Integration of clinical phenoms and metabolomics facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a common malignancy that is frequently associated with systemic metabolic disorders. Early detection is pivotal to survival improvement. Although blood biomarkers have been used in its early diagnosis, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis still exist due to the heterogeneity of lung cancer.

Deciphering the heterogeneity of neutrophil cells within circulation and the lung cancer microenvironment pre- and post-operation.

Neutrophils play a crucial role in the immune system within tumor microenvironment. At present, numerous studies have explored the changes of neutrophils' automatic killing effect and cellular communication with other immune cells under pathological conditions through single-cell sequencing. However, there remains a lack of definite conclusion about the identification criteria of neutrophil subgroups.

Spatial transcriptomics reveals heterogeneity of histological subtypes between lepidic and acinar lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Patients who possess various histological subtypes of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have considerably diverse prognoses. The simultaneous existence of several histological subtypes reduces the clinical accuracy of the diagnosis and prognosis of early-stage LUAD due to intratumour intricacy.

Methods: We included 11 postoperative LUAD patients pathologically confirmed to be stage IA.

SCAN: Spatiotemporal Cloud Atlas for Neural cells.

The nervous system is one of the most complicated and enigmatic systems within the animal kingdom. Recently, the emergence and development of spatial transcriptomics (ST) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have provided an unprecedented ability to systematically decipher the cellular heterogeneity and spatial locations of the nervous system from multiple unbiased aspects. However, efficiently integrating, presenting and analyzing massive multiomic data remains a huge challenge.

Integrin beta1 mediates the effect of telocytes on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and migration in the treatment of acute lung injury.

Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with telocytes (TCs) was found to have therapeutic effects, although the mechanism of intercellular communication is still unknown. Our current studies aim at exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of TCs interaction and communication with MSCs with a focus on integrin beta1 (ITGB1) in TCs. We found that the co-culture of MSCs with ITGB1-deleted TCs (TC ) changed the proliferation, differentiation and growth dynamics ability of MSC in responses to LPS or PI3K inhibitor.

SCAR: Single-cell and Spatially-resolved Cancer Resources.

Advances in sequencing and imaging technologies offer a unique opportunity to unravel cell heterogeneity and develop new immunotherapy strategies for cancer research. There is an urgent need for a resource that effectively integrates a vast amount of transcriptomic profiling data to comprehensively explore cancer tissue heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment. In this context, we developed the Single-cell and Spatially-resolved Cancer Resources (SCAR) database, a combined tumor spatial and single-cell transcriptomic platform, which is freely accessible at http://8.

Challenges of clinical translation from single-cell sequencing to measures in clinical biochemistry of haematology: Definition of immune cell identities.

Peripheral immune cells play important roles in the maintenance of systemic and microenvironmental hemostasis. Measurements of circulating blood cells by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were proposed as one of the routine measures in clinical biochemistry of hematology. Out of translational challenges, defining precise identities of cell subsets and states is more difficult, due to the complexity of immune cell development, location, regulation, function, and metabolism.

Regulatory roles of Osteopontin in lung epithelial inflammation and epithelial-telocyte interaction.

Background: Lung epithelial cells play important roles in lung inflammation and injury, although mechanisms remain unclear. Osteopontin (OPN) has essential roles in epithelial damage and repair and in lung cancer biological behaviours. Telocyte (TC) is a type of interstitial cell that interacts with epithelial cells to alleviate acute inflammation and lung injury.

Role of GSDM family members in airway epithelial cells of lung diseases: a systematic and comprehensive transcriptomic analysis.

Gasdermin (GSDM) family, the key executioners of pyroptosis, play crucial roles in anti-pathogen and anti-tumor immunities, although little is known about the expression of GSDM in lung diseases at single-cell resolution, especially in lung epithelial cells. We comprehensively investigated the transcriptomic profiles of GSDM members in various lung tissues from healthy subjects or patients with different lung diseases at single cell level, e.g.

Lysophosphatidylcholine inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation by regulating fatty acid metabolism enzyme long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthase 5.

Lung cancer is a widespread malignancy with a high death rate and disorder of lipid metabolism. Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) has anti-tumour effects, although the underlying mechanism is not entirely known. The purpose of this study aims at defining changes in lysoPC in lung cancer patients, the effects of lysoPC on lung cancer cells and molecular mechanisms.

Initiative of clinical single-cell biomedicine in clinical and translational medicine.

With rapid developments of single-cell sequencing and multi/trans-omics, clinical single-cell biomedicine is a new and emergent discipline to integrate single-cell molecular and clinical phenomes and uncover new disease-specific diagnoses and therapy. The journal of Clinical and Translational Medicine (CTM) launches the first CTM initiative of clinical single-cell biomedicine (cscBioMed) to promote the discovery and development of single-cell-based biology and medicine, speed the translation from single-cell biology into clinical application, and improve early diagnosis and therapy for human diseases. The cscBioMed initiative is speeding translational processes from circulating single-cell RNA sequencing into routine measures in clinical biochemistry of haematology, from spatial transcriptomics into single-cell pathology, and from single-cell-based biomarkers and targets into clinical diagnostics and target drugs.

SPEED: Single-cell Pan-species atlas in the light of Ecology and Evolution for Development and Diseases.

It is a challenge to efficiently integrate and present the tremendous amounts of single-cell data generated from multiple tissues of various species. Here, we create a new database named SPEED for single-cell pan-species atlas in the light of ecology and evolution for development and diseases (freely accessible at http://8.142.

Prognostic implication of lipidomics in patients with coronary total occlusion undergoing PCI.

Background: Predictors of prognosis in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have remained lacking. Lipidomic profiling enables researchers to associate lipid species with disease progression and may improve the prediction of cardiovascular events.

Methods: In the present study, 781 lipids were measured by targeted lipidomic profiling in 350 individuals (50 healthy controls, 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 250 patients with CTO).

Regulatory roles of external cholesterol in human airway epithelial mitochondrial function through STARD3 signalling.

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is found in patients with chronic lung inflammation, during which airway epithelial cells play important roles in maintenance of inflammatory responses to pathogens. The present study aims at molecular mechanisms by which cholesterol changes airway epithelial sensitivity in response to smoking.

Methods: Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEs) were stimulated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and mice were exposed to CS/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as models in vitro and in vivo.

Lipids and genes: Regulatory roles of lipids in RNA expression.

Nuclear lipid metabolism and metabolites play important roles in regulation of lipid-lipid, lipid-gene, lipid-chromatin, lipid-membrane and lipid-protein interactions to maintain the nuclear microenvironment, three-dimensional chromatin architecture, gene expression and transcription and biological function. This Editorial highlights the value of lipid-gene interaction in the identification and development of biomarkers and targets and emphasizes the significance of inter-regulation between lipids and genes in innovation and application of precise therapies for patients. Regulatory functions of nuclear lipid dynamics and biophysics modify transcriptomic expression, and modification (lipotranscriptome) can be a new approach for discovery and development of disease-specific diagnoses and therapies, although there are several challenges to be overcome.

Forward single-cell sequencing into clinical application: Understanding of cancer microenvironment at single-cell solution.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is considered an important approach to understand the molecular mechanisms of cancer microenvironmental functions and has the potential for clinical and translational discovery and development. The recent concerns on the impact of scRNA-seq for clinical practice are whether scRNA can be applied as a routine measurement of clinical biochemistry to assist in clinical decision-making for diagnosis and therapy. Pushing single-cell sequencing into clinical application is one of the important missions for clinical and translational medicine (CTM), although there still are a large number of challenges to be overcome.