Comparative Analysis of and Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical Strains.

is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. There were significant differences among isolates in terms of their mortality rate in , cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells, hemolytic activity, and expression of important virulence genes.

An MDR Salmonella Enteritidis sublineage associated with gastroenteritis outbreaks and invasive disease in China.

Objectives: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a commonly reported pathogen which adapts to multiple hosts and causes critical disease burden at a global level. Here, we investigated a recently derived epidemic sublineage with multidrug resistance (MDR), which have caused extended time-period and cross-regional gastroenteritis outbreaks and even invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease (iNTS) in China.

[Surveillance of parasitic infections in market-sold aquatic products and knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases among residents in Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of parasitic infections in market-sold aquatic products in Shanghai Municipality, and to understand the knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases among residents, so as to provide insights into the surveillance and control of food-borne parasitic diseases.

Methods: Freshwater products, seawater products and pickled products were randomly obtained from agricultural trade markets, supermarkets, retail stores and restaurants in Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023. Parasite metacercariae and larvae were detected in these aquatic products using pressing method, digestion method and the dissection method, and the detection of parasitic infection was compared in different types of aquatic products.

Effects of group communication norms on daily steps in a team-based financial incentive mobile phone intervention in Shanghai, China.

Background: Mobile technology offers great potential for physical activity promotion, especially by facilitating online communication, however, the impact of group communication norms on intervention effectiveness remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect on daily steps of a team-based social norms-related intervention using a mobile application.

Methods: The 13-week quasi-experimental study was conducted in Shanghai, China, from September to November 2019, involving 2,985 employees from 32 worksites.

Rotavirus vaccine effectiveness and coverage among children younger than 5 years old in Shanghai, China: A test-negative case control study.

Objectives: The number of post-marketing studies assessing the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR, licensed in 2000 exclusively in China) and the oral human attenuated pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, licensed in China in 2018) in China is limited.

Methods: A test-negative case-control study based on prospective surveillance was conducted among diarrhea patients aged 5 years and younger at five hospitals in Shanghai, China. Cases and controls were defined based on the results of real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of fecal samples for rotavirus.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Sporadic Foodborne Diseases Caused by - China, 2013-2022.

Introduction: () is a common foodborne pathogen in coastal areas of China. Most epidemiological studies on have focused on foodborne disease outbreaks, with fewer studies based on long-term, continuous, and systematic sentinel surveillance.

Methods: Data were collected from the national foodborne disease active surveillance program in 31 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) in China from 2013 to 2022.

The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy in Health Self-Management and Psychological Stress Among Older Adults in Shanghai: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis.

Background: Given the demographic shift towards an older population, it is crucial to understand the determinants and implications of psychological distress among this demographic group. This study explores the relationship between health self-management and psychological distress in older Chinese adults, focusing on the mediating role of general self-efficacy (GSE).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in five districts of Shanghai from 1 November to 31 December 2021, employing a random cluster sampling method.

Global Trends and Hotspots in Non-Targeted Screening of Water Pollution Research: Bibliometric and Visual Analysis.

Non-targeted screening (NTS) technology has been showing significant potential in identifying contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water and has attracted great attention in academia in recent years. It is a method that analyzes samples without pre-selecting substances, enabling the detection and identification of unknown compounds, which is crucial for environmental health and public protection. This study uses the Bibliometrix package in R 4.

Refining breast cancer genetic risk and biology through multi-ancestry fine-mapping analyses of 192 risk regions.

Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 200 genetic risk loci for breast cancer, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known breast cancer risk loci using genome-wide association study data from 172,737 female breast cancer cases and 242,009 controls of African, Asian and European ancestry. We identified 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, including 131 signals not reported previously, and for 50 of them, we narrowed the credible causal variants down to a single variant.

Quantitative study on hepatic genotoxicity of neodymium and its molecular mechanisms based on Benchmark Dose method.

Introduction: Neodymium, a rare earth element, has been shown to induce genotoxicity in mice, but the molecular mechanisms behind this effect are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the genotoxic effects of intragastric administration of neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO)) over 28 consecutive days and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: We detected the content of neodymium in mouse liver tissue using ICP-MS and assessed the percentage of tail DNA in mouse hepatocytes using the alkaline comet assay to evaluate genotoxicity.

Role of Individual and Network Factors in HIV Care Continuum Outcomes among PLWH: An Egocentric Network Study in Yunnan, China.

Due to limited data on the determinants of HIV care continuum outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH) in resource-limited settings, this study aimed to identify individual and social support network factors influencing these outcomes, thereby informing the development of intervention strategies to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. PLWH in Yunnan, China, were recruited using convenience sampling at three stages of the HIV care continuum: linkage to care, antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and viral suppression. An egocentric network design combined with multilevel logit modeling was employed to investigate factors associated with ART initiation and viral suppression.

Joint association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal exposures with sex steroid hormones in children and adolescents aged 6-19 years in NHANES 2013-2016.

Sex hormone homeostasis is crucial for the proper development of children and adolescents. Previous studies have indicated that exposure to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is linked to disruptions in sex hormone levels in this age group. However, there is limited research on the harm caused by exposure to chemical mixtures.

Childhood and Adolescent Overweight/Obesity Prevalence Trends in Jiangsu, China, 2017-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: To investigate temporal trends in childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity in Jiangsu Province, China, evaluating the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Sample: Participants were 210,168 students aged 6-17 years from the five waves of the consecutive cross-sectional Jiangsu provincial surveillance project in 2017-2021.

Differences in people living with HIV (PLWH) population aged over 50 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

To explore differences among the elderly people (aged over 50 years old) living with HIV (PLWH) who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), we collected and analyzed data using cross-sectional research methods. Among 520 elderly PLWH on ART, those over 60 years old, compared to those aged 50-60, had lower levels of education, more retirees in occupation distribution, a lower rate of active consultation, a higher proportion of heterosexual transmission, and more complications. Additionally, this study demonstrated a greater incidence of severe disease symptoms and a higher rate of ART failure.

Cadmium biphasically impacts the adaptive immune system via regulating mitochondrial activation of hematopoietic stem cells in mice.

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal in human body, and therefore understanding the immunotoxicity of Cd is significant for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in regulating the immunotoxicity of Cd. After exposure to 10 ppm Cd via drinking water for up to 9 months, C57BL/6 mice had a suppressed adaptive immune system at day 135 but had an enhanced adaptive immune system at day 270 during Cd exposure.

Global analysis of influenza epidemic characteristics in the first two seasons after lifting the nonpharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the global influenza seasonal patterns due to nonpharmaceutical interventions. This study aims to describe the influenza seasonal characteristics in the first two seasons after lifting COVID-19 NPIs and assess shifts before, during, and after the pandemic.

Methods: We analyzed country-specific weekly influenza data (2011-2024) from WHO FluNet and collected COVID-19 NPI timing from official announcements.

Effects of mixed exposure to PFAS on adolescent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Integrating evidence from human cohorts, toxicogenomics, and animal models to uncover mechanisms and potential target sites.

Extensive evidence suggests a correlation between environmental pollutants, specifically perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to investigate the association and underlying mechanisms of PFAS-induced NAFLD in adolescents by employing a comprehensive approach of population-based studies, toxicogenomics, and animal models. A total of 2014 freshmen from Dali University were recruited for this study, with 1694 participants undergoing serum testing for PFAS exposure.

Epidemiological Analysis of Tuberculosis Infection and Trend Changes - 152 Belt and Road Partner Countries, 2013-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The Belt and Road Initiative promotes increased interactions among participating countries, which concurrently elevates the risk of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). Since TB infection can significantly contribute to the disease burden, it is crucial to delineate the epidemic status and identify the change trends in TB infection among the countries involved in the initiative.

What Is Added By This Report?: TB infection was prevalent in 152 countries along the Belt and Road initiative.

The associations of dietary manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium and magnesium with cognitive outcomes in Chinese adults: a cross sectional study in Shanghai.

Introduction: The role of individual nutrients including vitamins and minerals in cognitive function gained increasing attention in recent years. With regard to the association between dietary minerals and cognitive function, the results of human studies are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the association between mineral intake and cognitive function using the data from Shanghai Health and Nutrition Survey (SHNS) in 2018.

Individual and joint associations between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function: A longitudinal analysis among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Introduction: Studies using cross-sectional data or with a short follow-up period fail to distinguish whether the associations between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function result from reverse causation.

Methods: The longitudinal study examined the individual and joint associations, with specific temporality, between sleep duration and physical activity with cognitive function, using time-lagged linear mixed models and generalized additive mixed models.

Results: A total of 14,694 participants aged ≥ 50 years were included, with an average lagged time of 4.

Impact of financial support on treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A population-based, retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China.

Background: To date, the prolonged treatment duration and expensive second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (SLDs) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) can impose a significant financial burden, which may negatively impact treatment outcomes. This study examines the effect of a subsidy policy on treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patient..

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) induced bone loss by inhibiting FoxO1-mediated defense against oxidative stress in osteoblast.

Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been associated with lower bone density and the occurrence of osteoporosis in human studies, but the effects and mechanisms of PFOS induces bone loss is not well understood. Our research is aimed at examining the effects of PFOS on osteoblastic activity and investigating the toxicological mechanisms of PFOS-induced bone loss. Cell proliferation, ALP activity, bone nodule formation, ROS levels, and cell apoptosis were assessed after treating osteoblasts with different concentrations of PFOS.

Interference Mechanisms of Endocrine System and Other Systems of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Cosmetics-In Vitro Studies.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), found in various cosmetic products, interfere with the normal functioning of the endocrine system, impacting hormone regulation and posing risks to human health. Common cosmetic EDCs, such as ultraviolet (UV) filters, parabens, and triclosan, can enter the human body through different routes, including skin absorption. Their presence has been linked to adverse effects on reproduction, immune function, and development.

pLM33 provides tolerance of persistent Listeria monocytogenes ST5 to various stress conditions and also enhances its virulence.

Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen. In our previous study, we found that L. monocytogenes ST5 and ST121 strains were dominant in two food plants of Shanghai.

[Consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in body composition measurement in children aged 6-17 years in China].

To evaluate the consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the measurement of body composition in children aged 6-17 years in China. Fat-free mass, fat mass and fat mass percentage were measured by both BIA and DXA in 1 161 children. -test or Wilcoxon paired test was used to evaluate the different outcome of the two methods.