Untargeted LC/MS-Based Metabolic Phenotyping of Hypopituitarism in Young Males.

Hypopituitarism (Hypo-Pit) is partial or complete insufficiency of anterior pituitary hormones. Besides hormone metabolism, the global metabolomics in Hypo-Pit are largely unknown. We aimed to explore potential biomarkers to aid in diagnosis and personalized treatment.

The association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and albuminuria in Chinese adults: A nationwide population study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is increasingly diagnosed at a younger age worldwide and in China. Limited data are available regarding the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and risks of albuminuria. This study sought to examine the independent effect of age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes on the risk of albuminuria.

Deciphering CT texture features of human visceral fat to evaluate metabolic disorders and surgery-induced weight loss effects.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly related to the excessive accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Quantitative measurements of VAT are commonly applied in clinical practice for measurement of metabolic risks; however, it remains largely unknown whether the texture of VAT can evaluate visceral adiposity, stratify MetS and predict surgery-induced weight loss effects.

Methods: 675 Chinese adult volunteers and 63 obese patients (with bariatric surgery) were enrolled.

New Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis Progression Associate With the Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease.

Context: Little is known about the link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evolution and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objective: We aim to assess the associations of NALFD status changes and NAFLD fibrosis progression with the risk of incident CKD.

Methods: We conducted a community-based prospective study that included participants aged 40 years or older and free of CKD at baseline in 2010, with follow-up evaluations after a mean of 4.

Impact of diabetes on subclinical atherosclerosis and major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aims: To investigate the impact of diabetes on subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: The prospective cohort study included 8451 Chinese adults free of baseline CVD in 2010. NAFLD was diagnosed based on hepatic ultrasonography.

Genetic susceptibility, family history of diabetes and healthy lifestyle factors in relation to diabetes: A gene-environment interaction analysis in Chinese adults.

Aims/introduction: To analyze the associations and interactions of the genetic susceptibility and family history of diabetes with lifestyle factors in relation to diabetes among Chinese adults.

Materials And Methods: We constructed a genetic risk score of 34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 11,596 participants from Songnan and Youyi communities, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China. We determined a healthy lifestyle by a normal body mass index (<24 kg/m ), adequate fruit and vegetable intake (≥4.

CBP/p300 HAT maintains the gene network critical for β cell identity and functional maturity.

Loss of β cell identity and functional immaturity are thought to be involved in β cell failure in type 2 diabetes. CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its paralogue p300 act as multifunctional transcriptional co-activators and histone acetyltransferases (HAT) with extensive biological functions. However, whether the regulatory role of CBP/p300 in islet β cell function depends on the HAT activity remains uncertain.

Lgr4 promotes aerobic glycolysis and differentiation in osteoblasts via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Lgr4, a G-protein-coupled receptor, is associated with various physiological and pathological processes including oncogenesis, energy metabolism, and bone remodeling. However, whether Lgr4 is involved in osteoblasts' metabolism is not clear. Here we uncover that in preosteoblast cell line, lacking Lgr4 results in decreased osteogenic function along with reduced glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and lactate production in the presence of abundant oxygen, which is referred to as aerobic glycolysis.

The progression and regression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease are associated with the development of subclinical atherosclerosis: A prospective analysis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed and diagnosed based on modified criteria. However, evidence for the risks of developing subclinical atherosclerosis with MAFLD transitions according to its new definition has never been reported.

Methods: Using data from a community-based cohort, 6232 participants aged 40 years or older were included and were followed up for a median of 4.

Stronger association of triglyceride glucose index than the HOMA-IR with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world single-centre study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has been proposed as a simple and reliable alternative insulin resistance (IR) marker, while the homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) is the most frequently used index. Few studies have evaluated the role of IR assessed by the TyG index and HOMA-IR on arterial stiffness in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) population with a high risk of increased arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate the association of the TyG index and HOMA-IR with arterial stiffness in patients with T2D.

The 2017 ACC/AHA stage 1 hypertension is associated with arterial stiffness: a prospective analysis.

Objective: To examine the association between stage 1 hypertension defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline and risk of developing arterial stiffness.

Methods: During 2010-2015, 4595 adults aged ≥40 years without cardiovascular disease were followed up for a median of 4.3 years.

Cardiovascular Risk Based on ASCVD and KDIGO Categories in Chinese Adults: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) clinical practice guideline used eGFR and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) to categorize risks for CKD prognosis. The utility of KDIGO's stratification of major CVD risks and predictive ability beyond traditional CVD risk prediction scores are unknown.

Methods: To evaluate CVD risks on the basis of ACR and eGFR (individually, together, and in combination using the KDIGO risk categories) and with the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score, we studied 115,366 participants in the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort study.

Overexpression Enhances Expression .

Objective: The Iroquois homeobox 3 () gene was recently reported to be a functional downstream target of a common polymorphism in the gene, which encodes an obesity-associated protein; however, the role of in energy expenditure remains unclear. Studies have revealed that the overexpression of a dominant-negative form of IRX3 in the mouse hypothalamus and adipose tissue promoted energy expenditure by enhancing brown/browning activities. Meanwhile, we and others recently demonstrated that knockdown impaired the browning program of primary preadipocytes .

Association of body mass index with severity and mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia: a two-center, retrospective cohort study from Wuhan, China.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and multiple severe outcomes of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. A total of 1091 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia were included from Wuhan, China. Overall, 2.

Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study.

Background: Parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration were found to be associated with diabetes. However, the results are inconsistent. Also, no epidemiological studies have examined the association of these reproductive factors with diabetes in the same large population.

Association of early adulthood weight and subsequent weight change with cardiovascular diseases: Findings from REACTION study.

Background: Excessive adiposity in adulthood is positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is less studied how the risk is separately explained by early adulthood weight and later weight change, especially in Asian ancestries.

Methods: This study included 121160 participants in a large population-based cohort in China.

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and predict CVD events and all-cause deaths: a prospective analysis.

Objective: We aimed to examine the associations of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) levels with risks of subclinical atherosclerosis, cardiovascular events and all-cause deaths.

Methods: Data from a large population-based cohort were used, which included 9580 participants aged ≥40 years free from cardiovascular diseases. Carotid intima-media thickness, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial index were measured at baseline to assess subclinical atherosclerosis.

Fat mass to fat-free mass ratio and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis in non-obese and obese individuals.

Context: Body composition may explain partially why non-obese individuals still at the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass (FM/FFM) has been proposed to assess the combined effect of different body compositions.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of FM/FFM ratio with the risk of developing NAFLD and fibrosis and to identify the potential mediators according to obesity status.

Chinese Adults Are More Susceptible to Effects of Overall Obesity and Fat Distribution on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.

Context: The body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as diagnostic tools of obesity do not reflect the same level of fat mass and whether obesity leads to various effects on cardiometabolic risk factors among different racial/ethnic population is unknown.

Objective: The study aims to address the multicollinearity between BMI and WC by using the residual model approach and to assess and compare the effects of obesity metrics on cardiometabolic risk factors among different races/ethnicities.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data from a nationally representative sample of mainland Chinese adults collected in 2010 and data from the National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey 2005-2016 were used.

An inverted U-shaped relationship between parathyroid hormone and body weight, body mass index, body fat.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and body weight, body mass index (BMI), lipid profiles, and fat distribution in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and controls.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in 192 patients with PHPT and 202 controls. Serum concentrations of calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), PTH, lipids profiles, and other hormones were quantified.

Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study.

Objective: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.

Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.

Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is associated with arterial stiffness in Chinese adults: A prospective analysis.

Blood pressure (BP) variability may have its effect on the development of vascular disease. The authors aimed to examine the association between the visit-to-visit variability (VVV) of BP and arterial stiffness in Chinese adults. The authors included 1407 participants from a prospective cohort study of community residents who were ≥40 years, without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke, and with data at the baseline, the second and the third visits in 2008, 2009, and 2013.

Fruit intake, genetic risk and type 2 diabetes: a population-based gene-diet interaction analysis.

Purpose: Whether the association between fruit and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is modified by the genetic predisposition of T2D was yet elucidated. The current study is meant to examine the gene-dietary fruit intake interactions in the risk of T2D and related glycemic traits.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 11,657 participants aged ≥ 40 years from a community-based population in Shanghai, China.

Association of Serum Bile Acids Profile and Pathway Dysregulation With the Risk of Developing Diabetes Among Normoglycemic Chinese Adults: Findings From the 4C Study.

Objective: Comprehensive assessment of serum bile acids (BAs) aberrations before diabetes onset remains inconclusive. We examined the association of serum BA profile and coregulation with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among normoglycemic Chinese adults.

Research Design And Methods: We tested 23 serum BA species in subjects with incident diabetes ( = 1,707) and control subjects ( = 1,707) matched by propensity score (including age, sex, BMI, and fasting glucose) from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study, which was composed of 54,807 normoglycemic Chinese adults with a median follow-up of 3.