Digital-based emergency prevention and control system: enhancing infection control in psychiatric hospitals.

Background: The practical application of infectious disease emergency plans in mental health institutions during the ongoing pandemic has revealed significant shortcomings. These manifest as chaotic management of mental health care, a lack of hospital infection prevention and control (IPC) knowledge among medical staff, and unskilled practical operation. These factors result in suboptimal decision-making and emergency response execution.

Refining breast cancer genetic risk and biology through multi-ancestry fine-mapping analyses of 192 risk regions.

Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 200 genetic risk loci for breast cancer, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known breast cancer risk loci using genome-wide association study data from 172,737 female breast cancer cases and 242,009 controls of African, Asian and European ancestry. We identified 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, including 131 signals not reported previously, and for 50 of them, we narrowed the credible causal variants down to a single variant.

Quantitative study on hepatic genotoxicity of neodymium and its molecular mechanisms based on Benchmark Dose method.

Introduction: Neodymium, a rare earth element, has been shown to induce genotoxicity in mice, but the molecular mechanisms behind this effect are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the genotoxic effects of intragastric administration of neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO)) over 28 consecutive days and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: We detected the content of neodymium in mouse liver tissue using ICP-MS and assessed the percentage of tail DNA in mouse hepatocytes using the alkaline comet assay to evaluate genotoxicity.

Role of Individual and Network Factors in HIV Care Continuum Outcomes among PLWH: An Egocentric Network Study in Yunnan, China.

Due to limited data on the determinants of HIV care continuum outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH) in resource-limited settings, this study aimed to identify individual and social support network factors influencing these outcomes, thereby informing the development of intervention strategies to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. PLWH in Yunnan, China, were recruited using convenience sampling at three stages of the HIV care continuum: linkage to care, antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and viral suppression. An egocentric network design combined with multilevel logit modeling was employed to investigate factors associated with ART initiation and viral suppression.

Joint association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal exposures with sex steroid hormones in children and adolescents aged 6-19 years in NHANES 2013-2016.

Sex hormone homeostasis is crucial for the proper development of children and adolescents. Previous studies have indicated that exposure to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is linked to disruptions in sex hormone levels in this age group. However, there is limited research on the harm caused by exposure to chemical mixtures.

Childhood and Adolescent Overweight/Obesity Prevalence Trends in Jiangsu, China, 2017-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: To investigate temporal trends in childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity in Jiangsu Province, China, evaluating the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Sample: Participants were 210,168 students aged 6-17 years from the five waves of the consecutive cross-sectional Jiangsu provincial surveillance project in 2017-2021.

Study protocol: A national cross-sectional study on psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents in 2023.

Introduction: This study protocol specifies the primary research line and theoretical framework of the 2023 Survey of the Psychology and Behavior of the Chinese Population. It aims to establish a consistent database of Chinese residents' psychological and behavioral surveys through multi-center and large-sample cross-sectional surveys to provide robust data support for developing research in related fields. It will track the public's physical and psychological health more comprehensively and systematically.

Geographic and socioeconomic disparities in mortality burden attributable to long-term exposure to NO across 231 cities in China from 2015 to 2019.

Research on geographic and socioeconomic disparities of NO attributed mortality burden is limited. This study aims to quantify the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the association between long-term exposure to NO and mortality burden in China. We estimated the all-cause mortality burden of adults over 16 years old attributable to NO exposure above 10 µg/m for 231 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2019, and geographic and socioeconomic differences .

Differences in people living with HIV (PLWH) population aged over 50 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

To explore differences among the elderly people (aged over 50 years old) living with HIV (PLWH) who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), we collected and analyzed data using cross-sectional research methods. Among 520 elderly PLWH on ART, those over 60 years old, compared to those aged 50-60, had lower levels of education, more retirees in occupation distribution, a lower rate of active consultation, a higher proportion of heterosexual transmission, and more complications. Additionally, this study demonstrated a greater incidence of severe disease symptoms and a higher rate of ART failure.

Construction of a prediction model for Alzheimer's disease using an AI-driven eye-tracking task on mobile devices.

Background: Eye-movement can reflect cognition and provide information on the neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The high cost and limited accessibility of eye-movement recordings have hindered their use in clinics.

Aims: We aim to develop an AI-driven eye-tracking tool for assessing AD using mobile devices with embedded cameras.

Cadmium biphasically impacts the adaptive immune system via regulating mitochondrial activation of hematopoietic stem cells in mice.

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal in human body, and therefore understanding the immunotoxicity of Cd is significant for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in regulating the immunotoxicity of Cd. After exposure to 10 ppm Cd via drinking water for up to 9 months, C57BL/6 mice had a suppressed adaptive immune system at day 135 but had an enhanced adaptive immune system at day 270 during Cd exposure.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Black Carbon Air Pollution and Incident Mortality among the Advance-Aged Adults in China: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: We aimed to assess associations between black carbon (BC) and non-accidental mortality among advance-aged adults in China.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in 22 provinces of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We calculated concentrations of 3-year average BC, fine particulate matter (PM2.

Global analysis of influenza epidemic characteristics in the first two seasons after lifting the non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the global influenza seasonal patterns due to non-pharmaceutical interventions. This study aims to describe the influenza seasonal characteristics in the first two seasons after lifting COVID-19 NPIs and assess shifts before, during, and after the pandemic.

Methods: We analyzed country-specific weekly influenza data (2011-2024) from WHO FluNet and collected COVID-19 NPI timing from official announcements.

Effects of mixed exposure to PFAS on adolescent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Integrating evidence from human cohorts, toxicogenomics, and animal models to uncover mechanisms and potential target sites.

Extensive evidence suggests a correlation between environmental pollutants, specifically perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to investigate the association and underlying mechanisms of PFAS-induced NAFLD in adolescents by employing a comprehensive approach of population-based studies, toxicogenomics, and animal models. A total of 2014 freshmen from Dali University were recruited for this study, with 1694 participants undergoing serum testing for PFAS exposure.

Epidemiological Analysis of Tuberculosis Infection and Trend Changes - 152 Belt and Road Partner Countries, 2013-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The Belt and Road Initiative promotes increased interactions among participating countries, which concurrently elevates the risk of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). Since TB infection can significantly contribute to the disease burden, it is crucial to delineate the epidemic status and identify the change trends in TB infection among the countries involved in the initiative.

What Is Added By This Report?: TB infection was prevalent in 152 countries along the Belt and Road initiative.

The associations of dietary manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium and magnesium with cognitive outcomes in Chinese adults: a cross sectional study in Shanghai.

Introduction: The role of individual nutrients including vitamins and minerals in cognitive function gained increasing attention in recent years. With regard to the association between dietary minerals and cognitive function, the results of human studies are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the association between mineral intake and cognitive function using the data from Shanghai Health and Nutrition Survey (SHNS) in 2018.

The First Case of Serogroup Y and An Expanded Investigation of Healthy Carriers - Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China, 2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: (Nm) is a bacterial pathogen that causes meningococcal disease. Serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y account for the vast majority of cases. However, invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by NmY is rare in China and has been reported only in Tianjin, Guangdong, Shanghai, and Hunan provinces and cities.

Exploring PDE5A upregulation in bipolar disorder: insights from single-nucleus RNA sequencing of human basal ganglia.

Basal ganglia is proposed to mediate symptoms underlying bipolar disorder (BD). To understand the cell type-specific gene expression and network changes of BD basal ganglia, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing of 30,752 nuclei from caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra of control human postmortem brain and 24,672 nuclei from BD brain. Differential expression analysis revealed major difference lying in caudate, with BD medium spiny neurons (MSNs) expressing significantly higher PDE5A, a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase.

Individual and joint associations between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function: A longitudinal analysis among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Introduction: Studies using cross-sectional data or with a short follow-up period fail to distinguish whether the associations between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function result from reverse causation.

Methods: The longitudinal study examined the individual and joint associations, with specific temporality, between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function, using time-lagged linear mixed models and generalized additive mixed models.

Results: A total of 14,694 participants aged ≥ 50 years were included, with an average lagged time of 4.

Impact of financial support on treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A population-based, retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China.

Background: To date, the prolonged treatment duration and expensive second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (SLDs) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) can impose a significant financial burden, which may negatively impact treatment outcomes. This study examines the effect of a subsidy policy on treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patient..

Genome-Wide Association Study of Persistent Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Among HIV-Positive Males in Taizhou, China: A Cohort Study.

The determinants of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remain largely unknown, and existing studies have predominantly focused on the female population. Individual genetic background may influence the persistence of HPV infection, we the evidence overall and among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive males are very limited. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with anal HPV persistence, based on a cohort designed to study the natural history of anal HPV infection among HIV-positive males in Taizhou, China from 2016 to 2022.

Characteristics of the gut microbiota and the effect of in very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease patients with IL10RA mutations.

Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a distinct subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by onset before the age of 6 years, and patients often exhibit more severe clinical features. Interleukin 10 receptor alpha (IL10RA) is a hotspot mutation in the Chinese population and is associated with a poor prognosis closely linked to the onset of IBD. However, limited knowledge exists regarding how the IL10RA mutation influences the host microbiota and its role in disease development.