Development and evaluation of cancer differentiation analysis technology: a novel biophysics-based cancer screening method.

Background: Routine health checkup is an essential strategy for monitoring population health and maintaining healthy workforces. However, there was a lack of cancer screening tests among routine health checkups due to high costs and unreliable methods.

Methods: We conducted a two-stage study to evaluate the value of a blood test, Cancer Differentiation Analysis (CDA), which is developed to differentiate the blood samples of healthy individuals from those of cancer patients through measuring and analyzing multiple biophysical properties.

COVID-19 as an opportunity to reveal the impact of large hospital expansion on the healthcare delivery system: evidence from Shanghai, China.

Background: The expansion of large hospitals on the medical service market's supply side has always been an intensely debated topic. In this study, we conducted statistical analysis on the natural shock of COVID-19 to investigate whether the large hospitals will draw health demand from the small hospitals when a supply capacity surplus is present, a phenomenon otherwise known as the "siphon effect".

Methods: We collected the monthly hospital income and service data, including outpatient income, inpatient income, number of visits, and discharges, from all public hospitals, from January 2018 to July 2020 in Shanghai.

Increasing Gap Between Thyroid Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Urban Shanghai, China: An Analysis Spanning 43 Years.

Objective: To examine the secular trends of thyroid cancer incidence and mortality and to estimate the proportion of thyroid cancer cases potentially attributable to overdiagnosis.

Methods: Data on thyroid cancer cases from 1973 to 2015 were obtained from the Shanghai Cancer Registry. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was evaluated using the joinpoint regression analysis.

Demographics, in-hospital analysis, and prevalence of 33 rare diseases with effective treatment in Shanghai.

Background: Rare diseases are ailments which impose a heavy burden on individual patients and global society as a whole. The rare disease management landscape is not a smooth one-a rare disease is quite often hard to diagnose, treat, and investigate. In China, the country's rapid economic rise and development has brought an increased focus on rare diseases.

Transcriptome Based Estrogen Related Genes Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is the tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality, and has become a global public health problem. The incidence of lung cancer in men has declined in some countries and regions, while the incidence of lung cancer in women has been slowly increasing. Therefore, the aim is to explore whether estrogen-related genes are associated with the incidence and prognosis of lung cancer.

Values of liquid biopsy in early detection of cancer: results from meta-analysis.

Background: There is tremendous interest in the development of liquid biopsy techniques, but the potential role of liquid biopsy for the early detection of cancer has not yet been elucidated. We aim to explore the performance of liquid biopsy in the early diagnosis of cancer.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted of liquid biopsy in cancer early detection.

Association between sex hormones regulation-related SNP rs12233719 and lung cancer risk among never-smoking Chinese women.

Background: The mechanism of rapidly increased non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) among never-smoking Chinese women has not been elucidated. Ovarian sex steroid hormones have been suggested to counteract lung cancer development, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is essential in sex hormones regulation. This study aims to exploring single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genomic regions associated with SHBG concentrations that contributed to never-smoking female NSCLC.

Lab indicators standardization method for the regional healthcare platform: a case study on heart failure.

Background: Laboratory indicator test results in electronic health records have been applied to many clinical big data analysis. However, it is quite common that the same laboratory examination item (i.e.

From electronic health records to terminology base: A novel knowledge base enrichment approach.

Enriching terminology base (TB) is an important and continuous process, since formal term can be renamed and new term alias emerges all the time. As a potential supplementary for TB enrichment, electronic health record (EHR) is a fundamental source for clinical research and practise. The task to align the set of external terms in EHRs to TB can be regarded as entity alignment without structure information.

Improving Stem Cell Clinical Trial Design and Conduct: Development of a Quality Assessment Tool for Stem Cell Clinical Trials.

Background: Clinical trials are at the cornerstone of evidence-based stem cell therapies, but the quality assessment for designing and conduct these sometimes-complex studies are scarce of evidence. This study is aimed at developing a handy quality assessment tool for stem cell clinical trials, enhancing capacity of the self-regulate overall quality, and participating protection.

Methods: The framework of quality assessment tool was based on the PQRS (progress-quality-regulation-scientific) quality assessment tool, and detailed quality indicators were developed by leader group discussion, expert consulting, and literature review.

Representation learning for clinical time series prediction tasks in electronic health records.

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) provide possibilities to improve patient care and facilitate clinical research. However, there are many challenges faced by the applications of EHRs, such as temporality, high dimensionality, sparseness, noise, random error and systematic bias. In particular, temporal information is difficult to effectively use by traditional machine learning methods while the sequential information of EHRs is very useful.

Constructing Large Scale Cohort for Clinical Study on Heart Failure with Electronic Health Record in Regional Healthcare Platform: Challenges and Strategies in Data Reuse.

Regional healthcare platforms collect clinical data from hospitals in specific areas for the purpose of healthcare management. It is a common requirement to reuse the data for clinical research. However, we have to face challenges like the inconsistence of terminology in electronic health records (EHR) and the complexities in data quality and data formats in regional healthcare platform.

Cancer risk among patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world study in Shanghai, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of 23 common types of cancer among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with the general Chinese population.

Methods: Based on the Shanghai Hospital Link database, 410 191 patients with T2D (age 20-99 years) were identified from July 2013 to December 2016, and were followed-up for cancer incidence until December 2017.

Results: In all, 8485 cases of newly diagnosed cancer were identified.

Incorporating dictionaries into deep neural networks for the Chinese clinical named entity recognition.

Clinical named entity recognition aims to identify and classify clinical terms such as diseases, symptoms, treatments, exams, and body parts in electronic health records, which is a fundamental and crucial task for clinical and translational research. In recent years, deep neural networks have achieved significant success in named entity recognition and many other natural language processing tasks. Most of these algorithms are trained end to end, and can automatically learn features from large scale labeled datasets.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of undercorrected refractive errors among people with diabetes in Shanghai.

Background: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of undercorrected refractive error (URE) among people with diabetes in the Baoshan District of Shanghai, where data for undercorrected refractive error are limited.

Methods: The study was a population-based survey of 649 persons (aged 60 years or older) with diabetes in Baoshan, Shanghai in 2009. One copy of the questionnaire was completed for each subject.