Inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms in water by electron beam excitation multi-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation: Efficiency, influence factors and mechanism.

Due to the limitations of traditional ultraviolet (UV) in microbial inactivation in water, it is necessary to explore a more suitable and efficient UV disinfection method. In this study, an electron beam excitation multi-wavelength ultraviolet (EBE-MW-UV) system was established and aims to analyze its differential microbial inactivation capabilities in comparison to single-wavelength UV-LEDs in waterborne applications. Furthermore, the inactivation mechanisms of this system on microorganisms were explored.

Biological treatment processes for saline organic wastewater and related inhibition mechanisms and facilitation techniques: A comprehensive review.

Owing to its profound pollution-inducing properties and resistance to biodegradation, saline organic wastewater (SOW) has unavoidably emerged as a predominant focal point within the wastewater treatment domain. Substantial quantities of SOW are discharged by diverse industries encompassing food processing, pharmaceuticals, leather manufacturing, petrochemicals, and textiles. Within this review, the inhibitory repercussions of elevated salinity upon biological water treatment systems are subject to methodical scrutiny spanning from sludge characteristics, microbial consortia to the physiological functionality of microorganisms have been investigated.

Dynamic characteristics of net anthropogenic phosphorus input to the upper Yangtze River Basin from 1989 to 2019: Focus on the phosphate ore rich area in China.

Phosphorus (P), a non-renewable essential resource, faces heavy exploitation and contributes to eutrophication in aquatic environments. Assessing P input is vital for a healthier P cycle in the Upper Yangtze River (UYR), a phosphate ore rich basin, where P mining and P chemical enterprises have prominent pollution problems. This study modified the net anthropogenic phosphorus input (NAPI) model to include ore mining P input (P).

Characterizing the long-term occurrence and anthropogenic drivers of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in surface water of the Rhine River.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) raise significant concerns due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity to both ecosystems and human health. However, the long-term trends of PFAS in aquatic environments remain inadequately explored. In this study, we systematically assessed the spatiotemporal distribution, periodic fluctuations, source apportionment, and risk evaluation of 12 PFAS in the Rhine River based on the long-term measuring data collected from 2007 to 2019.

Self-assembled electrochemically active biofilms doped with carbon nanotubes: Electron exchange efficiency and cytotoxicity evaluation.

Thick electrochemically active biofilms (EABs) will lead to insufficient extracellular electron transfer (EET) rate because of the limitation of both substrate diffusion and electron exchange. Herein, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-doped EABs are developed through self-assembly. The highly conductive biofilms (internal resistance of ∼211 Ω) are efficiently enriched at CNTs dosage of 1 g L, with the stable power output of 0.

Effects of regular zooplankton supplement on the bacterial communities and process performance of biofilm for wastewater treatment.

Biofilm processing technologies were widely used for wastewater treatment due to its advantages of low cost and easy management. However, the aging biofilms inevitably decrease the purification efficiency and increase the sludge production, which limited the widely application of biofilms technologies in rural area. In this study, we proposed a novel strategy by introducing high-trophic organisms to prey on low-trophic organisms, and reduce the aged biofilms and enhance treatment efficiencies in rural wastewater treatment.

Comparative study about ozonation to treat Microcystis-laden source water at the development and maintenance stage.

The outbreak of toxic cyanobacteria blooms is hazardous to water safety. Ozonation has been used to treat cyanobacteria-laden source water. Generally, cyanobacterial blooms enter into a long-term maintenance stage from the bloom development, but how the changed bloom stage affects ozonation is still unknow.

Molecular insight into DOM fate using EEM-PARAFAC and FT-ICR MS and concomitant heavy metal behaviors in biologically treated landfill leachate during coagulation: Al speciation dependence.

Various combined processes with pre-coagulation have been developed for biologically treated landfill leachate, but the microscopic-level processes occurring during coagulation remain largely unknown. Herein, dissolved organic matter (DOM) fate using fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis and electrospray ionization coupled Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and concomitant heavy metal (HM) behaviors were explored at the molecular level. In addition, AlCl and two polyaluminum chloride (PACl) species (dominated by [AlOAl(OH)(HO)] and [(AlO)Al(OH)(HO)], respectively) were used.

Ecological impact assessment of green virtual water flow in inter-provincial crop commutation within China.

Green water is crucial for to regional ecological sustainability. Currently, there is a lack of research on the impact of crop green water communication on the regional ecology in China. The ecological impact index (EII) and integrated ecological water supply (IES) were proposed to comprehensively evaluate the regional ecological impact of the green virtual water flow (GVWF) of crops.

Identifying priority areas for freshwater supply conservation integrating multi-scale freshwater flows.

Identifying priority areas for conservation is an effective measurement for the sustainable provision of ecosystem services (ESs) under threats globally. Although many approaches have been developed to identify conservation priority areas by combining supply and demand of ESs, the integration of ESs flows into the identification still need further exploration. For ESs like freshwater supply services, the processes of freshwater flows across multiple scales are crucial.

Dynamic Responses of Rhizosphere Microorganisms to Biogas Slurry Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Application during the Whole Life Cycle of Rice Growth.

Biogas slurry combined with chemical fertilizer (BCF) is widely used as a fertilizer in paddy fields and rhizosphere microorganisms are key players in plant growth and reproduction. However, the dynamic responses of rhizosphere microorganisms of field-grown rice to BCF application still remain largely unknown. In this study, a field experiment was conducted in two proximate paddy fields in Chongming Island to study the impacts of BCF on the changes in rhizosphere microorganisms during the whole rice growth, including seedling, tillering, booting, and grain-filling stages, with solely chemical fertilizer (CF) treatment as control.

Remediation of Cu, Cr(VI) and Pb polluted soil with industrial/agricultural by-products in seasonally frozen areas.

Soils contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) may face serious environmental problems and pose health risks. In this study, the potential feasibility of industrial and agricultural by-products as low-cost green stabilization materials for copper (Cu), chromium (Cr(VI)) and lead (Pb) polluted soil was investigated. The new green compound material SS ∼ BM ∼ PRP was prepared by ball milling with steel slag (SS), bone meal (BM), and phosphate rock powder (PRP) which had an excellent stabilization effect on contaminated soil.

Observational constraints reduce model spread but not uncertainty in global wetland methane emission estimates.

The recent rise in atmospheric methane (CH ) concentrations accelerates climate change and offsets mitigation efforts. Although wetlands are the largest natural CH source, estimates of global wetland CH emissions vary widely among approaches taken by bottom-up (BU) process-based biogeochemical models and top-down (TD) atmospheric inversion methods. Here, we integrate in situ measurements, multi-model ensembles, and a machine learning upscaling product into the International Land Model Benchmarking system to examine the relationship between wetland CH emission estimates and model performance.

Long-term in-situ starvation and reactivation of co-digestion with food waste and corn straw in a continuous AnDMBR: Performance, sludge characteristics, and microorganism community.

To explore the effects of in-situ starvation and reactivation in a continuous anaerobic dynamic membrane reactor (AnDMBR), the anaerobic co-digestion system of food waste and corn straw was firstly start-up and stability operated, and then stopped feeding substrate approximately 70 days. After long-term in-situ starvation, the continuous AnDMBR was reactivated using the same operation conditions and organic loading rate as the continuous AnDMBR used before in-situ starvation. Results shown that the anaerobic co-digestion of corn straw and food waste in the continuous AnDMBR can resume stable operation within 5 days, and the corresponding methane production of 1.

Potential of technological innovation to reduce the carbon footprint of urban facility agriculture: A food-energy-water-waste nexus perspective.

As an emerging form of agriculture, urban facility agriculture is an important supplement to traditional agriculture and one of the ways to alleviate the urban food crisis, but it may generate a high carbon footprint. A comprehensive assessment of urban facility agriculture is a necessity for promoting its low-carbon development. In this study, the carbon footprint of urban facility agriculture under four different technological innovation models was simulated by life cycle assessment and a system dynamics model for a carbon footprint accounting without considering economic risk.

Changes of phytoplankton and water environment in a highly urbanized subtropical lake during the past ten years.

Phytoplankton and water quality changes in highly urbanized lakes affect the surrounding water safety. However, due to the complexity and variability of natural changes and human disturbances, it is difficult for multi-year research with yearly sampling frequency to cover accurate changes of phytoplankton and water environment or provide constructive suggestions for managers. Based on monthly monitoring data spanning 2011-2020 in a highly urbanized subtropical lake (Hongze Lake, China), Mann-Kendall test, ANOVA analysis and variation partitioning analysis were used to assess the changes of phytoplankton and water environment, and detect dynamic responses of phytoplankton to environmental changes.

The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Food Production and Self-Sufficiency in China from 1978 to 2020: From the Perspective of Calories.

Ensuring national food security is an eternal topic. We unified six categories of food with calorie content including grain, oil, sugar, fruits and vegetables, animal husbandry, and aquatic products on the basis of provincial-level data, and we dynamically evaluated caloric production capacity and the supply-demand equilibrium under the increase in feed-grain consumption as well as the food losses and waste in China from 1978 to 2020 at four different levels. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of food production, the total national calorie production showed a linear growth trend, with a growth rate of 31.

The evolution and determinants of Chinese inter-provincial green development efficiency: an MCSE-DEA-Tobit-based perspective.

Continuous and rapid economic development has brought about excessive resource consumption and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is particularly essential to coordinate economic, resource, and environmental factors to achieve sustainable development. This paper develops a new data envelopment analysis (DEA) method that can be used for multi-level complex system evaluation (MCSE-DEA) to reveal the inter-provincial green development efficiency (GDE) in China from 2010 to 2018.

How to simulate future scenarios of urban stormwater management? A novel framework coupling climate change, urbanization, and green stormwater infrastructure development.

Climate change, urbanization, and green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) planning policies lead to uncertainties in future urban sustainability. Coupling multiple influencing factors such as climate change, urbanization, and GSI development, this study proposes a novel framework for simulating future scenarios of urban stormwater. Subsequently, the changes in annual surface runoff and runoff pollutants in Shanghai's new and old urban areas were compared and analyzed based on 35 typical future and seven baseline scenarios.

Water footprint of nations amplified by scarcity in the Belt and Road Initiative.

The growing water scarcity due to international trade poses a serious threat to global sustainability. Given the intensified international trade throughout the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this paper tracks the virtual water trade and water footprint of BRI countries in 2005-2015. By conducting a multi-model assessment, we observe a substantial increase in BRI's water footprint after taking water scarcity into account.

The performance and mechanism of iron-mediated chemical oxidation: Advances in hydrogen peroxide, persulfate and percarbonate oxidation.

Many studies have successfully built iron-mediated materials to activate or catalyze Fenton-like reactions, with applications in water and wastewater treatment being investigated. However, the developed materials are rarely compared with each other regarding their performance of organic contaminant removal. In this review, the recent advances of Fenton-like processes in homogeneous and heterogeneous ways are summarized, especially the performance and mechanism of activators including ferrous iron, zero valent iron, iron oxides, iron-loaded carbon, zeolite, and metal organic framework materials.

Advances of non-thermal plasma discharge technology in degrading recalcitrant wastewater pollutants. A comprehensive review.

With development and urbanization, the amount of wastewater generated due to human activities drastically increases yearly, causing water pollution and intensifying the already worsened water crisis. Although convenient, conventional wastewater treatment methods such as activated sludge, stabilization ponds, and adsorption techniques cannot fully eradicate the complex and recalcitrant contaminants leading to toxic byproducts generation. Recent advancements in wastewater treatment techniques, specifically non-thermal plasma technology, have been extensively investigated for the degradation of complex pollutants in wastewater.