Mild TPO deficiency characterized by progressive goiter and normal serum TSH level.

Purpose: Mild thyroid peroxidase (TPO) deficiency is rare and can be extremely occult. This study aimed to replenish the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of mild TPO deficiency.

Methods: Four unrelated patients with progressive goiter were described in this study.

Adrenocortical carcinoma in patients with MEN1: a kindred report and review of the literature.

Objective Up to 40% of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients may have adrenal cortical tumors. However, adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is rare. The clinical manifestations, prevalence, inheritance and prognosis of ACC associated with MEN1 remain unclear.

Comprehensive assessment of T-cell repertoire following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of type 1 diabetes using high-throughput sequencing.

Objective: We aimed to investigate T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) treatment.

Methods: High-throughput deep TCR beta (TCRB) chain sequencing was performed to assess millions of individual TCRs in five T1D patients receiving AHSCT treatment and another five patients receiving insulin treatment during 12 months of follow-up.

Results: No significant changes in TCRB sequence reads, complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences, or the usage of TCRB VJ gene-segments were observed at 12 months after AHSCT.

Clinical benefits of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in type 1 diabetes patients.

Unlabelled: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by severe damage to pancreas islet function through immunological attack; therefore, it is also called 'insulin-dependent diabetes'. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in adolescent patients with newly diagnosed T1D. A phase-II prospective, parallel-assignment, non-randomized trial was conducted from March 2008 to December 2011 with 40 T1D patients, of whom 20 received AHSCT therapy and 20 were treated only with insulin injections.

Clinical features and prognosis of thymic neuroendocrine tumours associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: A single-centre study, systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Thymic neuroendocrine tumour (TH-NET) accounts for almost 20% of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)-associated mortality. Identifying risk factors for the development of these rare tumours and prognostic factors for clinical outcomes will be helpful in clinical practice.

Design And Patients: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients treated for TH-NET associated with MEN1 in a single institution and meta-analysis of literature reports.

The genetic landscape of benign thyroid nodules revealed by whole exome and transcriptome sequencing.

The genomic alterations for benign thyroid nodule, especially adenomatoid nodule, one of the most common types of hyperplasia lesion, are ill-studied. Here, we show whole-exome sequencing and/or transcriptome sequencing data on adenomatoid nodules with or without coincidental papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Somatic mutation of BRAF (22/32) is only detected in PTC, while mutations in SPOP (4/38), ZNF148 (6/38) and EZH1 (3/38) are found enriched in adenomatoid nodule.

HLA-A*33-DR3 and A*33-DR9 haplotypes enhance the risk of type 1 diabetes in Han Chinese.

Aims/introduction: To investigate the typing for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I in Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes as a complement screening for HLA class II.

Materials And Methods: A total of 212 type 1 diabetic patients and 200 healthy controls were enrolled. The genetic polymorphisms of HLA class I and II were examined with a high-resolution polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing method.

Bisphenol A Promotes Adiposity and Inflammation in a Nonmonotonic Dose-response Way in 5-week-old Male and Female C57BL/6J Mice Fed a Low-calorie Diet.

A growing body of epidemiological research show that Bisphenol A (BPA) is positively correlated with obesity and metabolic disorders. However, the mechanisms of BPA on adiposity remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that 5-week-old male and female C57BL/6J mice exposed to four dosages of BPA (5, 50, 500, and 5000 μg/kg/d) by oral intake for 30 days showed significantly increased body weight and fat mass in a nonmonotonic dose-dependent manner when fed a chow diet.

Follicular thyroid carcinoma but not adenoma recruits tumor-associated macrophages by releasing CCL15.

Background: The differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA) before surgery is a clinical challenge. Many efforts have been made but most focusing on tumor cells, while the roles of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) remained unclear in FTC. Here we analyzed the differences between TAMs in FTC and those in FA.

Smoking was associated with poor response to intravenous steroids therapy in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Background: Previous studies have shown that smoking is closely related to the occurrence, severity and response to orbital radiation in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The aim of this study was to investigate whether smoking impacts the response to intravenous 4.5 g methylprednisolone therapy in patients with active moderate-to-severe GO.

Diagnostic value of ACTH stimulation test in determining the subtypes of primary aldosteronism.

Background: Adrenal venous sampling is recommended as the golden standard for subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA). However, it is invasive and inconvenient, and seeking a better way to make differential diagnosis of PA is necessary.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of ACTH stimulation test under 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in determining the subtypes of PA.

Circulating microRNA predicts insensitivity to glucocorticoid therapy in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Glucocorticoid (GC) insensitivity occurs commonly in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), and GC therapy is associated with major adverse effects. A reliable and easily accessible biomarker is required to predict the outcome of GC therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of circulating microRNA (miRNA) to predict GC insensitivity in GO patients.

Tumor-associated macrophages promote the metastatic potential of thyroid papillary cancer by releasing CXCL8.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can promote cancer initiation and progression by releasing cytokines. Previously, we have found the density of TAMs correlated with lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the mechanisms of how TAMs promote PTC progression remain unclear.

A prospective, randomized trial of intravenous glucocorticoids therapy with different protocols for patients with graves' ophthalmopathy.

Background: For patients with active moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), a course of 4.5 g iv glucocorticoids (GCs) is the recommended therapy. The weekly protocol is preferred because of the potential safety concerns with the daily protocol.