Downregulation of RhoA/ROCK1/YAP/F-actin causing decreased aortic smooth muscle cell stiffness promotes aortic dissection formation.

Downregulated RhoA/ROCK1/YAP/F-actin axis leads to decreased AoSMC stiffness and promotes AD formation.

Altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and functional connectivity in patients with acute unilateral vestibulopathy: a resting-state fMRI study.

Objective: To investigate changes of brain functional activity in patients with acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods: We studied 32 AUVP patients and 30 healthy controls (HC) who received resting-state fMRI scanning. Methods of voxel-based amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) were adopted to compare the difference in brain function between the two groups.

Oral microbiota in aging and diseases.

Human microbiomes are microbial populations that form a symbiotic relationship with humans. There are up to 1000 species on the surface of human skin and mucosal system, among which gut microbiota attracts the most interest. As the beginning of the digestive tract, oral cavity is also an important microbial habitat in the human body which is the first line of defense against pathogens entering the body.

Regulatory cellular and molecular networks in the bone microenvironment during aging.

Age-induced abnormalities in bone metabolism disrupt the equilibrium between bone resorption and formation. This largely stems from disturbances in bone homeostasis, in which signaling pathways exert a significant regulatory influence. Aging compromises the functionality of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), ultimately resulting in tissue dysfunction and pathological aging.

Comparison of safety and effectiveness of medical adhesive and metal spring coil in preoperative localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules.

Background: Accurate preoperative positioning is the key to the success of thoracoscopic surgery for small pulmonary nodules. There are many methods for locating pulmonary nodules in clinical practice, but there are currently few research reports on the value of medical adhesive localization.

Objective: To compare the clinical value of two positioning methods, medical adhesive and metal spring coil, in the preoperative application of VATS through retrospective analysis.

Prognostic value of atherogenic index of plasma in pulmonary hypertension.

Background: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a brand-new lipid parameter that has been used to assess various cardiovascular events. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of AIP in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Renji Hospital, and included data from 125 PH patients treated during 2014-2018.

Nonnegligible cascading impacts of global urban expansion on net primary productivity.

Accelerated global urban expansion not only directly occupies surrounding ecosystems, but also induces cascading losses of natural vegetation elsewhere through cropland displacement. Yet, how such effects alter the net primary productivity (NPP) worldwide remains unclear. Here, we quantified the direct and cascading impacts of global urban expansion on terrestrial NPP from 1992 to 2020 and projected the impacts under the shared socioeconomic pathways framework by 2100.

Metabolic Fingerprint of Dual Body Fluids Deciphers Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes, affecting 34.6% of diabetes patients worldwide. Early detection and timely treatment can effectively improve the prognosis of DR.

Decreasing the aggregation of photosensitizers to facilitate energy transfer for improved photodynamic therapy.

The mode of energy transfer between photosensitizers and oxygen determines the yield of singlet oxygen (O), crucial for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the aggregation of photosensitizers promotes electron transfer while inhibiting pure energy transfer, resulting in the generation of the hypotoxic superoxide anion (O) and consumption of substantial oxygen. Herein, we achieve the reduction of the aggregation of photosensitizers to inhibit electron transfer through classical chemical crosslinking, thereby boosting the production of O.

Elucidating Mesostructural Effects on Thermal Conductivity for Enhanced Insulation Applications.

Thermal management is a key link in improving energy utilization and preparing insulation materials with excellent performance is the core technological issue. Complex and irregular pore structures of insulation materials hinder the exploration of structure-property relationships and the further promotion of material performance. Ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) is a kind of porous material with ordered frameworks.

Hip-spine syndrome from the perspective of radiology: correlations between hip joint disease and lumbar spine MRI findings.

Background: Hip joint (HJ) pain, which may be caused by lumbar disease, is a common complaint.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and specific correlations between various HJ diseases and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with HJ pain.

Material And Methods: Patients with the chief complaint of HJ pain who had both HJ MRI and lumbar MRI were retrospectively included.

Dual-Ligand Assisted Anisotropic Assembly for the Construction of NIR-II Light-Propelled Mesoporous Nanomotors.

The advent of autonomous nanomotors presents exciting opportunities for nanodrug delivery. However, significant potential remains for enhancing the asymmetry of nanomotors and advancing the development of second near-infrared (NIR-II) light-propelled nanomotors capable of operating within deep tissues. Herein, we developed a dual-ligand assisted anisotropic assembly strategy that enables precise regulation of the interfacial energy between selenium (Se) nanoparticle and periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO).

PGD2/PTGDR2 Signaling Affects the Stemness of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells by Regulating Autophagy.

Background: Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) can inhibit the development of gastric cancer (GC); however, its role in the autophagic death of GC stem cells (GCSCs) remains elusive. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the mechanisms by which PGD2 regulates the stemness in GCSCs.

Methods: In this study, HGC27-derived GCSCs were employed to knock down PGD2 receptor 2 (PTGDR2).

The Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Photochromic and Mechanochromic Functional Fibers.

Mechanically responsive polymer materials have garnered significant interest due to their unique ability to respond to external forces, leading to groundbreaking applications in visual stress mapping and damage detection. However, their use in fibers remains relatively unexplored. In this study, a mechanoresponsive polymer is synthesized by incorporating a spiropyran (SP) mechanophore into a polyurethane backbone.

Association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity trajectories and academic achievement in Chinese primary school children: a 3-year longitudinal study.

Background: Past cross-sectional studies have reported a positive association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and academic achievement in children and adolescents. Despite this, the influence of variations in MVPA over time on academic achievement remains yet to be definitively understood. Therefore, this study aims to track the patterns of MVPA and examine how they are associated with academic achievement over a three-year period among Chinese primary school students.

DLAT is involved in ovarian cancer progression by modulating lipid metabolism through the JAK2/STAT5A/SREBP1 signaling pathway.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a lethal gynecological malignancy with an alarming mortality rate, primarily attributed to delayed diagnosis and a lack of effective treatment modalities. Accumulated evidence highlights the pivotal role of reprogrammed lipid metabolism in fueling OC progression, however, the intricate underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated.

Methods: DLAT expression was assessed in OC tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry, western blot and qRT-PCR analysis.

Cough recognition in pneumoconiosis patients based on a flexible patch with an embedded ACC sensor for remote monitoring.

Background: Many respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis require to close monitor the symptoms such as abnormal respiration and cough. This study introduces an automated, nonintrusive method for detecting cough events in clinical settings using a flexible chest patch with tri-axial acceleration sensors.

Methods: Twenty-five young healthy persons (hereinafter referred to as healthy adults) and twenty-five clinically diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients (hereinafter referred to as patients) participated in the experiment by wearing a flexible chest patch with an embedded ACC sensor.

Association between interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal outcomes according to maternal age in the context of China's two-child policy.

Background: Since the implementation of China's comprehensive two-child policy, the prevalence of long interpregnancy intervals (IPI) and advanced maternal age has increased. However, previous studies in China have mostly focused on the relationship between short IPIs and adverse perinatal outcomes, while neglecting maternal age as a potential confounder.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 23,899 pregnant women who delivered between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 at Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital and West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University.

Associations of sedentary time, sleep duration and physical exercise with multimorbidity among older adults in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study based on national physical fitness surveillance data.

Background: Multimorbidity has emerged as a significant challenge for healthcare systems globally. This study aims to examine the associations between key determinants of lifestyle behavior and various multimorbidity patterns.

Methods: In a cross-sectional sample of older adults (aged 60-79) from the Fifth National Physical Fitness Surveillance in Shanghai, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify multimorbidity patterns among 9 chronic diseases.

Ce1-xMnxVO4 with Improved Activity for Low-Temperature Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3.

Novel Ce1-xMnxVO4 catalysts prepared via modified hydrothermal synthesis were used in selective catalytic reduction of NO using NH3 (NH3-SCR). The Ce1-xMnxVO4 catalysts displayed optimum NO removal efficiency at 250 oC. Physicochemical properties including crystal type, morphology, particle size, elemental composition, BET surface area, chemical bond, and valence state were studied by XRD, TEM, EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS.

Kdm2a inhibition in skeletal muscle improves metabolic flexibility in obesity.

Skeletal muscle is a critical organ in maintaining homoeostasis against metabolic stress, and histone post-translational modifications are pivotal in those processes. However, the intricate nature of histone methylation in skeletal muscle and its impact on metabolic homoeostasis have yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that mitochondria-rich slow-twitch myofibers are characterized by significantly higher levels of H3K36me2 along with repressed expression of Kdm2a, an enzyme that specifically catalyses H3K36me2 demethylation.

Multimodal machine learning enables AI chatbot to diagnose ophthalmic diseases and provide high-quality medical responses.

Chatbot-based multimodal AI holds promise for collecting medical histories and diagnosing ophthalmic diseases using textual and imaging data. This study developed and evaluated the ChatGPT-powered Intelligent Ophthalmic Multimodal Interactive Diagnostic System (IOMIDS) to enable patient self-diagnosis and self-triage. IOMIDS included a text model and three multimodal models (text + slit-lamp, text + smartphone, text + slit-lamp + smartphone).

MAI-TargetFisher: A proteome-wide drug target prediction method synergetically enhanced by artificial intelligence and physical modeling.

Computational target identification plays a pivotal role in the drug development process. With the significant advancements of deep learning methods for protein structure prediction, the structural coverage of human proteome has increased substantially. This progress inspired the development of the first genome-wide small molecule targets scanning method.