Elucidating the role of gut microbiota metabolites in diabetes by employing network pharmacology.

Background: Extensive research has underscored the criticality of preserving diversity and equilibrium within the gut microbiota for optimal human health. However, the precise mechanisms by which the metabolites and targets of the gut microbiota exert their effects remain largely unexplored. This study utilizes a network pharmacology methodology to elucidate the intricate interplay between the microbiota, metabolites, and targets in the context of DM, thereby facilitating a more comprehensive comprehension of this multifaceted disease.

Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and type1/type2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by a complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway, along with hypoxemia, microarousals, and sleep fragmentation. Compelling evidence has clarified a bidirectional correlation between OSA and diabetes mellitus (DM). This paper was to assess the link between OSA and DM via meta-analysis, consisting of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Is cloudy peritoneal dialysate associated with adverse drug reactions to benidipine?

Cloudiness in peritoneal dialysate is a key clinical indicator of peritonitis. However, distinguishing between turbidity caused by peritonitis and that induced by drug administration can be challenging. To better understand this phenomenon, data were collected between April 2020 and March 2023 from 287 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients undergoing benidipine-controlled blood pressure management in our PD center.

EZH2 elicits CD8 T-cell desert in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing CXCL9 and dendritic cells.

CD8 T cell spatial distribution in the context of tumor microenvironment (TME) dictates the immunophenotypes of tumors, comprised of immune-infiltrated, immune-excluded and immune-desert, discriminating "hot" from "cold" tumors. The infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 T cells is associated with favorable therapeutic response. Hitherto, the immunophenotypes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not yet been comprehensively delineated.

Alternative polyadenylation in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and clinical application.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) serves as a crucial mechanism for the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression and influences gene expression by generating diverse mRNA isoforms. This process is regulated by a diverse array of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which selectively bind to specific sequences or structures within the pre-mRNA molecule. Dysregulation of APA and its associated RBPs has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, nervous system disease, and cancer.

The prognosis and treatment consideration for non-small cell lung carcinoma patients with tumor size of >2.0-3.0 cm and visceral pleural invasion: a SEER-based study.

Background: Lung cancer is the most prevailing oncological disease worldwide. Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) has been proven to be a poor prognosis factor for early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. However, there remains some debate regarding whether NSCLC patients with tumor size (TS) ranging from >2.

Composite dietary antioxidant index mediates the effect of epilepsy on psychiatric disorders: results from NHANES 2013-2018.

Background: Psychiatric disorders is a major public health problem and epilepsy contributes significantly to depression. We aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and mental illness in patients with epilepsy.

Methods: The data presented here are based on the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Pathway analysis of the impact of family function and self-efficacy on depression and anxiety in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

Background: Patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) experience significant psychological distress due to infertility, with depression and anxiety being the most common manifestations. This study investigates the influence of family support and self-efficacy on the mental health of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The aim is to assess the direct and indirect effects of family function and self-efficacy on depression and anxiety in IVF-ET patients through pathway analyses, thereby providing novel insights for improving patients' psychological well-being.

Comparative effectiveness of different interventions on adherence to exercise-based CR among patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Exercise-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation is critical for post-PCI patients, but adherence to exercise-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation remains low. Many studies aimed at improving adherence have been conducted in recent years, but the most effective interventions remain unclear. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and ranks of various interventions in enhancing adherence to exercise-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation for post-PCI patients.

NIR-715 photodynamic therapy induces immunogenic cancer cell death by enhancing the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.

Effectively interfering with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function in tumor cells and simultaneously activating an anti-tumor immune microenvironment to attack the tumor cells are promising strategies for cancer treatment. However, precise ER-stress induction is still a huge challenge. In this study, we synthesized a near-infrared (NIR) probe, NIR-715, which induces tumor cell death and inhibits tumor growth without causing apparent side effects.

PAK2 as a therapeutic target in cancer: Mechanisms, challenges, and future perspectives.

P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are crucial regulators within cellular signaling pathways and have been implicated in a range of human diseases, including cancer. Among the PAK family, PAK2 is widely expressed across various tissues and has emerged as a significant driver of cancer progression. However, systematic studies on PAK2 remain limited.

A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of N-acetyltransferase 8 like in human cancer.

Background: N-Acetyltransferase 8 Like (NAT8L) inhibits natural killer (NK)/T-cell cytotoxicity by impairing the formation of the immunological synapse via N-acetylaspartate (NAA). Existing research has predominantly focused on the metabolic functions of NAT8L, particularly in adipose tissues and myelination in the brain. However, in contrast to other N-acetyltransferases such as NAT1 and NAT2, the role of NAT8L in cancer has been less extensively studied.

[The effectiveness of CT-MRI image fusion technology in the preoperative assessment of middle ear cholesteatoma].

To evaluate the effectiveness of CT-MRI image fusion technology in the preoperative assessment of middle ear cholesteatoma. The clinical data of patients with middle ear cholesteatoma who underwent surgery at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from September 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative CT and MRI of the patients were automatically fused using the open-source software 3D Slicer, followed by 3D reconstruction of the fused inner ear structures.

Benchmarking the performance of large language models in uveitis: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini, and Anthropic Claude3.

Background/objective: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability of responses generated by various Large Language Models (LLMs) (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, Claude 3, and GPT-4.0) in the clinical context of uveitis, utilizing a meticulous grading methodology.

Exploring the Prevalence and Etiological Factors of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Cosmetic Surgery Populations: Implications for Enhanced Clinical Assessment.

Background: The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) varies across different clinical settings, with evidence indicating its notable presence not only in psychiatric environments but also in dermatology and plastic surgery. This article aims to investigate the etiological factors associated with the elevated incidence of BDD in plastic surgery outpatient settings, with the ultimate objective of enhancing the assessment process for potential cosmetic procedure candidates.

Methods: We recruited 531 patients seeking consultations or surgeries at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, from October 2022 to February 2024.

MR perfusion characteristics of pseudoprogression in brain tumors treated with immunotherapy - a comparative study with chemo-radiation induced pseudoprogression and radiation necrosis.

Purpose: Pseudoprogression is an atypical imaging pattern of response to immunotherapy in patients with brain tumors. MR perfusion studies in this field are limited. The purpose of our study is to compare the perfusion features between pseudoprogression lesions in malignant gliomas and brain metastases treated with immunotherapy (iPsP) and the pseudoprogression after chemo-radiation therapy and radiation necrosis after radiation treatment (ChR-PsP & RN).

Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, often resulting in functional deterioration and withdrawal from therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated immunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects in various models. This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of MSCs therapy in animal models of peritoneal fibrosis.

How to balance the live birth rate and the multiple pregnancy rate by selecting the cleavage-stage embryo number and quality for POSEIDON Group 1 and Group 2? A retrospective study.

Purpose: For unexpected low-prognosis patients (Group 1 and Group 2) defined by POSEIDON criteria, how to maximize the live birth rate while controlling the multiple birth rate by tailoring the embryo transfer number and quality?

Methods: This was a retrospective study, including patients from Poseidon Group 1 (N = 672) and Group 2 (N = 503) who underwent cleavage-stage embryo transfer. Logistic regression was used for the comparative analysis of clinical outcomes among subgroups divided by the number and quality of embryos.

Results: For Group 1, compared to transferring a single good-quality embryo (GQE), a good-quality embryo with a poor-quality embryo (GQE + PQE) did not significantly improve the live birth rate, although increasing in value (40.

Narrative review of methodological advances in human milk fortification: for better preterm infant growth.

It is generally suggested that human milk alone might not be enough to meet the nutritional requirements of very preterm infants, necessitating the use of nutritional fortification. The composition of human milk varies among individuals and changes over time, challenging the assumption that protein content and energy density remain constant during standard fortification. Consequently, it has led to suboptimal body growth rates in most very preterm infants compared to fetuses of the same gestational age.

Decidualization-associated recruitment of cytotoxic memory CD8T cells to the maternal-fetal interface for immune defense.

Decidual CD8T (dCD8T) cells are pivotal in the maintenance of the delicate balance between immune tolerance towards the fetus and immune resistance against pathogens. The endometrium and decidua represent uterine environments before and during pregnancy, respectively, and the composition and phenotypic alterations of uterine CD8T cells in these tissues remain unclear. Using flow cytometry and analysis of transcriptome profiles, we demonstrated that human dCD8T and endometrial CD8T (eCD8T) cells exhibited similar T cell differentiation statuses and phenotypes of tissue infiltrating or residency, compared to peripheral CD8T (pCD8T) cells.