High Fat Diet and High Sucrose Intake Divergently Induce Dysregulation of Glucose Homeostasis through Distinct Gut Microbiota-Derived Bile Acid Metabolism in Mice.

A high calorie diet such as excessive fat and sucrose intake is always accompanied by impaired glucose homeostasis such as T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus). However, it remains unclear how fat and sucrose individually affect host glucose metabolism. In this study, mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD) or 30% sucrose in drinking water (HSD) for 24 weeks, and glucose metabolism, gut microbiota composition, as well as bile acid (BA) profile were investigated.

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings Contribute to Differentiating Solid- and Nonsolid-Type Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma in Maxillary Sinus.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the imaging features of maxillary sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to investigate the imaging differences between solid and nonsolid maxillary sinus ACC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 40 cases of histopathologically confirmed ACC of the maxillary sinus. All the patients underwent CT and MRI.

An immunotherapeutic artificial vitreous body hydrogel to control choroidal melanoma and preserve vision after vitrectomy.

Choroidal melanoma, a common intraocular malignant tumor, relies on local radiotherapy and enucleation for treatment. However, cancer recurrence and visual impairment remain important challenges. Here, a therapeutic artificial vitreous body (AVB) hydrogel based on tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol) was developed to control the recurrence of choroidal melanoma and preserve vision after vitrectomy.

Deficits of Visual Cortex Function in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia Patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the cortical deficits of patients with acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) technique.

Methods: Rs-fMRI signals from 25 patients with AACE and 25 matched controls were collected. The repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) test and two-sample t-test were used to investigate statistical differences of the amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) signals and correlation analysis was performed to validate the relationship of signal change and clinical features.

Integrin beta1 mediates the effect of telocytes on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and migration in the treatment of acute lung injury.

Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with telocytes (TCs) was found to have therapeutic effects, although the mechanism of intercellular communication is still unknown. Our current studies aim at exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of TCs interaction and communication with MSCs with a focus on integrin beta1 (ITGB1) in TCs. We found that the co-culture of MSCs with ITGB1-deleted TCs (TC ) changed the proliferation, differentiation and growth dynamics ability of MSC in responses to LPS or PI3K inhibitor.

The molecular regulatory mechanisms of meiotic arrest and resumption in Oocyte development and maturation.

In human female primordial germ cells, the transition from mitosis to meiosis begins from the fetal stage. In germ cells, meiosis is arrested at the diplotene stage of prophase in meiosis I (MI) after synapsis and recombination of homologous chromosomes, which cannot be segregated. Within the follicle, the maintenance of oocyte meiotic arrest is primarily attributed to high cytoplasmic concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).

Chronic stress induces meiotic arrest failure and ovarian reserve decline via the cAMP signaling pathway.

Chronic stress is suspected to be a causal factor of female subfertility; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that chronic stress inhibited the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, leading to ovarian reserve decline in mice. A chronic stress model was constructed using restraint stress for 8 weeks.

An abnormal LPA/LPAR1-NHE1 axis leads to the autophagy deficiency of trophoblast cells in recurrent spontaneous abortion.

In Brief: Autophagy is important for trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. This study suggests that trophoblast cells can promote the autophagy under a regulation of the LPA/LPAR 1-NHE1 axis.

Abstract: The autophagy of trophoblasts is necessary for developing and maintaining a healthy pregnancy.

Fabrication of near infrared light responsive photoelectrochemical immunosensor for in vivo detection of melanoma cells.

Effective and convenient detection of melanoma cells with high sensitivity is essential to identify malignant melanoma in its early stage. However, the existing detection methods, such as immunohistochemical analysis, are too complicated and time-consuming to realize the convenient in vivo and in situ detection. Herein, a near infrared responsive photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor is proposed with plasmonic Au nanoparticles-photonic TiO nanocaves (Au/TiO NCs) as photon harvest and conversion transducer and antibody as cell recognition unit.

A Cellular Senescence-Related Signature Predicts Cervical Cancer Patient Outcome and Immunotherapy Sensitivity.

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent gynecological malignancies. The rate of mortality and morbidity among patients with CC is high. Cellular senescence is involved in tumorigenesis as well as in the cancer progression.

Establishment and characterization of a novel cell line (SCCOHT-CH-1) and PDX models derived from Chinese patients of small cell ovarian carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type.

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare and aggressive malignancy that poses a significant clinical challenge due to its grim prognosis. Unfortunately, only three SCCOHT cell lines are currently available for scientific research. In this study, we have successfully established a novel SCCOHT cell line from a recurrent lesion of a SCCOHT patient, named SCCOHT-CH-1.

Active Estrogen-Succinate Metabolism Promotes Heme Accumulation and Increases the Proliferative and Invasive Potential of Endometrial Cancer Cells.

Uterine endometrial cancer (UEC) is an estrogen-related tumor. Succinate and heme metabolism play important roles in the progression of multiple tumors. However, the relationship between estrogen, succinate, and heme metabolism and related regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Bowel wall thickness measured by MRI is useful for early diagnosis of bowel endometriosis.

Objective: To evaluate MRI features of bowel endometriosis (BE) and verify its clinical significance compared with pathological diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Since 2018, patients clinically diagnosed with deep endometriosis (DE) and planned to undergo surgery were enrolled prospectively. MRI parameters including traction, thickening sign of the rectum, obliteration of the Douglas Pouch, sign of adenomyosis, and pelvic adhesion were extracted.

The efficacy of GnRH-a followed by SanJieZhenTong capsules in long-term management of endometriosis: Study protocol for a multicenter, double-blinded, double-dummy randomized clinical trial.

Background: Endometriosis is a common benign gynecological disorder with high risk of recurrence and adverse impact on fertility-sparing. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SanJieZhenTong Capsules, a traditional Chinese medicine, in the long-term management of endometriosis postoperatively.

Methods: and analysis: A prospective, double-blinded, double-dummy parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted at three university-based medical centers in China.

Evaluation of new robust silk fibroin hydrogels for posterior scleral reinforcement in rabbits.

Currently, there is no ideal material available for posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) to prevent the progression of high myopia. In this study, we investigated robust regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) hydrogels as potential grafts for PSR in animal experiments to evaluate their safety and biological reactions. PSR surgery was performed on the right eye of twenty-eight adult New Zealand white rabbits, with the left eye serving as a self-control.

NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging for the Detection and Resection of Cancerous Foci and Lymph Nodes in Early-Stage Orthotopic and Advanced-Stage Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Models.

The high mortality rate of ovarian cancer can be primarily attributed to late diagnosis and early lymph node (LN) metastasis. The anatomically deep-located ovaries own intricate anatomical structures and lymphatic drainages that compromise the resolution and sensitivity of near-infrared first-window (NIR-I) fluorescence imaging. Reported NIR-II imaging studies of ovarian cancer focused on late-stage metastasis detection via the intraperitoneal xenograft model.

Chinese Guideline on the Management of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (2022).

Background In mainland China, patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) have approximately an 40% prevalence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). This disease leads to recurrent retinal pigment epithelium detachment (PED), extensive subretinal or vitreous hemorrhages, and severe vision loss. China has introduced various treatment modalities in the past years and gained comprehensive experience in treating PCV.

Prognostic implications of systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiotherapy.

Background: Previous studies have shown that systemic inflammation indicators could predict the survival outcomes of patients with malignant tumors receiving various treatments. Radiotherapy, as a crucial treatment modality, effectively alleviates discomfort in patients with bone metastasis (BM) and greatly improves the quality of life for them. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of systemic inflammation index in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with BM treated with radiotherapy.

Metabolomics analysis of islet regeneration in partial pancreatectomy mice reveals increased levels of long-chain fatty acids and activated cAMP signaling pathway.

Islet regeneration is a complex process involving multiple metabolic adaptions, but the specific characterization of the islet metabolome in relation to cell proliferation has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the metabolomic changes of regenerative islets from partial pancreatectomy (Ppx) mice and speculate underlying mechanisms. Islet samples were collected from C57/BL6 mice undergoing 70-80% Ppx or sham surgery, followed by analyses of glucose homeostasis, islet morphology, and untargeted metabolomics profiles using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Fully automated pixel-wise quantitative CMR-myocardial perfusion with CMR-coronary angiography to detect hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease.

Objectives: We applied a fully automated pixel-wise post-processing framework to evaluate fully quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging (CMR-MPI). In addition, we aimed to evaluate the additive value of coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) to the diagnostic performance of fully automated pixel-wise quantitative CMR-MPI for detecting hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: A total of 109 patients with suspected CAD were prospectively enrolled and underwent stress and rest CMR-MPI, CMRA, invasive coronary angiography (ICA), and fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Diane-35 and metformin therapy in rats with endometrial lesions induced by dihydrotestosterone exposure.

Background: Cotreatment with metformin and Diane-35 is conventionally used in the clinic to ameliorate ovulatory dysfunction and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We previously showed that this combination treatment could reverse endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer (EC) in patients with PCOS. Here, we aimed to investigate the influence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and this cotreatment on the endometrium, along with the related mechanisms.