Microfluidic-based electrically driven particle manipulation techniques for biomedical applications.

Microfluidic chips exhibit unique advantages in both economy and rapidity, particularly for the separation and detection of biomolecules. In this review, we first introduced the mechanisms of several electrically driven methods, such as electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electro-wetting and electro-rotation. We then discussed in detail the application of these methods in nucleic acid analysis, protein manipulation and cell treatment.

Design and synthesis of ()-3-benzylideneindolin-2-one derivatives as potential allosteric inhibitors of Aurora A kinase.

The mitotic kinase Aurora A, a pivotal regulator of the cell cycle, is overexpressed in various cancers and has emerged as one of the most promising targets for anticancer drug discovery. However, the lack of specificity and potential toxicity have impeded clinical trials involving orthosteric inhibitors. In this study, allosteric sites of Aurora A were predicted using the AlloReverse web server.

Identification of novel genomic hotspots and tumor-relevant genes via comprehensive analysis of HPV integration in Chinese patients of cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer accounts for 10-15% of cancer-related mortality among women globally. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types constitutes a significant etiological factor in the development of cervical carcinoma. The integration of HPV DNA into the host genome is considered a pivotal event in cervical carcinogenesis.

Introduction to the themed collection on 'AI in Medicinal Chemistry'.

Jian Zhang, Ola Engkvist and Gerhard Hessler introduce the themed collection on 'AI in Medicinal Chemistry'.

Super-resolution imaging of urethral vasculature in healthy pre- and post-menopausal females.

Previous studies have postulated that the urethral vasculature (UV) might play an important role in urinary continence for women. The goal of this research was to compare the UV in pre- and post-menopausal women using a super-resolution ultrasound imaging method called Super Ultrasound for Greater Accuracy and Resolution (SUGAR). We found that post-menopausal women exhibited decreased UV parameters such as fractal dimension, vessel proportion, and mean blood vessel diameter than pre-menopausal women.

Predictive value of the Rothman index for unplanned 90-day readmission rates following hospital discharge in oral cancer patients.

This study aims to evaluate the predictive capability of the Rothman Index in determining unplanned readmissions within 90 days after discharge for oral cancer patients. The consecutive recruitment was carried out from May 1, 2020, to May 31, 2023, at the outpatient department of Ruijin Hospital of Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Hospital. The evaluation is based on internationally recognized clinical evaluation indicators.

Blockade of TNF-α/TNFR2 signalling suppresses colorectal cancer and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy by decreasing CCR8+T regulatory cells.

The enrichment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumour microenvironment (TME) has been recognized as one of the major factors in the initiation and development of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), a marker of activated suppressive Tregs, has a significant impact on the functions of Tregs in the TME. However, the regulatory mechanism of CCR8 in Tregs remains unclear.

Engineering of antimicrobial peptide fibrils with feedback degradation of bacterial-secreted enzymes.

Proteins and peptides can assemble into functional amyloid fibrils with distinct architectures. These amyloid fibrils can fulfil various biological functions in living organisms, and then be degraded. By incorporating an amyloidogenic segment and enzyme-cleavage segment together, we designed a peptide (enzyme-cleavage amyloid peptides (EAP))-based functional fibril which could be degraded specifically by gelatinase.

A focus on harnessing big data and artificial intelligence: revolutionizing drug discovery from traditional Chinese medicine sources.

The advent of big data-driven artificial intelligence (AI) modeling has profoundly impacted the realm of drug discovery. Chen (Q. Lv , , 2023, https://doi.

SIRT6 drives sensitivity to ferroptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer through NCOA4-dependent autophagy.

The sirtuin family has been reported to participate in the regulation of oxidative stress, cancer metabolism, aging, and so on. However, few studies have demonstrated its role in ferroptosis. Our previous studies confirmed that SIRT6 is upregulated in thyroid cancer and associated with cancer development by regulating glycolysis and autophagy.

[Practice and thinking of promoting ideological and political education in system integrated curriculum of stomatology].

System integrated curricula are based on organs and systems. They closely combine basic medicine theory with clinical practice, aiming to stimulate students' subjective initiative and improve their ability to analyze and solve problems. In order to implement moral education concept in the teaching process of professional courses for dental students, dental teaching teams of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine has carried out teaching reforms including constructing a stronger team of teachers, making ideological and political achievement goals of curriculum, finding out and writing ideological and political materials.

Boosting the photocatalytic performance of CuO for hydrogen generation by Au nanostructures and rGO nanosheets.

As a narrow band-gap semiconductor, cuprous oxide (CuO) has a relatively high conduction band that can exhibit high driving force for the photocatalytic generation of hydrogen under visible light. Besides, its adjustable morphologies and abundant source also make it possible to be employed as a theoretically optimal photocatalyst. However, the low charge migration and poor stability commonly limit its practical application, and various strategies have been explored in previous studies.

Enhancing cell membrane phase separation for inhibiting cancer metastasis with a stimuli-responsive DNA nanodevice.

Phase separation in cell membranes promotes the assembly of transmembrane receptors to initiate signal transduction in response to environmental cues. Many cellular behaviors are manipulated by promoting membrane phase separation through binding to multivalent extracellular ligands. However, available extracellular molecule tools that enable manipulating the clustering of transmembrane receptors in a controllable manner are rare.

Stimulus-responsive self-assembled prodrugs in cancer therapy.

Small-molecule prodrugs have become the main toolbox to improve the unfavorable physicochemical properties of potential therapeutic compounds in contemporary anti-cancer drug development. Many approved small-molecule prodrugs, however, still face key challenges in their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties, thus severely restricting their further clinical applications. Self-assembled prodrugs thus emerged as they could take advantage of key benefits in both prodrug design and nanomedicine, so as to maximize drug loading, reduce premature leakage, and improve PK/PD parameters and targeting ability.

Association of machine learning ultrasound radiomics and disease outcome in triple negative breast cancer.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype with unfavorable prognosis. We aimed to establish a machine learning-based ultrasound radiomics model to predict disease-free survival (DFS) in TNBC. Invasive TNBC>T1b between January 2009 and June 2018 with preoperative ultrasound were enrolled and assigned to training and independent test cohort.

Distribution and influence of the 21-gene recurrence score on chemotherapy decision-making in special type of breast cancer.

The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) testing could guide treatment for luminal breast cancer with the histological non-special type (NST). However, there is limited data on its role in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) or other special types (ST). In the current study, we retrospectively included patients with the 21-gene RS testing between Jan.

The effects of early restrictive fluid resuscitation on the clinical outcomes in sepsis patients.

Objective: To investigate the effects of early restrictive fluid resuscitation (RFR) on the clinical outcomes in sepsis patients.

Methods: A total of 122 sepsis patients admitted to our hospital were recruited for this study and divided into a study group (the SG, n=56) and a control group (the CG, n=66) according to the treatment method each patient was administered. The SG was administered early RFR, and the CG was administered adequate fluid resuscitation.

Oncostatin M promotes infarct repair and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The immune response plays a central role in post-MI cardiac repair. A growing body of evidence suggests that oncostatin M (OSM), a pleiomorphic cytokine of the interleukin (IL)-6 family, participates in the cardiac healing and remodeling process.

ZLN005 protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury by mitigating oxidative stress through the restoration of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.

To date, the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a difficult problem for clinicians. In the present study, we assessed whether ZLN005, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) agonist, can protect against ischemic AKI in vivo and in vitro. Notably, ZLN005 treatment significantly alleviated Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced tubular injury and reversed the decrease in hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cell viability by restoring PGC-1α expression in a dose-dependent manner.

Genetic variants of , and in the natural killer cell-related pathway are associated with non-small cell lung cancer survival.

Although natural killer (NK) cells are a known major player in anti-tumor immunity, the effect of genetic variation in NK-associated genes on survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. Here, in 1,185 with NSCLC cases of a discovery dataset, we evaluated associations of 28,219 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 276 NK-associated genes with their survival. These patients were from the reported genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.

BRCA1-associated protein 1 serves as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma by deubiquitinating and stabilizing PTEN.

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) or its mutants have been known to play critical regulatory roles in tumor biology, yet their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unclear. In this study, we detected the mutations of all the exons of BAP1 in 105 HCC patients using Sanger sequencing, and found eight somatic mutations in 6 (5.71%) patients.

Biomimetic Liposomal Nanoplatinum for Targeted Cancer Chemophototherapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer is limited by tumor hypoxia. Platinum nanoparticles (nano-Pt) as a catalase-like nanoenzyme can enhance PDT through catalytic oxygen supply. However, the cytotoxic activity of nano-Pt is not comprehensively considered in the existing methods to exert their multifunctional antitumor effects.

Prediction model of objective response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plays an important role in the therapeutic strategy of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). However, the response of LAGC after NAC varies among different patients. The objective response after NAC has proven to be an excellent indicator for benefiting from NAC, yet effective predictors of objective response are still lacking.

The Beneficial Role of Sunitinib in Tumor Immune Surveillance by Regulating Tumor PD-L1.

Immune checkpoints blockades have shown promising clinical effects in various malignancies, but the overall response rate is low. Here, the immune features are comprehensively characterized in >10 000 cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas and significantly positive correlations are observed between targets of Sunitinib and inhibitory immune checkpoints and suppressive immune cells. It is further confirmed that Sunitinib treatment increases the antitumor immunity in a phase III trial.

The Nuclear Orphan Receptor NR2F6 Promotes Hepatic Steatosis through Upregulation of Fatty Acid Transporter CD36.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors which sense hormonal signals or nutrients to regulate various biological events, including development, reproduction, and metabolism. Here, this study identifies nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 6 (NR2F6), as an important regulator of hepatic triglyceride (TG) homeostasis and causal factor in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of NR2F6 in the liver promotes TG accumulation in lean mice, while hepatic-specific suppression of NR2F6 improves obesity-associated hepatosteatosis, insulin resistance, and methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).