Effect of ultrasound-guided internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve block on postoperative sore throat induced by a NIM-EMG-ETT: study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complaint after general anaesthesia. The prevalence of POST caused by a neural integrity monitor electromyography endotracheal tube (NIM-EMG-ETT) is high. This study aimed to determine whether ultrasound-guided internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve block (iSLNB) could alleviate POST associated with a NIM-EMG-ETT.

Dipyridamole-grafted copolymer electrospun nanofiber membranes for suppression of peritendinous adhesions.

Post-traumatic tendon adhesions significantly affect patient prognosis and quality of life, primarily stemming from the absence of effective preventive and curative measures in clinical practice. Current treatment modalities, including surgical excision and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, frequently exhibit limited efficacy or result in severe side effects. Consequently, the use of anti-adhesive barriers for drug delivery and implantation at the injury site to address peritendinous adhesion (PA) has attracted considerable attention.

Omicron variant infection worsen the prognosis of haemodialysis (HD) patients.

Background: Haemodialysis (HD) patients are predisposed to physical ailments, and their occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could potentially lead to a more unfavourable prognosis. However, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant) infection on the prognosis of HD patients remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of Omicron variant infection on the prognosis of HD patients.

RAC1 inhibition ameliorates IBSP-induced bone metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation (osteoclastogenesis) plays an essential role in tumor osteolytic bone metastasis (BM), while its specific mechanisms remain largely uncertain in lung adenocarcinoma BM. In this study, we demonstrate that integrin-binding sialoprotein (IBSP), which is highly expressed in the cancer cells from bone metastatic and primary lesions of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, can facilitate BM and directly promote macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation independent of RANKL/M-CSF. In vivo results further suggest that osteolytic BM in lung cancer specifically relies on IBSP-induced macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation.

Contralateral Neck-shaft Angle Lower Than 130° Is Associated With Clinical Failure in Nongeriatric Individuals: Analysis of the National Femoral Neck Fracture Database of 1066 Patients.

Background: Treatment of femoral neck fractures in patients who are nongeriatric (≤ 60 years) is challenging because of high failure rates. Anatomic parameters influence the biomechanical environment for fracture healing, but their associations with clinical prognosis remains unclear.

Questions/purposes: (1) Which anatomic parameter that is identifiable on pelvic radiographs shows a statistical correlation with a higher risk of clinical failure defined as nonunion, avascular necrosis (AVN), reoperation, and functional failure (decrease in Harris hip score reaching the minimum clinically important difference) in the screw fixation of femoral neck fractures among nongeriatric patients? (2) How does the influence of anatomic parameters on clinical prognosis manifest: directly or mediated by additional mechanisms?

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study used a nationwide database in China.

ITPRIPL1 binds CD3ε to impede T cell activation and enable tumor immune evasion.

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed treatment possibilities, but its effectiveness differs significantly among patients, indicating the presence of alternative pathways for immune evasion. Here, we show that ITPRIPL1 functions as an inhibitory ligand of CD3ε, and its expression inhibits T cells in the tumor microenvironment. The binding of ITPRIPL1 extracellular domain to CD3ε on T cells significantly decreased calcium influx and ZAP70 phosphorylation, impeding initial T cell activation.

Reduced SV2A and GABA receptor levels in the brains of type 2 diabetic rats revealed by [F]SDM-8 and [F]flumazenil PET.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a greater risk of Alzheimer's disease. Synaptic impairment and protein aggregates have been reported in the brains of T2DM models. Here, we assessed whether neurodegenerative changes in synaptic vesicle 2 A (SV2A), γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA) receptor, amyloid-β, tau and receptor for advanced glycosylation end product (RAGE) can be detected in vivo in T2DM rats.

Small G-Protein Rheb Gates Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling to Regulate Morphine Tolerance in Mice.

Background: Analgesic tolerance due to long-term use of morphine remains a challenge for pain management. Morphine acts on μ-opioid receptors and downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway to activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Rheb is an important regulator of growth and cell-cycle progression in the central nervous system owing to its critical role in the activation of mTOR.

IDH1 mutation impairs antiviral response and potentiates oncolytic virotherapy in glioma.

IDH1 mutations frequently occur early in human glioma. While IDH1 mutation has been shown to promote gliomagenesis via DNA and histone methylation, little is known regarding its regulation in antiviral immunity. Here, we discover that IDH1 mutation inhibits virus-induced interferon (IFN) antiviral responses in glioma cells.

The effect of B-vitamins on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Previous research evaluating the effects in B-vitamins on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has substantial limitations and lacks recently published large prospective studies; hence, conducting an updated meta-analysis is needed.

Objective: We investigated the association between vitamin B status and human CVD development in order to provide more specific advice about vitamin B intake for those at risk of CVD.

Data Sources: Relevant articles were identified by JSTOR, PubMed, and ProQuest databases.

Treatment of Advanced Kienböck's Disease Using 3D Printing Assisted Autologous Costochondral Transplantation: A Case Report.

Case: We describe a patient with advanced Kienböck's disease, treated with 3-dimensional (3D) printing assisted costochondral transplantation. Cartilage shaping was achieved according to a biomimetic 3D-printed prosthesis designed by mirror symmetry of the healthy wrist. The inserted cartilage spacer was fixed using the autologous palmar longus tendon.

Autologous Costal Cartilage Grafting for a Large Osteochondral Lesion of the Femoral Head: A 1-Year Single-Arm Study with 2 Additional Years of Follow-up.

Background: There is currently no ideal treatment for osteochondral lesions of the femoral head (OLFH) in young patients.

Methods: We performed a 1-year single-arm study and 2 additional years of follow-up of patients with a large (defined as >3 cm 2 ) OLFH treated with insertion of autologous costal cartilage graft (ACCG) to restore femoral head congruity after lesion debridement. Twenty patients ≤40 years old who had substantial hip pain and/or dysfunction after nonoperative treatment were enrolled at a single center.

Biomimetic Self-Assembling Metal-Organic Architectures with Non-Iridescent Structural Coloration for Synergetic Antibacterial and Osteogenic Activity of Implants.

Materials in nature feature versatile and programmable interactions to render macroscopic architectures with multiscale structural arrangements. By rationally combining metal-carboxylate and metal-organophosphate coordination interactions, Au(MHA) (MHA, 6-mercaptohexanoic acid) nanocluster self-assembled structural color coating films and phytic acid (PA)-metal coordination complexes are sequentially constructed on the surface of titanium implants. The Lewis acid-base coordination principle applies for these metal-organic coordination networks.

Mortality of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A 10-Year Follow-up Pilot Study in Shanghai.

Background: Identifying risk factors and mortality of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) could have important implications for the clinical management of AD.

Objective: This pilot study aimed to examine the overall mortality of AD patients over a 10-year surveillance period in Shanghai, China. This study is an extension of our previous investigation on mortality of neurodegenerative diseases.

Enhanced Fructose Utilization Mediated by SLC2A5 Is a Unique Metabolic Feature of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Therapeutic Potential.

Rapidly proliferating leukemic progenitor cells consume substantial glucose, which may lead to glucose insufficiency in bone marrow. We show that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells are prone to fructose utilization with an upregulated fructose transporter GLUT5, which compensates for glucose deficiency. Notably, AML patients with upregulated transcription of the GLUT5-encoding gene SLC2A5 or increased fructose utilization have poor outcomes.

Preventive effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function and recovery quality in elderly oral cancer patients.

This study analyzed the preventive effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function and recovery quality in elderly oral cancer patients by observing the perioperative kinetics of inflammatory cytokines, cortisol and melatonin.A total of 149 elderly oral cancer patients who had undergone tumor resection surgery were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, Group D and Group S. After surgery, Group D was assigned to take intravenous dexmedetomidine at a dose of 0.

Fingertip replantation at the eponychial level with venous anastomosis: an anatomic study and clinical application.

We present an anatomic study of the vein distribution at the eponychial level, in order to standardize outpatient fingertip replantation. The cross sectional anatomy of 100 fingers was studied by dissection following dye injection. The distribution of the veins >0.