HIF-1-Mediated miR-623 Regulates Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses of Nucleus Pulposus Induced by Oxidative Stress via Targeting TXNIP.

Excessive apoptosis and inflammatory responses of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells induced by oxidative stress contribute to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Though some microRNAs are associated with IVDD, the specific microRNA that can mediate apoptotic and inflammatory responses of NP cells induced by oxidative stress synchronously still needs further identification. Here, we find that microRNA-623 (miR-623) is downregulated in IVDD and its expression is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) under oxidative stress conditions.

NIR-II Responsive Hollow Magnetite Nanoclusters for Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Photothermal/Chemo-Therapy and Chemodynamic Therapy.

Phototherapy in the second near-IR (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II) window has achieved much progress because of its high efficiency and relatively minor side effects. In this paper, a new NIR-II responsive hollow magnetite nanocluster (HMNC) for targeted and imaging-guided cancer therapy is reported. The HMNC not only provides a hollow cavity for drug loading but also serves as a contrast agent for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging.

Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Low Back Pain by Upregulating Substance P in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to have a strong correlation with a number of intervertebral disc (IVD) diseases. Here, we aimed to determine whether ROS represent an etiology of low back pain (LBP) during IVD degeneration. Thirty degenerated intervertebral disc samples were obtained from patients, and ROS levels were quantified using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining.

Bone Sclerostin and Dickkopf-related protein-1 are positively correlated with bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, and bone strength in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Background: Wnt-catenin signaling antagonists sclerostin and dickkopf-related protein-1 (Dkk-1) inhibit bone formation and are involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO). However, the association between sclerostin and Dkk-1 and bone mineral density (BMD) in women with PO remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between sclerostin and Dkk-1 and BMD, bone microarchitecture, and bone strength in PO.

Corrigendum: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Chronic Ocular Hypertension Mouse Model Induced by Intracameral Injection of Cross-Linking Hydrogel.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Chronic Ocular Hypertension Mouse Model Induced by Intracameral Injection of Cross-Linking Hydrogel.

Glaucoma is an irreversible and blinding neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells. The current animal models of glaucoma fail to provide a chronic elevated intraocular pressure and cannot maintain the optical media clarity for a long time, which brings some difficulties to the study of glaucoma. Here, we developed a new chronic ocular hypertension model of mice induced by cross-linking hydrogel intracameral injection.

TRIM21 drives intervertebral disc degeneration induced by oxidative stress via mediating HIF-1α degradation.

The onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is strictly associated with oxidative stress. TRIM21 (Tripartite motif-containing protein 21), a ubiquitin E3 ligase, has been shown to play an essential role in liver redox homeostasis; however, whether TRIM21 is involved in IVDD, especially in oxidative stress-induced IVDD, is unknown. Here, we reported that TRIM21 was upregulated in nucleus pulposus (NPs) with increasing severity of IVDD, and that oxidative stress was a stimulator of TRIM21 expression.

Targeting autophagy enhances atezolizumab-induced mitochondria-related apoptosis in osteosarcoma.

In this study, we identified the multifaceted effects of atezolizumab, a specific monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, in tumor suppression except for restoring antitumor immunity, and investigated the promising ways to improve its efficacy. Atezolizumab could inhibit the proliferation and induce immune-independent apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. With further exploration, we found that atezolizumab could impair mitochondria of osteosarcoma cells, resulting in increased release of reactive oxygen species and cytochrome-c, eventually leading to mitochondrial-related apoptosis via activating JNK pathway.

CircHmbox1 Targeting miRNA-1247-5p Is Involved in the Regulation of Bone Metabolism by TNF-α in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) promotes osteoclasts differentiation to enhance bone resorption and inhibits osteoblasts differentiation to impair bone formation, which plays a central role in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Recent studies implicated an important role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether circRNAs might be implicated in TNF-α-regulated osteoclasts differentiation and osteoblasts differentiation in PMOP.

Lotus seedpod-inspired internal vascularized 3D printed scaffold for bone tissue repair.

In the field of bone defect repair, 3D printed scaffolds have the characteristics of personalized customization and accurate internal structure. However, how to construct a well-structured vascular network quickly and effectively inside the scaffold is essential for bone repair after transplantation. Herein, inspired by the unique biological structure of "lotus seedpod", hydrogel microspheres encapsulating deferoxamine (DFO) liposomes were prepared through microfluidic technology as "lotus seeds", and skillfully combined with a three-dimensional (3D) printed bioceramic scaffold with biomimetic "lotus" biological structure which can internally grow blood vessels.

A novel in vivo mouse intervertebral disc degeneration model induced by compressive suture.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the root cause of many musculoskeletal disorders of the spine. However, the etiology of IDD is complex and still not well understood. Animal models of IDD would be useful in deciphering the underlying mechanisms.

Sorafenib for treating head and neck adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site: a case report.

The aim of the present study was to report a rare case of head and neck adenocarcinoma with an unknown primary site in a 59-year-old man. After disease progression followed by multiple cycles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, genetic screening using next-generation sequencing identified vascular endothelial growth factor A amplification and the TP53 R209Kfs mutation. Treatment with the multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor sorafenib controlled the patient's symptoms and improved his quality of life.

Histone demethylase LSD1 is critical for endochondral ossification during bone fracture healing.

Bone fracture is repaired predominantly through endochondral ossification. However, the regulation of endochondral ossification by key factors during fracture healing remains largely enigmatic. Here, we identify histone modification enzyme LSD1 as a critical factor regulating endochondral ossification during bone regeneration.

Plate Fixation versus Arthroscopic-Assisted Plate Fixation for Isolated Medium-Sized Fractures of the Greater Tuberosity: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: To compare the clinical outcomes of plate fixation and arthroscopic-assisted plate fixation in patients with displaced isolated medium-sized fractures of the greater tuberosity.

Methods: From July 2013 to October 2017, patients with displaced isolated medium-sized fractures of the greater tuberosity who underwent arthroscopic-assisted plate fixation (ASPF group) or open reduction and internal plate fixation (ORIF group) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. There were 19 patients in the ASPF group and 27 patients in the ORIF group, with comparable demographic characteristics.

Tet2 regulates Barx2 expression in undifferentiated and early differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells.

The methylcytosine oxidase TET proteins play important roles in DNA demethylation and development. In developing embryos, TET2 are upregulated during pre-implantation development, and significantly expressed in the trophectoderm and inner cell mass. In this study, we identified Barx2 as a new target of Tet2.

Minocycline ameliorates osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy (OVX) and iron accumulation via iron chelation, bone metabolism regulation and inhibition of oxidative stress.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of minocycline on iron accumulation-related postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: The present study established a rat model of ovariectomy (OVX), gave rats ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and treated them with minocycline, then examined the severity of osteoporosis and iron metabolism in rats. To further explore the mechanism, osteoblasts were treated with FAC and minocycline, then their effects on cell viability, apoptosis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone metabolism proteins, iron metabolism proteins, and oxidative stress in osteoblasts were measured.

Oriented inner fabrication of bi-layer biomimetic tendon sheath for anti-adhesion and tendon healing.

Introduction: Synthetic fibrous membranes unveil a promising field in anti-adhesion of tendons. Meanwhile, oriented nanofiber structures have been widely studied and used in the application of biomedical engineering, particularly in repairing and strengthening effects.

Methods: In this study, a bi-layer poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) electrospun membrane was fabricated, in which the inner oriented fibrous layer was designed to promote tendon healing while outer random aligned layer was designed to prevent peritendinous adhesion.

and Its Major Active Constituents for Inflammatory-Related Diseases: A Review of Traditional Use, Multiple Pathway Modulations, and Clinical Applications.

Radix, known as in Chinese, is commonly prescribed in Chinese Medicine (CM) for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory property of can be traced from its wind-damp removing, collaterals' obstruction relieving, and toxins counteracting effects as folk medicine in CM. This paper systematically reviewed the research advancement of the pharmacological effects of among a variety of human diseases, including diseases of the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, urogenital, hematopoietic, endocrine and metabolomic, neurological, skeletal, and rheumatological systems and malignant diseases.

The plate fixation strategy of complex proximal humeral fractures.

Purpose: For complex proximal humeral fractures, severe displacement and comminuted fragments lead to poor clinical outcomes. Despite considerable management, the locking plate fixation is still a preference and the proper selection of its strategy for each individual seems to be essential.

Method: The available classification system of the fracture, determination of surgical intervention, the common complications and related causes, and the latest critical surgical strategies with locking plate fixation were discussed in this review.

Thermo-Sensitive Dual-Functional Nanospheres with Enhanced Lubrication and Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is a typical degenerative joint disease related to a lubrication deficiency of articular cartilage, which is characterized by increased friction at the joint surface and severe inflammation of the joint capsule. Consequently, therapies combining lubrication restoration and drug intervention are regarded as a promising strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis. In the present study, thermo-sensitive dual-functional nanospheres, poly[N-isopropylacrylamide-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine] (PNIPAM-PMPC), are developed through emulsion polymerization.

Establishment of a dynamic osteosarcoma biobank: Ruijin experience.

Outcomes for patients with metastatic and recurrent osteosarcoma remain poor and a better understanding of the biology of this malignancy is critical to the development of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapies. The purpose of this study was to establish a biobank of osteosarcoma which has the potential of monitoring tumors dynamically with exosomes, to facilitate clinical and basic scientific research. The osteosarcoma biological specimen and clinical data of osteosarcoma were collected in Ruijin Hospital in two stages.

SENP3 Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis by De-conjugating SUMO2/3 from IRF8 in Bone Marrow-Derived Monocytes.

Bone metabolism depends on the balance between osteoclast-driven bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Diseases like osteoporosis are characterized by increased bone destruction due to partially enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Here, we report that the post-translational SUMO modification is critical for regulating osteoclastogenesis.

Programmed Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Inorganic Ion Composite Hydrogel as Artificial Periosteum.

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and bioceramic are the widely used bioactive factors in treatment of bone defects, but these easily cause side effects because of uncontrollable local concentration. In this study, rhBMP-2 was grafted on the surface of mesoporous bioglass nanoparticles (MBGNs) with an amide bond and then photo-cross-linked together with methacrylate gelatin (GelMA); in this way, a GelMA/MBGNs-rhBMP-2 hydrogel membrane was fabricated to release rhBMP-2 in a controllable program during the early bone regeneration period and then release calcium and silicon ions to keep promoting osteogenesis instead of rhBMP-2 in a long term. In this way, rhBMP-2 can keep releasing for 4 weeks and then the ions keep releasing after 4 weeks; this process is matched to early and late osteogenesis procedures.

Establishment and characterization of a novel human osteosarcoma cell line for spontaneous pulmonary metastasis research .

Background: A large number of osteosarcoma patients are dying of pulmonary metastasis in spite of the recent progress achieved in treatment research. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experiment, whose purpose is to investigate the growth and metastasis of human osteosarcoma tumor. In this study, a novel human osteosarcoma cell line was established and characterized for osteosarcoma metastatic research .