Guillain-Barré syndrome in patients with multiple myeloma: three cases report and literature review.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is relatively rare, and the specific mechanism is still unclear. The previous infection, surgery, and medication use may have contributed to the occurrence of GBS. The use of bortezomib in patients with MM can easily lead to peripheral neuropathy, which is similar to the symptoms of GBS, making it challenging to diagnose GBS.

Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study.

Background: Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, its risk of preterm birth is currently uncertain.

Association of epidural labor analgesia with maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with preeclampsia: a propensity score-matched single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Epidural labor analgesia (ELA) is widely and safely used for labor pain relief. However, it remains unclear whether ELA affects maternal and neonatal outcomes in women suffering from preeclampsia.

Methods: This study reviewed the medical records of women with preeclampsia at ≥ 28 weeks of gestation between January 2015 and December 2020.

Heterogeneous focal adhesion cytoskeleton nanoarchitectures from microengineered interfacial curvature to oversee nuclear remodeling and mechanotransduction of mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Interfacial heterogeneity is widely explored to reveal molecular mechanisms of force-mediated pathways due to biased tension. However, the influence of cell density,, curvature, and interfacial heterogeneity on underlying pathways of mechanotransduction is obscure.

Methods: Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based stencils were micropatterned to prepare the micropores for cell culture.

Integrated analysis of chromatin and transcriptomic profiling of the striatum after cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.

Background: Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a significant contributor to dementia, yet the precise mechanisms underlying the cognitive decline associated with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) remain unclear. This study investigated the molecular and epigenetic changes in the striatum, a brain region critical for motor function and cognition, following chronic hypoperfusion using a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) model in mice.

Methods: RNA-seq was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with hypoperfusion.

Assessment of Peripheral Neuropathy Using Current Perception Threshold Measurement in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3.

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) identified as a significant contributor to disability in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) patients. This study seeks to assess the utility of current perception threshold (CPT) measurements in evaluating PN in individuals with SCA3 and aims to identify factors influencing CPT values in SCA3 and ascertain whether these values correlate with the severity of ataxia. Ninety-four patients diagnosed with SCA3 and 44 healthy controls were recruited for this investigation.

A machine learning based algorithm accurately stages liver disease by quantification of arteries.

A major histologic feature of cirrhosis is the loss of liver architecture with collapse of tissue and vascular changes per unit. We developed qVessel to quantify the arterial density (AD) in liver biopsies with chronic disease of varied etiology and stage. 46 needle liver biopsy samples with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 48 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and 43 with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) were collected at the Shuguang Hospital.

Lysosomes finely control macrophage inflammatory function via regulating the release of lysosomal Fe through TRPML1 channel.

Lysosomes are best known for their roles in inflammatory responses by engaging in autophagy to remove inflammasomes. Here, we describe an unrecognized role for the lysosome, showing that it finely controls macrophage inflammatory function by manipulating the lysosomal Fe-prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (PHDs)-NF-κB-interleukin 1 beta (IL1B) transcription pathway that directly links lysosomes with inflammatory responses. TRPML1, a lysosomal cationic channel, is activated secondarily to ROS elevation upon inflammatory stimuli, which in turn suppresses IL1B transcription, thus limiting the excessive production of IL-1β in macrophages.

The effect of stressful life events on depressive symptoms in Chinese university students: Moderated mediating effect of interpersonal relationship and gender.

Background: This study aimed to examine the impact of stressful life events on the depressive symptoms of Chinese first-year university students, while considering the influence of interpersonal relationships and gender on this association.

Methods: A total of 8079 first-year Chinese university students were surveyed using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale of Interpersonal Relationship (CDSIR).

Results: Stressful life event were positively correlated with interpersonal relationships, depressive symptoms, and gender (r = 0.

Therapeutic strategies: Bioactive hydrogels oxidized sodium alginate/strontium/betamethasone for preventing intrauterine adhesion.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is an endometrial damage repair disorder that leads to menstrual loss, amenorrhea, and infertility in women; therefore, addressing this dilemma is a critical challenge. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel, comprising oxidized sodium alginate (OSA), strontium carbonate (SrCO), and betamethasone 21-phosphate sodium (BSP), was formulated to facilitate angiogenesis, reduce fibrosis, and support tissue repair in the treatment of IUA. The composite hydrogels showed significant bioactivity on human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), promoting the injured HESCs repair, reversing the degree of fibrosis to a certain extent, and enhancing the proliferation and migration of HUVECs.

The Influence of Axial Length on Visual Quality following SMILE Surgery in Patients with High Myopia.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the subjective and objective visual outcomes following Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) surgery in high myopic patients with varying axial lengths (AL).

Methods: The study enrolled 113 highly myopic patients (202 eyes) who underwent SMILE surgery at Shanghai's Tenth People's Hospital from July 2021 to September 2023. Patients were classified into three groups based on the axial length before surgery: Group A (AL < 26mm, 62 eyes), Group B (26mm ≤ AL < 27mm, 88 eyes), and Group C (AL ≥ 27mm, 52 eyes).

Prognosticating WHO/ISUP grade in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Insights from amide proton transfer-weighted MRI.

Background: Preoperative prediction of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) grade can support optimal selection of surgical resection strategies. Currently, there is no effective preoperative method for accurately assessing the histologic grade of ccRCC. More precise, non-invasive prediction methods are needed.

Eleutherococcus senticosus Alleviates Aristolochic-Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Damage by Inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway in Mice.

(ES) exerts various pharmacological effects, including renoprotection in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of ES on aristolochic acid (AA)-induced acute kidney injury in mice.

Sand and dust storms: a growing global health threat calls for international health studies to support policy action.

Sand and dust storms increasingly threaten global environmental and public health. To date, 150 countries are directly affected, with more than 100 classified as non-dust source regions. With climate change, these storms are expected to become more frequent and severe.

Global, regional and national burden of neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous system tumors, 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2035: visualizing epidemiological characteristics based on GBD 2021.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial malignant solid tumor in children, accounting for >15 % of cancer-related deaths in children. We analyzed the epidemiological statistical indicators of neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous system tumors patients from 1990 to 2021 in Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, aiming to provide valuable insights for public health interventions and clinical practices.

Methods: Based on the GBD 2021 database, this study analyzed the incidence, mortality, prevalence, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) of neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous system tumors from 1990 to 2021, stratified by sociodemographic development index (SDI) and geographic regions.

Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cell FDZSi002-A from a 67-year-old Chinese Han Prostate cancer patient.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male reproductive system. In this study, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a 67-year-old male patient and diagnosed with PC. The established iPSCs were confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.

Glucocorticoids on bone remodeling in systemic lupus erythematosus mice.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus requires glucocorticoids for management. This study investigates how glucocorticoids influence bone in a SLE mouse model, focusing on bone mineral density (BMD), microstructure, and remodeling markers.

Methods: MRL/lpr and C57BL/6 mice were administered dexamethasone or saline as a control for 4-weeks.

Fecal microbiota transplantation: transitioning from chaos and controversial realm to scientific precision era.

With the popularization of modern lifestyles, the spectrum of intestinal diseases has become increasingly diverse, presenting significant challenges in its management. Traditional pharmaceutical interventions have struggled to keep pace with these changes, leaving many patients refractory to conventional pharmaceutical treatments. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for enterogenic diseases.

Stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng attenuate experimental Parkinson's disease progression in mice by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via P2Y2R/PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng (SLSP) comprise numerous PPD-type saponins with diverse pharmacological properties; however, their role in Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of SLSP on suppressing microglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental PD models, including the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPTP)-induced mouse model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Our findings revealed that SLSP mitigated behavioral impairments and excessive microglial activation in models of PD, including MPTP-treated mice.

Roles of NLRC4 inflammasome in neurological disorders: Mechanisms, implications, and therapeutic potential.

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain containing 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome, a vital component of the innate immune system, is known for defending against bacterial infections. However, recent insights have revealed its significant impact on neurological disorders. This comprehensive review discussed the mechanisms underlying the activation and regulation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, highlighting the complexity of its response to cellular stress and damage signals.

Comparative proteomic landscapes elucidate human preimplantation development and failure.

Understanding mammalian preimplantation development, particularly in humans, at the proteomic level remains limited. Here, we applied our comprehensive solution of ultrasensitive proteomic technology to measure the proteomic profiles of oocytes and early embryos and identified nearly 8,000 proteins in humans and over 6,300 proteins in mice. We observed distinct proteomic dynamics before and around zygotic genome activation (ZGA) between the two species.

Development of novel epoxyketone macrocyclic peptidyl proteasome inhibitors through OPA-mediated one-step cyclization of unprotected peptides.

Cyclization is a pivotal strategy for enhancing the drug-like characteristics of polypeptides. To develop potent and metabolically stable proteasome inhibitors, we generated a macrocyclic peptide skeleton using a straightforward and efficient cyclization strategy. Subsequent stability assessments confirmed the practicality of this approach.