lectin pathway of the immune system. Polymorphism of MBL and MASP-2 genes may affect the serum concentration of MBL and MASP-2. This study explores the association between MBL and MASP-2 gene polymorphism and their interactions and the susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB).

[Influence of superfine grinding technology on extracting flavones from plantain].

Objective: To study the influence of superfine grinding technology on extracting flavones from plantain and explore its optimum extraction technology.

Methods: Ultrasonic technology was used to extract the flavones in superfine grinding plantain, the content of flavone glycosides was determined by RP-HPLC.

Results: The optimum technology was as follows: the concentration of ethanol was 60%, temperature was 60 degrees C, solid-liquid ratio (g:mL) was 1:20 and extraction time was 20 min.

Neopterin negatively regulates expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 by the LXRα signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.

To investigate the effects of neopterin on ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, and to explore the role of the liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) involved. In the present study, THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with ox-LDL to become foam cells. The protein and mRNA expression were examined by Western blot assays and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.

Determination of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde of crude and processed Fructus Corni in freely moving rats using in vivo microdialysis sampling and liquid chromatography.

Background: Fructus Corni is derived from the dry ripe sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF) is an important active composition of the Fructus Corni.

Simultaneous determination of geniposide, chlorogenic acid, crocin1, and rutin in crude and processed Fructus Gardeniae extracts by high performance liquid chromatography.

Background: Fructus Gardeniae, commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) called Zhizi in chinese, is derived from the dried fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis of the Madder Family. To our knowledge, previously reported analytical methods were not developing for simultaneous determination of geniposide, chlorogenic acid, crocin1, and rutin in Fructus Gardeniae and its processed products of chaozheng pin (CZP) extracts.

Materials And Methods: In this study, a HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination four major active components in Fructus Gardeniae and its processed products.

[The role of iron and hepcidin in hepatic fibrosis].

Liver iron overload can be found in a number of different chronic liver diseases. Iron is proposed to play a role in promoting hepatic fibrosis by various mechanisms, including iron-catalyzed production of free radical and lipid peroxidation, alteration of essential biomolecules, triggering cell apoptosis and necrosis, and activation and transformation of the hepatic stellate cell into a myofibroblastic cell. Recent evidences demonstrate that the decrease of hepcidin, a 25-amino acid peptide produced by the hepatocytes, may play a significant role in promoting hepatic iron overload in various chronic liver diseases.

Luteolin prevents LPS-induced TNF-α expression in cardiac myocytes through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.

Luteolin, a plant flavonoid, has been shown to suppress inflammatory responses; however, the mechanism of luteolin on cardiac myocyte inflammation is still unknown. Because tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), an inflammatory cytokine, is elevated in the failing heart and exerts multiple potentially harmful effects on cardiac myocytes, we therefore sought to examine the effects of luteolin on the expression of TNF-α in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. In the present study, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time PCR, immunoblot, immunochemistry staining, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were performed.

Diaqua-bis-(3-nitro-benzoato-κO)bis-[1H-5-(3-pyrid-yl)-3-(4-pyrid-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κN]cobalt(II) dihydrate.

In the centrosymmetric title compound, [Co(C(7)H(4)NO(4))(2)(C(12)H(9)N(5))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O, the Co(II) atom, located on an inversion center, is coordinated by two N atoms [Co-N = 2.155 (3) Å] and four O atoms [Co-O = 2.099 (2)-2.