Mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal flora disorders, dysfunction and organ damage in broilers and pigs.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common environmental contaminant that causes food refusal and growth retardation in animals. DON targets the intestine and is hazardous to animal, however, it is not clear whether its effect on animals is consistent. Chickens and pigs are the two main animals affected by DON exposure with different susceptibilities.

Bifidobacterium as a Potential Biomarker of Sarcopenia in Elderly Women.

Gut microbial dysbiosis influences the development of sarcopenia. This case-control study explored the gut microbiota composition in elderly Chinese women with sarcopenia. The information from 50 cases and 50 controls was collected.

A pan-sarbecovirus vaccine based on RBD of SARS-CoV-2 original strain elicits potent neutralizing antibodies against XBB in non-human primates.

The recently emerged Omicron subvariants XBB and BQ.1.1 have presented striking immune evasion against most monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and convalescent plasma.

In vitro eye irritation testing models may play pivotal role in effort to pursue mild baby cleansers.

In recent years, mild baby cleansers have experienced ever-growing demand from caregivers. In the meantime, formulation developers are in practical need for a method(s) to screen mild formulations. In the present study, we aim to repurpose the HET-CAM and SkinEthic™ models to further classify in vivo nonirritant baby cleansing formulations into mild and less mild categories.

Lipidomic Analysis of Hand Skin Surface Lipids Reveals Smoking-Related Skin Changes.

Smoking contributes to the formation of skin wrinkles and reduces skin function, but the mechanism is not yet fully proven. This study aims to compare and analyze the effects of smoking on skin lipids and to further investigate the harmful effects of smoking on the skin. A total of 40 subjects (20 male smokers and 20 healthy control males) were recruited for this study.

Diagnosis and Treatment Pathway of MDR/RR-TB in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

This study aims to understand MDR/RR-TB patients' experience from seeking TB-related health care to diagnosis and treatment completion, as well as the social determinants with the waiting time for DST and treatment, pre-treatment attrition, and treatment outcome based on a retrospective cohort study. Univariate and multi-variate logistic regressions were used to analyze the associated factors. The median time of waiting time for DST and treatment was 24.

Anxiety prevalence and its association with physical activity in patients with non-communicable diseases during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China.

Background: Quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have created great psychological stress among vulnerable populations. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and explore the association between physical activities (PA) and anxiety risk in people with non-communicable diseases during the period of COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey from February 25 to April 20, 2020, the period of COVID-19 lockdown in Shanghai.

Relative Validity and Reproducibility of Dietary Measurements Assessed by a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire among Chinese Healthy Adults.

This study aimed to evaluate the relative validity and reproducibility of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) in adult populations in China. Among the 49 recruited healthy participants (age range: 20-60 years), the relative validity of a 79-item SFFQ was assessed in two ways: (1) by comparing its dietary intake estimates with those from the average measurements of three inconsecutive 24 h dietary records (24-HDRs); and (2) by comparing its estimates of dietary fatty acids with the measured plasma levels of fatty acids. The reproducibility of the SFFQ was evaluated by a comparison of two SFFQ measurements from the same participants collected one year apart.

Structural characterization and antinociceptive activity of polysaccharides from Anoectochilus elatus.

Anoectochilus elatus is a new record species from Yunnan province in China discovered by our group in 2018, used in folk as the most popular Anoectochilus species A. roxburghii for medicinal and culinary purposes. The crude polysaccharide of Anoectochilus elatus (AEP) exhibited significant antinociceptive effects against both chemical and thermal nociception in vivo.

Evaluation of health system resilience in 60 countries based on their responses to COVID-19.

Introduction: In 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic swept the world, and many national health systems faced serious challenges. To improve future public health responses, it's necessary to evaluate the performance of each country's health system.

Methods: We developed a resilience evaluation system for national health systems based on their responses to COVID-19 using four resilience dimensions: government governance and prevention, health financing, health service provision, and health workers.

Geography shapes the genomics and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis isolated from humans.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella has been a long-standing challenge in public health and food safety. The prevalence of MDR S. Enteritidis, especially isolated from humans, in China is significantly higher than those from the U.

Genomic Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden Associated with Human Diarrhea.

Salmonella Weltevreden is an emerging pathogen associated with human diarrhea, and knowledge of the genomics and epidemiology of this serovar is still limited. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 96 Weltevreden isolates recovered from diarrheal patients and 62 isolates from food animals in China between 2006 and 2017. Together, with an additional 199 genome sequences of .

The prevalence and risk factors of work related musculoskeletal disorders among electronics manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional analytical study in China.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal disorders among workers in the electronics manufacturing industry and to investigate the relations between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and work-related variables.

Methods: An interview-based questionnaire survey was carried out in thirty electronics manufacturing factories in China in 2018. The prevalence of WMSDs was estimated using the modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).

Vaccine Uptake to Prevent Meningitis and Encephalitis in Shanghai, China.

Multiple vaccines may prevent meningitis and encephalitis (M/E). In China, the meningococcal vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JEV) have been included in the expanded program of immunization (EPI). The pneumococcal vaccine, type b (Hib) vaccine, rotavirus vaccine, and enterovirus 71 (EV-71) vaccine are non-EPI vaccines and are self-paid.

Increased Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules Across Nearly 10 Years in Shanghai, China.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TNs) increased due to modern lifestyles or other factors, despite the advances in screening and diagnostic tools.

Methods: This study included 3474 pairs of participants, who were matched by gender and age (±3 years) from two cross-sectional sampling surveys: (1) the program on the iodine nutritional status and related health status of residents in Shanghai in 2009; (2) the thyroid disease screening program for adults in Shanghai between 2017 and 2018. The prevalence of TNs and thyroid diseases in 2009 and 2017-2018 were compared, and the potential risk factors of TNs were detected.

Prenatal perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and neurodevelopment in toddlers: Findings from SMBCS.

Background: Prenatal perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure has been reported to affect offspring neurodevelopment, while epidemiological evidences were limited and inconsistent.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the associations between cord serum PFAS concentrations and neurodevelopment in toddlers from 1 to 3 years of age.

Methods: A total of 716 children from Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study (SMBCS) were included in this study.

Optimizing national border reopening policies in the COVID-19 pandemic: A modeling study.

Objective: After emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent restrictions, countries worldwide have sought to reopen as quickly as possible. However, reopening involves the risk of epidemic rebound. In this study, we investigated the effective policy combination to ensure safe reopen.

Percent Body Fat-Related Disparities of Serum Ferritin on the Risk of Lipid Metabolism Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents.

Objective: This study examined the association between serum ferritin and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with different degrees of obesity.

Method: In this multi-stage, stratified, randomized, sampling cross-section cohort study, demographic data were collected by questionnaire from 4320 children and adolescents (aged 6-17 years) in Shanghai, China. Anthropometric measures and percent body fat (PBF) were recorded.

Molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistance-related Pfk13 and pfcrt polymorphisms in imported Plasmodium falciparum isolates reported in eastern China from 2015 to 2019.

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been recommended as the first-line treatment by the World Health Organization to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the emergence and spread of P. falciparum resistant to artemisinins and their partner drugs is a significant risk for the global effort to reduce disease burden facing the world.

Impact of the Complexity of Glucose Time Series on All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: Previous studies suggest that the complexity of glucose time series may serve as a novel marker of glucose homeostasis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the complexity of glucose time series and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Prospective data of 6000 adult inpatients with type 2 diabetes from a single center were analyzed.

[A prospective cohort study on the association between grip strength and cognitive function in adults aged 50 years and above].

To evaluate the association between grip strength (GS) and cognitive function in a population-based longitudinal cohort of Chinese adults aged ≥50 years. The study population of 3 600 adults was from the baseline survey and two rounds of follow up of World Health Organization (WHO) study of global ageing and adult health (SAGE) in five districts of Shanghai (Hongkou, Huangpu, Minhang, Qingpu and Pudong) after excluding individuals with self-report stroke and depression. The effects of baseline GS on cognitive function and its changes were evaluated.

A Shigella sonnei clone with extensive drug resistance associated with waterborne outbreaks in China.

Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella sonnei has become a global concern. Here, we report a phylogenetic group of S. sonnei with extensive drug resistance, including a combination of multidrug resistance, coresistance to ceftriaxone and azithromycin (cefazi), reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, and even colistin resistance (col).