Lateralization of the Aberrant Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation within the Default Mode Network in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Rationale And Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common pathogenesis of dementia, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered as the intermediate stage from normal elderly to AD. Early detection of MCI is an essential step for the timely intervention of AD to slow the progression of this disease. Different form previous studies in the whole-brain spontaneous activities, this research aimed to explore the low-frequency amplitude spectrum activities of patients with MCI within the default mode network (DMN), which has been involved in the process of maintaining normal cognitive function.

Exosomal miR-302b rejuvenates aging mice by reversing the proliferative arrest of senescent cells.

Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, involves a stable exit from the cell cycle. Senescent cells (SnCs) are closely associated with aging and aging-related disorders, making them potential targets for anti-aging interventions. In this study, we demonstrated that human embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes (hESC-Exos) reversed senescence by restoring the proliferative capacity of SnCs in vitro.

Discovery of CZY43 as a new small-molecule degrader of pseudokinase HER3.

The pseudokinase HER3 emerges as a promising anti-cancer target, especially for HER2-driven breast cancer and EGFR-mediated non-small cell lung cancer. However, it is challenging to target HER3 by ATP-competitive small molecules because HER3 is catalytically impaired. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of HER3 degraders by connecting a HER3 binder bosutinib with a hydrophobic tag adamantane.

In vivo ankle kinetics after surgical management of concurrent chronic ankle instability and osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Background: Ankle joint moment and reaction force alteration after surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) remains unknown.

Research Question: The current study aimed to investigate the in vivo kinetic effects of surgical management on patients with CAI and OLT and conduct a comparison with healthy subjects.

Methods: Eight patients with concurrent CAI and OLT were assessed in a stair descent setting prior to surgical management and one-year postoperatively.

Identification of SETD4 as an Onco-Immunological Biomarker Encompassing the Tumor Microenvironment, Prognoses, and Therapeutic Responses in Various Human Cancers.

Background: SET domain-containing protein 4 (SETD4) is a histone methyltransferase that has been shown to modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammatory responses by regulating histone H4 trimethylation (H4K20me3). Previous reports have demonstrated its function in the quiescence of cancer stem cells as well as drug resistance in several cancers. A limited number of systematic studies have examined SETD4's role in the tumor microenvironment, pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapeutic response.

Increased Plasma Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PK-M2) in Heart Failure: A Novel Biomarker Related to Cardiac Function and its Clinical Implications.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether circulating pyruvate kinase M2 (PK-M2) levels are elevated in the peripheral blood and to assess their association with diagnosis and prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods And Results: We conducted a prospective investigation involving 222 patients with HF and 103 control subjects, measuring PK-M2 concentrations using ELISA. The primary outcome, assessed over a median follow-up of 2 years (interquartile range: 776 to 926 days), was the time to the first occurrence of either rehospitalization for worsening HF or cardiovascular death.

Crafting Hollow Spheres via Bulk Ice Melting with ppb-Level Gas Sensing Performance.

Ice melting, a common yet complex phenomenon, remains incompletely understood. While theoretical studies suggest that preexisting defects in ice generate "off-lattice" water molecules, triggering bulk ice melting, direct experimental evidence of their form has been lacking as the transparent and transient nature of ice poses significant challenges for observation with current techniques. Here, we introduce an ice-melting-induced lyophilization (IMIL) technique that employs graphene-based nanoprobes to replicate and track liquid evolution within melting bulk ice.

Mechanism Analysis of the Effect of Cordycepin on Colorectal Cancer via Network Pharmacology and Experiment.

Objective: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has attracted much attention due to its high mortality and morbidity. Cordycepin, also known as 3'-deoxyadenosine (3'-dA), exhibits many biological functions, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. It has been proven to show anticancer activity in both laboratory research studies and living organisms.

Improvement in Compatibility and Drug Release Performance of Hot-Melt Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives by Physical Blending Technique.

Background: Hot-melt Pressure-sensitive Adhesives (HMPSA) are eco-friendly pressuresensitive adhesives, with the potential of being used as substrates for transdermal patches. However, due to the low hydrophilicity of HMPSA, the application is limited in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) plasters.

Methods: Three modified HMPSA were prepared with acrylic resin EPO, acrylic resin RL100, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the modifying materials.

Ubiquitination in diabetes and its complications: A perspective from bibliometrics.

Background: Diabetes has a substantial impact on public health, highlighting the need for novel treatments. Ubiquitination, an intracellular protein modification process, is emerging as a promising strategy for regulating pathological mechanisms. We hypothesize that ubiquitination plays a critical role in the development and progression of diabetes and its complications, and that understanding these mechanisms can lead to new therapeutic approaches.

Role of macrophage polarization in diabetic foot ulcer healing: A bibliometric study.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a significant contributor to disability and mortality in diabetic patients. Macrophage polarization and functional regulation are promising areas of research and show therapeutic potential in the field of DFU healing. However, the complex mechanism, the difficulty in clinical translation, and the large heterogeneity present significant challenges.

Two-dimensional Health State Map to define metabolic health using separated static and dynamic homeostasis features: a proof-of-concept study.

Defining metabolic health is critical for the earlier reversing of metabolic dysfunction and disease, and fasting-based diagnosis may not adequately assess an individual's metabolic adaptivity under stress. We constructed a novel Health State Map (HSM) comprising a Health Phenotype Score (HPS) with fasting features alone and a Homeostatic Resilience Score (HRS) with five time-point features only ( = 30, 60, 90, 180, 240 min) following a standardized mixed macronutrient tolerance test (MMTT). Among 111 Chinese adults, when the same set of fasting and post-MMTT data as for the HSM was used, the mixed-score was highly correlated with the HPS.

The involvements of intracellular basal calcium and membrane potential in para-phenylenediamine-impaired sperm function.

Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a crystalline solid that belongs to the aromatic amine group, widely used in the manufacturing of various dyes. PPD exhibits toxic effects on female hormone stability, ovarian function, and embryo development. Although studies have shown that PPD exposure can damage oocyte quality in female mice, research on its effects on male reproductive capability, particularly on human sperm quality and function, is limited.

Senkyunolide A attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated ferroptosis in PC12 cells.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a serious complication in patients with ischemic stroke. Senkyunolide A (SenA) can alleviate neuronal cell damage induced by cerebral I/R; however, the exact action mechanism remains unclear. An in vitro cellular injury model was established by inducing PC-12 cells with OGD/R.

Augmented Reality Navigation System Enhances the Accuracy of Spinal Surgery Pedicle Screw Placement: A Randomized, Multicenter, Parallel-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: The pedicle screw insertion technique has evolved significantly, and despite the challenges of precise placement, advancements like AR-based surgical navigation systems now offer enhanced accuracy and safety in spinal surgery by integrating real-time, high-resolution imaging with virtual models to aid surgeons. This study aims to evaluate the differences in accuracy between novel AR-guided pedicle screw insertion and conventional surgery techniques.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from March 2019 to December 2023 to compare the efficacy of AR-guided pedicle screw fixation with conventional freehand surgery using CT guidance.

Exploring Brain Imaging and Genetic Risk Factors in Different Progression States of Alzheimer's Disease Through OSnetNMF-Based Methods.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment, often preceded by mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multimodal imaging genetics integrates imaging and genetic data to gain a deeper understanding of disease progression and individual variations. This study focuses on exploring the mechanisms that drive the transition from normal cognition to MCI and ultimately to AD.

Structure-guided mining of stereoselective reductive aminases for biocatalytic stereodivergent synthesis of chiral piperidinamine and derivatives.

Chiral azacyclic amine derivatives occupy a vital role of nitrogen-containing compounds, due to serve as foundational motifs in numerous pharmaceuticals and bioactive substances. Novel complementary enantioselective reductive aminases IRED9 and IRED11 were unveiled through comprehensive gene mining from Streptomyces viridochromogenes and Micromonospora echinaurantiaca, respectively, which both demonstrated enantiomeric excess (ee) values and conversion ratio up to 99% towards N-Boc-3-pyridinone (NBPO) and cyclopropylamine. IRED9 exhibited the highest activity at pH 8.

Revealing the Active Components and Therapeutic Targets of Sanao Decoction against Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single Marker and Network Pharmacology.

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Sanao decoction (SAD) has been used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for multi-years. However, the potential mechanism and targets for its effects of SAD remain unknown. The 94 components of SAD were identified by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS.

CFTR dictates monocyte adhesion by facilitating integrin clustering but not activation.

Monocytes are critical in controlling tissue infections and inflammation. Monocyte dysfunction contributes to the inflammatory pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF) caused by CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations, making CF a clinically relevant disease model for studying the contribution of monocytes to inflammation. Although CF monocytes exhibited adhesion defects, the precise mechanism is unclear.

Therapeutic implications and comprehensive insights into cellular senescence and aging in the tumor microenvironment of sarcoma.

Sarcoma (SARC), a diverse group of stromal tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues, is often associated with a poor prognosis. Emerging evidence indicates that senescent cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly contribute to cancer progression and metastasis. Although the influence of senescence on SARC has been partially acknowledged, it has yet to be fully elucidated.

The association between immunoinflammatory biomarkers NLR, PLR, LMR and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disorder closely linked to metabolic syndrome. Identifying novel, easily measurable biomarkers could significantly enhance the diagnosis and management of NAFLD in clinical settings. Recent studies suggest that immunoinflammatory biomarkers-specifically, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)-may offer diagnostic value for NAFLD.

The role of paraspinal muscle degeneration in cervical spondylosis.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between paraspinal muscle degeneration and cervical spondylosis through cervical spine MRI and lateral X-ray.

Methods: A retrospective study included 83 cervical spondylosis patients as the experimental group, consisting of 28 axial joint pain (Group A), 29 cervical radiculopathy (Group B), and 26 myelopathy (Group C), as well as 29 healthy individuals as the control group (Group D). The cross-sectional area (CSA) of paraspinal muscles at the C3-4, C4-5, and C5-6 segments was measured, including the deep extensor area (DEA), deep flexor area (DFA), and superficial extensor area (SEA).

Icariin mediates autophagy and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by the β-catenin signaling pathway through lncRNA LOXL1-AS1.

To investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its autophagy/apoptosis mechanism in HCC. The anti-HCC mechanism of ICA was investigated using HCC cells treated with 20 µmol/L ICA. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using CCK-8 and colony formation assays, respectively, while TUNEL staining evaluated anti-apoptotic effects.

Circadian Rhythms and Lung Cancer in the Context of Aging: A Review of Current Evidence.

Circadian rhythm is the internal homeostatic physiological clock that regulates the 24-hour sleep/wake cycle. This biological clock helps to adapt to environmental changes such as light, dark, temperature, and behaviors. Aging, on the other hand, is a process of physiological changes that results in a progressive decline in cells, tissues, and other vital systems of the body.

Bioactive Products Targeting C-Met As Potential Antitumour Drugs.

Unlabelled: Mesenchymal‒epithelial transition factor (c-Met), a receptortyrosine kinase (RTK), plays a vital role in cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and tumour metastasis.

Objective: With increasing duration of treatment, many tumours gradually develop drug resistance. Therefore, novel antitumour drugs need to be developed to treat patients with tumours.