SUMO-Specific Peptidase 5 Promotes Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth through the NF-κB- Axis.

Background: This study investigates the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific peptidase 5 (SENP5), a key regulator of SUMOylation, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a lethal disease, and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes between ESCC mouse oesophageal cancer tissues and normal tissues were analysed via RNA-seq; among them, SENP5 expression was upregulated, and this gene was selected for further analysis. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were then used to validate the increased protein level of SENP5 in both mouse and human ESCC samples.

Surgery impairs glymphatic activity and cognitive function in aged mice.

Delirium is a common complication in elderly surgical patients and is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Although advanced age is a major risk factor, the mechanisms underlying postoperative delirium remain poorly understood. The glymphatic system, a brain-wide network of perivascular pathways, facilitates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and supports the clearance of metabolic waste.

Clinical and molecular characteristics and long-term outcomes of pediatric intracranial meningiomas: a comprehensive analysis from a single neurosurgical center.

Background: Meningioma represents the most common intracranial tumor in adults. However, it is rare in pediatric patients. We aimed to demonstrate the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcome of pediatric meningiomas (PMs).

Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study.

Background: Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, its risk of preterm birth is currently uncertain.

Therapeutic strategies: Bioactive hydrogels oxidized sodium alginate/strontium/betamethasone for preventing intrauterine adhesion.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is an endometrial damage repair disorder that leads to menstrual loss, amenorrhea, and infertility in women; therefore, addressing this dilemma is a critical challenge. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel, comprising oxidized sodium alginate (OSA), strontium carbonate (SrCO), and betamethasone 21-phosphate sodium (BSP), was formulated to facilitate angiogenesis, reduce fibrosis, and support tissue repair in the treatment of IUA. The composite hydrogels showed significant bioactivity on human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), promoting the injured HESCs repair, reversing the degree of fibrosis to a certain extent, and enhancing the proliferation and migration of HUVECs.

Fecal microbiota transplantation: transitioning from chaos and controversial realm to scientific precision era.

With the popularization of modern lifestyles, the spectrum of intestinal diseases has become increasingly diverse, presenting significant challenges in its management. Traditional pharmaceutical interventions have struggled to keep pace with these changes, leaving many patients refractory to conventional pharmaceutical treatments. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for enterogenic diseases.

NK cell exhaustion in Wilson's disease revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing predicts the prognosis of cholecystitis.

Metabolic abnormalities associated with liver disease have a significant impact on the risk and prognosis of cholecystitis. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated this issue using Wilson's disease (WD) as a model, which is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired mitochondrial function and copper metabolism.

Probiotics interventions modulating gut microbiota composition in individuals with intestinal constipation: Protocol of a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Intestinal constipation is a substantive global health concern, significantly impairing patient quality of life. An emerging view is that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in intestinal function, and probiotics could offer therapeutic benefits. This study aims to consolidate evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assess the effectiveness of probiotics in modulating microbiota and ameliorating symptoms of constipation.

Targeting p21-Positive Senescent Chondrocytes via IL-6R/JAK2 Inhibition to Alleviate Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative joint disease, prominently influenced by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). Although elevated IL-6 levels in joint fluid are well-documented, the uneven cartilage degeneration observed in knee OA patients suggests additional underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the role of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) in mediating IL-6 signaling and its contribution to OA progression.

Neoplasms in the Nasal Cavity Identified and Tracked with an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Nasal Endoscopic Diagnostic System.

Objective: We aim to construct an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted nasal endoscopy diagnostic system capable of preliminary differentiation and identification of nasal neoplasia properties, as well as intraoperative tracking, providing an important basis for nasal endoscopic surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1050 video data of nasal endoscopic surgeries involving four types of nasal neoplasms. Using Deep Snake, U-Net, and Att-Res2-UNet, we developed a nasal neoplastic detection network based on endoscopic images.

Development and Validation of a Predictive Model Based on Serum Silent Information Regulator 6 Levels in Chinese Older Adult Patients: Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study.

Background: Serum levels of silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6), a key biomarker of aging, were identified as a predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD), but whether SIRT6 can distinguish severity of coronary artery lesions in older adult patients is unknown.

Objectives: This study developed a nomogram to demonstrate the functionality of SIRT6 in assessing severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis.

Methods: Patients aged 60 years and older with angina pectoris were screened for this single-center clinical study between October 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023.

Integrating traditional machine learning with qPCR validation to identify solid drug targets in pancreatic cancer: a 5-gene signature study.

Background: Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies, largely due to its late diagnosis and lack of effective therapeutic targets.

Materials And Methods: Using traditional machine learning methods, including random-effects meta-analysis and forward-search optimization, we developed a robust signature validated across 14 publicly available datasets, achieving a summary AUC of 0.99 in training datasets and 0.

3D modeling to predict vascular involvement in resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Current management of patients with borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BR-PDAC) depends on the degree of involvement of the major arterial and venous structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3D segmentation and printing to predict tumor size and vascular involvement of BR-PDAC to improve pre-operative planning of vascular resection and better select patients for neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 16 patients with BR-PDAC near vascular structures who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with or without vascular resection between 2015 and 2021.

Targeting GSDMD JX06 inhibits PANoptosis and multiple organ injury.

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the major cause of mortality of patients in intensive care units. The elusive mechanisms of tissue damage in MODS and limited therapeutic options encourage us to seek effective therapies to MODS. PANoptosis has recently been proven to be the key player in both heat stress and sepsis-mediated MODS.

Vagotomy suppresses food intake by increasing GLP-1 secretion via the M3 AChR-AMPKα pathway in mice.

Objective: The gut-brain axis (GBA) is involved in the modulation of multiple physiological activities, and the vagus nerve plays an important role in this process. However, the association between vagus nerve function and nutritional regulation remains unclear. Here, we explored changes in the nutritional status of mice after vagotomy and investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for these changes.

SS-31@Fer-1 Alleviates ferroptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes via mitochondrial targeting.

Purpose: Targeting mitochondrial ferroptosis presents a promising strategy for mitigating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the mitochondrial-targeted ferroptosis inhibitor SS-31@Fer-1 (elamipretide@ferrostatin1) in reducing myocardial I/R injury.

Methods: SS-31@Fer-1 was synthesized and applied to H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to assess its protective effects.

N-acetyl-tryptophan in Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury is a common serious complication after cardiac surgery. Currently, there are no specific pharmacological therapies. Our understanding of its pathophysiology remains preliminary.

Transanal vs Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision and 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer: The TaLaR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of short-term histopathological outcomes and complications associated with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with laparoscopic TME. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of transanal TME remain ambiguous. This study aims to compare 3-year disease-free survival of transanal TME with laparoscopic TME.

Valence State Hydrogen Channel Enhances Sustained and Controllable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Diabetic Skin Wound Healing.

Diabetes significantly increases the risk of serious health issues, including prolonged skin inflammation and delayed wound healing, owing to inferior glucose control and suppression of the immune system. Although traditional hydrogen (H2) therapy is slightly effective, its ability to tailor the release of H2 on the skin is limited. Accordingly, this study proposed a novel strategy for electrocatalytic H2 release under neutral conditions to promote wound healing in diabetic mice and rabbit.

Construction and Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program for the Surgical Management of Patients With Spinal Metastasis: A Modified Delphi Study.

Objective: As an effective treatment for spinal metastasis (SM), ERAS protocol can significantly reduce the length of hospital stay and complications in patients. Establishing an ERAS program for perioperative care after SM surgery is a clinical problem that needs to be addressed urgently. We aimed to develop an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program and Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) that conferred clinical benefit to patients with SM and made it relatively easy to manage the condition.