Long noncoding RNA ERLR mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells and promotes experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease that causes severe blindness and is characterized by the formation of contractile fibrotic subretinal or epiretinal membranes. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a hallmark of PVR. This work aims to examine the role of a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) named EMT-related lncRNA in RPE (ERLR, LINC01705-201 (ENST00000438158.

Alternative Flicker Glass: A New Anti-Suppression Approach to the Treatment of Anisometropic Amblyopia.

Introduction: Amblyopia always presents with monocular and binocular dysfunction. In this study, we aim to investigate the efficacy of alternative occlusion using liquid crystal glasses versus continuous occlusion therapy using traditional patches for treating amblyopia.

Methods: Eligible subjects with anisometropic amblyopia were randomized into 2 groups: alternative flicker glass (AFG) or patching group.

Prevalence of fundus tessellation and its associated factors in Chinese children and adolescents with high myopia.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of fundus tessellation in highly myopic children and adolescents.

Methods: A total of 513 high myopes (spherical equivalent [SE] ≤ -5.0 D, 4-19 years of age) without any advanced pathological myopic lesions were enrolled.

Development of the retina and its relation with myopic shift varies from childhood to adolescence.

Aims: To elucidate the influence of age and myopic shift on retinal development.

Methods: This 1-year longitudinal study included 769 participants aged 6-17 years. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length and swept-source optical coherence tomography were examined at baseline and follow-up.

Recent Epidemiology Study Data of Myopia.

Myopia, a pandemic refractive error, is affecting more and more people. The progression of myopia could cause numerously serious complications, even leading to blindness. This review summarizes the epidemiological studies on myopia after 2018 and analyzes the risk factors associated with myopia.

A Novel Small Peptide H-KI20 Inhibits Retinal Neovascularization Through the JNK/ATF2 Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: Abundant evidence has shown benefits of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies in neovascular eye diseases. However, the high cost, side effects, and inconvenience of frequent injections demand alternative novel drug candidates. This study aimed to analyze antiangiogenic effects of peptide H-KI20 and illustrated signaling mechanisms.

Morphologic Features of Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization in Pathologic Myopia on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

To investigate the morphologic features and identify the risk factors of myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Eighty-eight eyes of 69 consecutive patients with myopic CNV were included in this study. About 109 eyes of 78 pathologic myopia patients without myopic CNV were randomly selected as the control group.

Design and Pilot data of the high myopia registration study: Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study (SCALE-HM).

Purpose: To describe the methodology and pilot data of the Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study (SCALE-HM).

Methods: This is a population-based, prospective, examiner-masked study with annual follow-up. Patients are 4- to 18-year-olds with high myopia.

Quantitative Proteomics and Weighted Correlation Network Analysis of Tear Samples in Adults and Children With Diabetes and Dry Eye.

Purpose: Diabetics are more prone to suffer from dry eye (DE). The ages of diabetes are decreasing, so ocular surface status in younger generations is worthy of attention. We used tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled proteomics and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify differentially expressed proteins in the tear proteome of adults and children with diabetic DE.

Effects of Atropine Treatment on Choroidal Thickness in Myopic Children.

Purpose: To examine the changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) after 6 months of 1% or 0.01% atropine treatment and the independent factors associated with eye elongation.

Methods: A total of 207 myopic children aged 6 to 12 years were recruited and randomly assigned to groups A and B in a ratio of 1:1.

The associations of lens power with age, axial length and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults aged 50 and above.

Background: To investigate the associations of lens power with age, axial length (AL), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Chinese adults aged 50 and above.

Methods: Random clustering sampling was used to identify adults aged 50 years and above in urban regions of Shanghai. The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including subjective refraction, autorefraction, and IOL-Master.

Morphological differences between two types of Bruch's membrane defects in pathologic myopia.

Purpose: To investigate morphological differences between two types of Bruch's membrane (BM) defects-patchy atrophy (PA) and CNV-related macular atrophy (CNV-MA) METHODS: Eyes presenting with PA or CNV-MA were included. Scleral thickness (ST), choroidal thickness (CT), and scleral morphological characteristics were obtained by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Fundus photographs were performed to measure the size of PA and CNV-MA lesions.

Sleeping late is a risk factor for myopia development amongst school-aged children in China.

Myopia, a leading cause of distance vision impairment, is projected to affect half of the world's population in 30 years. We analysed the relationship between certain demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors and myopia from a 2-year school-based, prospective trial conducted in Shanghai, China. This trial enrolled 6295 school-aged children at baseline and followed them up for 24 months.

Impact of spectacles wear on uncorrected visual acuity among urban migrant primary school children in China: a cluster-randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To estimate the effect of providing free spectacles on uncorrected visual acuity (VA) among urban migrant Chinese school children.

Design: Exploratory analysis from a parallel cluster-randomised clinical trial.

Methods: After baseline survey and VA screening, eligible children were randomised by school to receive one of the two interventions: free glasses and a teacher incentive (tablet computer if ≥80% of children given glasses were wearing them on un-announced examination) (treatment group) or glasses prescription and letter to parents (control group).

Crystalline Lens Power and Associated Factors in Highly Myopic Children and Adolescents Aged 4 to 19 Years.

Purpose: To investigate the distribution characteristics of lens power in highly myopic Chinese children and adolescents and its association with age, axial length (AL), and spherical equivalent (SE).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 459 highly myopic (SE ≤-5 diopter [D]) children and adolescents aged 4-19 years were included in the study.

Changes in Intraocular Pressure and Angle Structure after Dilation in Primary Angle-Closure Suspects with Visually Significant Cataract.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety of pupillary dilation in primary angle-closure suspects (PACS) with concurrent visually significant cataract (VSC), to identify risk factors associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and to describe changes in anterior segment anatomy after pupillary dilation.

Design: Prospective study.

Participants: Patients with PACS and VSC and no prior laser or intraocular surgery were recruited.

A HGF‑derived peptide suppresses EMT in human lens epithelial cells via the TGF‑β/Smad and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) as a result of proliferation and fibrogenesis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the most frequent long‑term complication of modern cataract surgery. LECs may undergo epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) that resembles the morphological and molecular characteristics of PCO. A pre‑identified novel, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)‑derived peptide H‑RN, was reported to exhibit anti‑angiogenic activity and anti‑inflammatory effects in ocular cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Puberty could regulate the effects of outdoor time on refractive development in Chinese children and adolescents.

Aim: To explore the impact of puberty on refractive development and its interaction with outdoor time in children and adolescents.

Methods: In this 2-year observational study, students aged 7-13 years were selected with cluster sampling. All participants underwent cycloplegic refraction and axial length measurements once every year.

Patients' perspectives on the barriers to referral after telescreening for diabetic retinopathy in communities.

Objective: To understand the referral completion and explore the associated barriers to the referral after telescreening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) among people with vision-threatening DR (VTDR).

Research Design And Methods: All participants with VTDR after DR telescreening in the communities completed the self-reported questionnaires to assess referral completion and their perspectives on referral barriers. Sociodemographic characteristics and perceived barriers related to incomplete referrals were identified by conducting univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression model.

A Brief Metric Framework for Patient Adherence to Doctor's Advice Based on Behavioral Economics.

Purpose: This study tried to establish a metric framework of patient adherence to doctor's advice based on the expected utility and prospect theories, and it explained why the key to patient adherence to doctor's advice is patients' perceptions.

Methods: Our framework is primarily based on two mature theories: expected utility theory and prospect theory. We started with a basic assumption: the doctor is rational and cares for patient's health utility.

Quantitative assessment of the retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris in myopic patients using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: To study the retinal capillary microvasculature and the choriocapillaris (CC) in myopic eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods: Patients with high myopia (≥ - 6D; axial length ≥ 26.5 mm), moderate myopia (≥ - 3D, < - 6D), and age-matched healthy subjects presenting to the Shanghai General Hospital and Doheny-UCLA Eye Centers were enrolled in this prospective, multicenter study.

Analysis of association between common variants of uncoupling proteins genes and diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese population.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the variants of uncoupling proteins (UCPs) genes in a Chinese population of type 2 diabetes, in total and in patients of different glycemic status separately.

Methods: This case-control study included a total of 3107 participants from two datasets, among which 662 were DR patients (21.31%).

Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms with myopia in Chinese children.

Purpose: To investigate the association between insulin-like growth factor 1 () single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and myopia in a young Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 654 Chinese children aged 6-13 years from one primary school participated in our study and underwent a series of comprehensive ocular examinations, including cycloplegic refraction and measurements of axial length. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalence (SE) ≤ -0.

Thinner Average Choroidal Thickness Is a Risk Factor for the Onset of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To analyze the relationships between choroidal thickness (CT) and diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and DR severity in community residents diagnosed with type 2 DM, and to explore whether CT can improve the discriminatory ability of other risk factors to predict the incidence of DR.

Methods: A total of 1,250 type 2 DM residents and 1,027 healthy controls in Xinjing community of Shanghai participated a cross-sectional survey of eye diseases in 2016. CT was measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography.