Diagnostic value of microRNA-129-5p and TSH combination for papillary thyroid cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objective: The papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) incidence is on the increase. We explored the diagnostic value of microRNA (miR)-129-5p & serologic indicator thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test in PTC with cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods: According to the pathological "gold standard," 198 PTC patients were assigned into the LNM (n = 93)/non-LNM (n = 105) groups, with their medical records collected.

Identification of blood-derived exosomal tumor RNA signatures as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for multi-cancer: a multi-phase, multi-center study.

Background: Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, making early detection crucial for improving survival outcomes. The study aims to develop a machine learning-enabled blood-derived exosomal RNA profiling platform for multi-cancer detection and localization.

Methods: In this multi-phase, multi-center study, we analyzed RNA from exosomes derived from peripheral blood plasma in 818 participants across eight cancer types during the discovery phase.

The correlation between serum sex hormone levels and clear cell renal cell carcinoma in male patients.

To investigate the correlation between serum sex hormone levels and clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC). The clinical data of male patients diagnosed with ccRCC and with simple renal cysts in our hospital from 2017 to 2023 were collected. The basic clinical data and serum sex hormone levels, including luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol(E), prolactin (PRL), progesterone(P), and testosterone (T), were compared between patients with ccRCC and patients with simple renal cysts.

Metabolomics unveils the role of pipecolic acid in regulating monocytes/macrophages-endothelial cells crosstalk to modulate choroidal neovascularization.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a leading cause of vision loss in ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of CNV remain incompletely understood, with a predominant focus on endothelial dysfunction. CNV, however, is a multi-cellular, multi-stage process involving complex interactions between endothelial cells, monocytes/macrophages, and other immune cells.

Phenotype-specific metabolic patterns in Posterior cortical atrophy and early-onset typical Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is generally considered an atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is an important component of early-onset AD. Symptomatologic heterogeneity has led to a high rate of misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of early-onset AD. We sought to establish the phenotypic-specific metabolic patterns of PCA and early-onset typical AD (tAD) and to assess whether phenotype-specific neuroimaging biomarkers are more valuable for disease recognition.

Adipose-derived stem cells enhance the tumorigenic potential of pre-malignant breast epithelial cells through paracrine activation of PI3K-AKT pathway.

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-assisted fat grafting has emerged as a widely used procedure for breast reconstruction post mastectomy and for aesthetic augmentation. Given the limited cases of breast cancer following grafting, the oncological safety of this procedure remains controversial.

Methods: The effects of ADSCs on the oncogenic features of premalignant MCF-10AT cells were investigated using co-culture and xenograft models.

A 10-year bibliometric analysis in the field of osteosarcoma treatment from 2014 to 2023.

Objective: This paper aims to explore the research hot spot and development trend in osteosarcoma treatment using a bibliometric method based upon Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) platform over the last decade.

Methods: The literature related to osteosarcoma and cure which were published from January 2014 to December 2023 were retrieved from the database of WoSCC and made an overall analysis for the papers published including number of articles, distribution of countries and institutions, author information, and keywords, with the CiteSpace 6.2.

Inhibition of liver cancer cell growth by metabolites S-adenosylmethionine and nicotinic acid originating from liver progenitor cells.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, presents a challenging malignancy with scarce treatment options. Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) play a pivotal role in both liver regeneration and the progression of liver cancer, yet the specific functions of LPCs from different origins in liver cancer remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods: We explored the liver progenitor-like cells derived from human hepatocytes (HepLPCs) on the proliferation of HCC both in vitro and in vivo.

Transcriptome Landscape of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Human PDAC.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, integrated single-cell RNA sequencing analysis is utilized to comprehensively map CAFs in the human PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME). Normal fibroblasts (NFs) and nine distinct CAF subtypes are identified including newly identified CAF subtypes, CDCP1FTL CAFs, transitional CAFs (tCAFs), interferon simulated genes (ISG) myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs), and proliferative CAFs (pCAFs).

Blocking the SIRPα-CD47 axis promotes macrophage phagocytosis of exosomes derived from visceral adipose tissue and improves inflammation and metabolism in mice.

Background: Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in systemic metabolism and maintaining bodily homeostasis. Exosomes from adipose tissues, known as AT-Exos, are recognized as important messengers in the communication between adipose tissue and other organs. Despite this, the alterations in exosome composition and the functional disparities among depot-specific AT-Exos in obesity remain elusive.

Hepatic sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 promotes steatohepatitis by disrupting membrane sphingolipid metabolism.

Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains a major health challenge. Herein, we identify sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3) as a key driver of hepatic ceramide accumulation through increasing sphingomyelin hydrolysis at the cell membrane. Hepatocyte-specific Smpd3 gene disruption or pharmacological inhibition of SMPD3 alleviates MASH, whereas reintroducing SMPD3 reverses the resolution of MASH.

Hexokinase 2-mediated metabolic stress and inflammation burden of liver macrophages via histone lactylation in MASLD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by metabolic dysfunction and inflammation burden, involving a significant enhancement of cellular glycolytic activity. Here, we elucidate how a positive feedback loop in liver macrophages drives MASLD pathogenesis and demonstrate that disrupting this cycle mitigates metabolic stress and macrophage M1 activation during MASLD. We detect elevated expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2) and H3K18la in liver macrophages from patients with MASLD and MASLD mice.

Prefrontal FGF1 Signaling is Required for Accumbal Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Addiction.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a prospective treatment for psychiatric disorders; for example, DBS targeting the nucleus accumbens (NAc) abolishes addictive behaviors. However, neither the core pathway nor the cellular mechanisms underlying these therapeutic effects are known. Here, morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice as an addiction model and NAc-DBS combined with adeno-associated virus gene delivery for activity-dependent tagging, transgenic and chemogenetic manipulation of recruited neuronal networks are used.

A novel portable and radiation-free method for assessing scoliosis: an accurate and reproducible study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of a newly developed portable and radiation-free three-dimensional spine sensing system (3D-SSS) for scoliosis assessment.

Methods: A total of 145 patients underwent full-spine imaging using the EOS imaging system, and 3D-SSS data were collected between February 2023 and April 2023. A radiologist used sterEOS software to reconstruct the spine in 3D and obtain the Cobb angle.

Effects of 12-week whole-body vibration training versus resistance training in older people with sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is a syndrome commonly found in older people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration training (WBVT) and resistance training (RT) on body composition, muscle strength, physical performance and blood biomarkers in older people with sarcopenia. We conducted a 12-week, 3-times-weekly assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial of 27 older people with sarcopenia aged ≥ 65 years.

Integrative Analysis of Cuproptosis-Related Mitochondrial Depolarisation Genes for Prognostic Prediction in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

In this research, we conducted an in-depth analysis of differentially expressed genes associated with mitochondrial depolarisation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using single-cell sequencing. By combining our findings with cuproptosis-related genes, we identified 10 significant risk genes: DCN, PTHLH, CRYAB, HMGCS1, DSG3, ZFP36L2, SCAND1, NUDT4, NDUFA4L2 and RPL36A, using univariate Cox regression analysis and machine learning methods. These genes form the core of our prognosis risk prediction model, which demonstrated high specificity and accuracy in predicting patient outcomes, as evidenced by ROC curve analysis.

Successful Treatment of Facial Multiple Melanocytic Nevus-Like Dark Macules Caused by Severe Acne Vulgaris by a Single Session of Intense Pulsed Light Treatment.

Background And Objective: The case report aims to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of a single session of intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment on facial multiple melanocytic nevus-like dark macules induced by severe acne vulgaris.

Materials And Methods: A 17-year-old male with acne was assessed as Pillsbury IV according to the Pillsbury classification. After three sessions of photodynamic therapy (PDT), he experienced an increase in number and darkening of facial melanocytic nevus-like dark macules.

Deep Learning-Based Drug Compounds Discovery for Gynecomastia.

Gynecomastia, caused by an estrogen-testosterone imbalance, affects males across various age groups. With unclear mechanisms and no approved drugs, the condition underscores the need for efficient, innovative treatment strategies. This study utilized deep learning-based computational methods to discover potential drug compounds for gynecomastia.

Structure-guided development of chemically tailored peptide binders of RNF43/ZNRF3 to enable versatile design of membrane protein-targeting PROTACs.

Targeted membrane protein degradation using cell surface E3 ligases RNF43/ZNRF3 via proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) represents an effective strategy for treating membrane drug targets that cannot be fully inhibited using traditional inhibitors. Several ingenious chimeras have been developed to tether RNF43/ZNRF3 to target membrane proteins, resulting in the degradation of targets at sub-nanomolar concentrations both in vitro and in vivo. However, currently available RNF43/ZNRF3 binders are genetically encoded and have poor plasticity, which limits the design and promotion of such PROTACs.

Identification of the specific characteristics of neuroendocrine prostate cancer: Immune status, hub genes and treatment.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) marks the advanced phase of prostate malignancy, manifested through two principal subtypes: castration-resistant adenocarcinoma (CRPC-adeno) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). This study aims to identify unique central regulatory genes, assess the immunological landscape, and explore potential therapeutic strategies specifically tailored to NEPC. We discovered 1444 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) distinguishing between the two cancer types and identified 12 critical hub genes.

Effects of CPAP on Neuroimaging Biomarkers and Cognition in Adult OSA: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment. The effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance among middle-aged patients with OSA and normal cognition remain unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of CPAP therapy over 12 months on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance.

iPSC-derived exosomes as amphotericin B carriers: a promising approach to combat cryptococcal meningitis.

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a significant global health issue, particularly affecting individuals with HIV. Amphotericin B (AmB) serves as the cornerstone treatment for CM; however, its clinical application is restricted due to limited penetration of the blood-brain barrier and associated nephrotoxicity.

Objective: This study investigates the use of exosomes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-Exos) as carriers for AmB in treating CM, aiming to enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety and reduce AmB toxicity.

EEG-based multivariate and univariate analyses reveal the mechanisms underlying the recognition-based production effect: evidence from mixed-list design.

The production effect (PE) is a phenomenon where reading words aloud, rather than silently, during study leads to improved recognition memory. Human recognition memory can be divided into recollection (recognition based on complex contextual information) and familiarity (recognition based on a sense of familiarity). This study explored how reading aloud affects recollection and familiarity using electroencephalography (EEG) in a mixed-list design.