Marriage of Virus-Mimic Surface Topology and Microbubble-Assisted Ultrasound for Enhanced Intratumor Accumulation and Improved Cancer Theranostics.

The low delivery efficiency of nanoparticles to solid tumors greatly reduces the therapeutic efficacy and safety which is closely related to low permeability and poor distribution at tumor sites. In this work, an "intrinsic plus extrinsic superiority" administration strategy is proposed to dramatically enhance the mean delivery efficiency of nanoparticles in prostate cancer to 6.84% of injected dose, compared to 1.

Chemoreactive Nanotherapeutics by Metal Peroxide Based Nanomedicine.

The advances of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine enable the triggering of in situ chemical reactions in disease microenvironment for achieving disease-specific nanotherapeutics with both intriguing therapeutic efficacy and mitigated side effects. Metal peroxide based nanoparticles, as one of the important but generally ignored categories of metal-involved nanosystems, can function as the solid precursors to produce oxygen (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) through simple chemical reactions, both of which are the important chemical species for enhancing the therapeutic outcome of versatile modalities, accompanied with the unique bioactivity of metal ion based components. This progress report summarizes and discusses the most representative paradigms of metal peroxides in chemoreactive nanomedicine, including copper peroxide (CuO), calcium peroxide (CaO), magnesium peroxide (MgO), zinc peroxide (ZnO), barium peroxide (BaO), and titanium peroxide (TiO) nanosystems.

ESC-sEVs Rejuvenate Senescent Hippocampal NSCs by Activating Lysosomes to Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Vascular Dementia.

Vascular dementia (VD) is one of the most common types of dementia, however, the intrinsic mechanism is unclear and there is still lack of effective medications. In this study, the VD rats exhibit a progressive cognitive impairment, as well as a time-related increasing in hippocampal neural stem cells (H-NSCs) senescence, lost and neurogenesis decline. Then, embryonic stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (ESC-sEVs) are intravenously injected into VD rats.

2D MXene-Integrated 3D-Printing Scaffolds for Augmented Osteosarcoma Phototherapy and Accelerated Tissue Reconstruction.

The residual of malignant tumor cells and lack of bone-tissue integration are the two critical concerns of bone-tumor recurrence and surgical failure. In this work, the rational integration of 2D TiC MXene is reported with 3D-printing bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds for achieving concurrent bone-tumor killing by photonic hyperthermia and bone-tissue regeneration by bioactive scaffolds. The designed composite scaffolds take the unique feature of high photothermal conversion of integrated 2D TiC MXene for inducing bone-tumor ablation by near infrared-triggered photothermal hyperthermia, which has achieved the complete tumor eradication on in vivo bone-tumor xenografts.

The photocatalytic degradation of chloramphenicol with electrospun BiOCO-poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers: the synthesis of crosslinked polymer, degradation kinetics, mechanism and cytotoxicity.

Insoluble poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanofibers were synthesized by adding pentaerythrotol triacrylate (PETA) into precursor solutions prior to electrospinning, and then the obtained fibers were exposed to an electron beam (EB) irradiation. BiOCO was incorporated into these fibers to extend their photocatalytic properties. Studies confirmed that EB irradiation induced characteristic changes in PEO and led to the formation of a crosslinked structure, from which we optimized the irradiation dose of fibers as 210 kGy.

A somatic mutation of RasGRP3 decreases Na/I symporter expression in metastases of radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid cancer by stimulating the Akt signaling pathway.

Mutation profiles of advanced radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer have revealed the pathogenic roles of the established oncogenic mutations of BRAF and PI3KCA, but the involvement of other genes is presently unknown. In the present study, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 10 tissue samples of metastases of RAI-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers and identified a recurrent hot-spot mutation (c.1924G>T) in the gene, which codes for Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein 3.

Glucocorticoid receptorβ isoform exhibits a disproportionate increase over the α isoform in the lungs of a polytrauma rat model.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent anti-inflammatory agents that act by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR has two main isoforms, GRα and GRβ, and the balance between GRα and GRβ servesan important role in glucocorticoid sensitivity. In the present study, GRα and GRβ mRNA expression was investigated in the lungs ofa polytrauma rat model.

Susceptibility-weighted and diffusion kurtosis imaging to evaluate encephalomalacia with epilepsy after traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Encephalomalacia after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the factors leading to epilepsy. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to explore the brain image features of epilepsy after traumatic encephalomalacia, and to provide objective evidence for predicting the possible occurrence of epilepsy after traumatic encephalomalacia.

Methods: Two-hundred-fifty-two patients with traumatic encephalomalacia were prospectively enrolled in the study.

Intermittent time-set technique controlling the temperature of magnetic-hyperthermia-ablation for tumor therapy.

Magnetic-hyperthermia-ablation is considered as an effective and minimally invasive technology for tumor therapy. However, inappropriate temperature control could induce an excessively high temperature which brings potential safety problems and limits clinical transformation of this technique. Herein, aiming to control the temperature during magnetic hyperthermia ablation, we develop an intermittent time-set technique for temperature control in magnetic hyperthermia ablation of tumors using a polylactic--glycolic acid (PLGA)-FeO implant.

A pH and magnetic dual-response hydrogel for synergistic chemo-magnetic hyperthermia tumor therapy.

To overcome the toxicity of chemotherapy, increasing attention has been paid to local drug delivery systems (DDSs). pH-Sensitive hydrogels have emerged as promising DDS materials in the biomedical field due to their remarkable characteristics. However, the pH environment in tumor varies from person to person, which makes the applicability of systems based on pH challenging.

MYCN contributes to the malignant characteristics of erythroleukemia through EZH2-mediated epigenetic repression of p21.

MYC proto-oncogene family including c-myc and n-myc (MYCN) are critical for normal cell development and tumorigenesis. Overexpression of c-myc causes acute erythroleukemia in vivo. However, the role of MYCN in acute erythroleukemia remains poorly understood.

Better plans and more powerful evidence are needed in the research and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China.

China has the first largest global pool of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. With the implementation of comprehensive intervention of neonatal vaccination based on national strategy, some achievements have been made in control of hepatitis B in China. However, some problems remain unresolved in the research field as well as management of CHB.

Serum osteocalcin levels are inversely associated with the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with coronary artery disease.

Osteocalcin plays roles in energy, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Consequently, the relationship between osteocalcin level and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is of interest. The present study explored the possible correlation between serum osteocalcin levels and NAFLD in patients with CAD.

Preventive effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function and recovery quality in elderly oral cancer patients.

This study analyzed the preventive effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function and recovery quality in elderly oral cancer patients by observing the perioperative kinetics of inflammatory cytokines, cortisol and melatonin.A total of 149 elderly oral cancer patients who had undergone tumor resection surgery were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, Group D and Group S. After surgery, Group D was assigned to take intravenous dexmedetomidine at a dose of 0.

Meta-analysis of Huangqi injection for the adjunctive therapy of aplastic anemia.

Aplastic anemia therapy remains difficult, due to lack of effective treatment regimens. In recent years, Huangqi injection for the adjunctive therapy of aplastic anemia has been reported in many clinical trials. Considering that Huangqi injection may be a novel approach to aplastic anemia treatment, we conducted a meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials to assess the clinical value of Huangqi injection in the treatment of aplastic anemia.

Effect of laminin-binding BDNF on induction of recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration by miR-222 activation of mTOR signal pathway.

Background And Aim: Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is a common severe complication in neck surgery, which can cause varying degrees of vocal fold paralysis and respiratory tract problems. In present study, the effects of laminin-binding brain derived neurotrophic factor (LBD-BDNF) on recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration were explored and its possible mechanism was investigated.

Methods: LBD-BDNF or NAT-BDNF (BDNF without LBD binding) treatment was performed in laryngeal nerve injured rabbits for sixteen weeks.

Dihydromethysticin kavalactone induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells through modulation of PI3K/Akt pathway, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing cell cycle arrest.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the tumor and apoptotic effects of dihydromethysticin kavalactone against human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells. Antiproliferative activity was measured with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis induction by dihydromethysticin was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy, quantitative videomicroscopy and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit.

Research of the heteroresistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) plays plays an important role in nosocomial infection. To explore the heteroresistance of PA to imipenem (IMP), we detected the sensitivity of 140 strains of PA to IMP using the KB method and VITEK method. Combined with resistance mutation analysis, the heteroresistance of PA to IMP was determined.

Repair of osteochondral defects by mosaicplasty and allogeneic BMSCs transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of repairing osteochondral defects with mosaicplasty and allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation.

Methods: BMSCs were harvested from rabbits and maintained in vitro. Cells of third passage were mixed with pluronic F-127.

Slightly focused high-energy shockwave therapy: a potential adjuvant treatment for osteoporotic fracture.

Slightly focused high-energy shockwave (HESW) therapy is characterized by a wide focal area, a large therapy zone, easy positioning and less pain during treatment. The objective of this study was to perform for the first time an in vivo test of the slightly focused HESWs for osteoporotic fractures. Bilateral proximal tibial osteotomies were made in 30 ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats and secured with internal fixation.

The overexpression membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase is associated with the progression and prognosis in breast cancer.

Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been demonstrated to play an important role in tumor progression. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression of MT1-MMP in breast cancer and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics, including the survival of breast cancer patients. In our results, MT-MMP1 was up-expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with ductal hyperplasia tissues in microarray data (GSE2429).

A retrospective study of risk and prognostic factors in relation to lower respiratory tract infection in elderly lung cancer patients.

Lung cancer (LCa) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies in elderly patients. During the course of the disease, these patients frequently present with lower respiratory tract infection. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection in elderly LCa patients and evaluate the impact on overall survival rate.

ABCG2 regulated by MAPK pathways is associated with cancer progression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) overexpression has been associated with multidrug resistance and cancer progression by promoting proliferation and/or suppressing apoptosis, but how this process happens remains to be determined. In this study, the roles and the mechanisms of ABCG2 in the progression of Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) were investigated. We found that introduction of ABCG2 siRNA into Hep-2 and Hep-2T cells significantly enhanced the intracellular accumulation of mitoxantrone (MX).