Endogenous peptide CBDP1 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting USP5/YTHDF2/TRPM5 axis.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a high incidence rate and poor prognosis, and currently lacks effective therapies. Recently, peptide-based drugs have shown promise in cancer treatment. In this research, a new endogenous peptide called CBDP1 was discovered in ccRCC and its potential anti-cancer properties were examined.

A multicenter study of neurofibromatosis type 1 utilizing deep learning for whole body tumor identification.

Deep-learning models have shown promise in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. Previous studies have primarily focused on specific anatomical regions, overlooking tumors occurring throughout the body with highly heterogeneous whole-body backgrounds. Using neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) as an example, this study developed highly accurate MRI-based deep-learning models for the early automated screening of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) against complex whole-body background.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HFpEF: Potential Interventions Through Exercise.

HFpEF is a prevalent and complex type of heart failure. The concurrent presence of conditions such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia significantly increase the risk of developing HFpEF. Mitochondria, often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell, are crucial in maintaining cellular functions, including ATP production, intracellular Ca regulation, reactive oxygen species generation and clearance, and the regulation of apoptosis.

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A1 increases ferroptosis vulnerability in squamous cancer.

Ferroptosis is a unique modality of regulated cell death induced by excessive lipid peroxidation, playing a crucial role in tumor suppression and providing potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we find that aldehyde dehydrogenase-ALDH3A1 tightly links to ferroptosis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Functional assays demonstrate the enzymatic activity-dependent regulation of ALDH3A1 in protecting SCC cells against ferroptosis through catalyzing aldehydes and mitigating lipid peroxidation.

[Expert consensus on visualized tele-round and quality control management based on the improvement of clinical practice ability].

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor's professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China.

Distinct CSF α-synuclein aggregation profiles associated with Alzheimer's disease phenotypes and MCI-to-AD conversion.

Background: α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology is present in 30-50 % of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and its interactions with tau proteins may further exacerbate pathological changes in AD. However, the specific role of different aggregation forms of α-Syn in the progression of AD remains unclear.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between various aggregation types of CSF α-Syn and Alzheimer's disease progression.

Prognostic performance of the two-step clinical care pathway in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background & Aims: Current guidelines recommend a 2-step approach for risk stratification in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) followed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or similar second-line tests. This study aimed to examine to prognostic performance of this approach.

Methods: The VCTE-Prognosis Study was a longitudinal study of patients with MASLD who had undergone VCTE examinations at 16 centres from the US, Europe and Asia with subsequent follow-up for clinical events.

CircKIAA0182 Enhances Lung Cancer Progression and Chemoresistance through Interaction with YBX1.

Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, such as cisplatin, significantly limits treatment efficacy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance due to their stable structure, which protects them from degradation.

Metabolic Reprogramming of Neutrophils in the Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging Therapeutic Targets.

Neutrophils are pivotal in the immune system and have been recognized as significant contributors to cancer development and progression. These cells undergo metabolic reprogramming in response to various stimulus, including infections, diseases, and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Under normal conditions, neutrophils primarily rely on aerobic glucose metabolism for energy production.

Spatially restricted and ontogenically distinct hepatic macrophages are required for tissue repair.

Our understanding of the functional heterogeneity of resident versus recruited macrophages in the diseased liver is limited. A population of recruited lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) has been reported to populate the diseased liver alongside resident Kupffer cells (KCs). However, the precise roles of these distinct macrophage subsets remain elusive.

A forward genetic screen identifies potassium channel essentiality in SHH medulloblastoma maintenance.

Distinguishing tumor maintenance genes from initiation, progression, and passenger genes is critical for developing effective therapies. We employed a functional genomic approach using the Lazy Piggy transposon to identify tumor maintenance genes in vivo and applied this to sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma (MB). Combining Lazy Piggy screening in mice and transcriptomic profiling of human MB, we identified the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB2 as a candidate maintenance driver.

Targeting the NF-κB p65-MMP28 axis: Wogonoside as a novel therapeutic agent for attenuating podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Although recent progress provides mechanistic insights into diabetic nephropathy (DN), effective treatments remain scarce. DN, characterized by proteinuria and a progressive decline in renal function, primarily arises from podocyte injury, which impairs the glomerular filtration barrier. Wogonoside, a bioactive compound from the traditional Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has not been explored for its role in DN.

A novel genetically encoded indicator for deciphering cytosolic and mitochondrial nitric oxide in live cells.

Nitric oxide (NO) has been highlighted as a key gaseous signaling molecule in the body, playing a central role in various physiological and pathological processes. However, a comprehensive analysis of NO metabolism dynamics in living cells remains a significant challenge. To address this, we have developed and characterized a novel genetically encoded NO fluorescence sensor, GefiNO, to investigate NO metabolism dynamics in living cells and subcellular organelles.

Size-specific mediation of the physiological responses and degradation ability of microalgae to sulfamerazine by microplastics.

Antibiotics and microplastics (MPs) are two classes of emerging contaminants that are commonly found in various water environments. However, how different sized MPs affect the toxicity and biodegradation of antibiotics remains poorly understood. We investigated the effects of polystyrene (PS) MPs with different particle sizes (100 nm and 30 μm) on the physiological responses and degradation behavior of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to sulfamerazine (SMR).

HemaScope: A Tool for Analyzing Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Data of Hematopoietic Cells.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) techniques hold great value in evaluating the heterogeneity and spatial characteristics of hematopoietic cells within tissues. These two techniques are highly complementary, with scRNA-seq offering single-cell resolution and ST retaining spatial information. However, there is an urgent demand for well-organized and user-friendly toolkits capable of handling single-cell and spatial information.

Adjuvant radiation therapy improves outcome of patients with surgical resected adrenocortical carcinoma.

Purpose: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy known for high rates of recurrence and poor prognosis. Previous studies revealed controversial roles of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patient management. This study aimed to investigate the role of adjuvant RT in postoperative ACC patients.

Risk of clinically significant prostate cancer undercategorized by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: To investigative potential clinicopathological characteristics and imaging-related risk factors of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) undercategorized in patients with negative or equivocal MRI.

Methods: This retrospective study included 581 patients with pathologically confirmed csPCa (Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4), including 108 undercategorized csPCa and 473 detected csPCa. All patients underwent multiparametric MRI (mpMRI).

SUMO-Specific Peptidase 5 Promotes Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth through the NF-κB- Axis.

Background: This study investigates the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific peptidase 5 (SENP5), a key regulator of SUMOylation, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a lethal disease, and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes between ESCC mouse oesophageal cancer tissues and normal tissues were analysed via RNA-seq; among them, SENP5 expression was upregulated, and this gene was selected for further analysis. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were then used to validate the increased protein level of SENP5 in both mouse and human ESCC samples.

Ethnic Differences in Facilitators and Barriers to Lifestyle Management After Childbirth: A Multi-Methods Study Using the TDF and COM-B Model.

: Understanding ethnic differences in factors influencing healthy lifestyles postpartum is vital for informing effective lifestyle engagement strategies for women from specific ethnic groups. We aimed to explore ethnic differences in facilitators and barriers to lifestyle management among women after childbirth. : In this multi-methods study, women within 5 years of childbirth in Australia were recruited in a cross-sectional survey (n = 478) and semi-structured interviews (n = 17).

Exploring the optimal reconstruction strategy for Enneking III defects in pelvis bone tumors: a finite element analysis.

Background: Controversy exists regarding the reconstruction of bone defects in Enneking III. This study aimed to use the finite element analysis (FEA) method to clarify (1) the utility of reconstructing the pelvis Enneking III region and (2) the optimal approach for this reconstruction.

Methods: FEA models were generated for three types of Enneking III defects in the pelvis, replacing all the defect areas in region III with a sizable solid box for topology optimization (TO).

GPR137-RAB8A activation promotes ovarian cancer development via the Hedgehog pathway.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) progression is one of the commonest cause of female cancer death. While treatments in clinic includes primary surgery and targeted chemotherapy, curative and survival trends in OC have not significantly improved. Thus, further investigation of the mechanisms regarding OC carcinogenesis and discovery of novel targets is of great importance.

Cross-cultural insights into internet addiction and mental health: a network analysis from China and Malawi.

Background: Internet addiction has emerged as a significant mental health issue among university students. The study aimed to compare the network structures of Internet addiction and mental health symptoms among university students in China and Malawi, which provide insights into culturally sensitive prevention and intervention strategies.

Methods: Network analysis was used on two datasets: Malawi (n = 688) and China (n = 975) using the Internet Addiction Test and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire.

Guillain-Barré syndrome in patients with multiple myeloma: three cases report and literature review.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is relatively rare, and the specific mechanism is still unclear. The previous infection, surgery, and medication use may have contributed to the occurrence of GBS. The use of bortezomib in patients with MM can easily lead to peripheral neuropathy, which is similar to the symptoms of GBS, making it challenging to diagnose GBS.