Randomized, sham-controlled trial of acupuncture for post-cataract surgery dry eye disease.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of acupuncture in patients with post-cataract surgery dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: Ninety participants with post-cataract surgery DED were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive true acupuncture (n = 44) or non-penetrating sham acupuncture (n = 46) twice weekly for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to week 8 in the noninvasive tear film break-up time (TFBUT).

[Two cases of Wolfram syndrome].

Two adolescents with T1DM participated in the Shanghai Children and Adolescent DM Eye study (SCADE) 2017-2018. The previous T1DM history of the 2 children were 12 years and 4 years respectively. The history of optic atrophy were 8 years and 4 years respectively.

[Challenges of artificial intelligence used for eye disease screening in recent China communities].

Due to factors such as medical resources, public awareness, funding for general screening, or optimized screening models, community-based screening is far from meeting the demand. Artificial intelligence (AI) can replace some of the medical work and combine it with the "Internet+" model to transfer medical resources to improve accessibility and availability. However, the application of AI technology to community-based screening still faces many challenges, such as most AI products cannot be directly applied to community-based screening, the inability to integrate multimodal information such as medical history, symptoms, and images, and the lack of relevant regulations and health policies for productization and implementation.

Efficacy and Safety of Consecutive Use of 1% and 0.01% Atropine for Myopia Control in Chinese Children: The Atropine for Children and Adolescent Myopia Progression Study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of consecutive use of 1% and 0.01% atropine compared with 0.01% atropine alone over 1 year.

Identification of uveitis-associated functions based on the feature selection analysis of gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment scores.

Uveitis is a typical type of eye inflammation affecting the middle layer of eye (i.e., uvea layer) and can lead to blindness in middle-aged and young people.

Medical Staff and Resident Preferences for Using Deep Learning in Eye Disease Screening: Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background: Deep learning-assisted eye disease diagnosis technology is increasingly applied in eye disease screening. However, no research has suggested the prerequisites for health care service providers and residents willing to use it.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to reveal the preferences of health care service providers and residents for using artificial intelligence (AI) in community-based eye disease screening, particularly their preference for accuracy.

Effect of Ocular Magnification on Macular Choroidal Thickness Measurements Made Using Optical Coherence Tomography in Children.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between ocular magnification correction and macular choroidal thickness (ChT) measurements in children, and to demonstrate when ocular magnification correction is necessary.

Methods: Chinese children aged 6-9 years with various refractive statuses were included. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure macular ChT.

Increased serum 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels are correlated with an increased risk of diabetic retinopathy in both children and adults with diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between serum 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Children from the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye (SCADE) study and adults from the Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease (SCODE) were examined in 2021. Serum 12-HETE levels were detected and compared.

Role of corneal radius of curvature in early identification of fundus tessellation in children with low myopia.

Aim: To assess the role of the corneal radius of curvature (CR) in the identification of fundus tessellation in children with low myopia.

Methods: In the cross-sectional study, students aged 9-12 years from 24 primary schools in Shanghai were enrolled by cluster sampling. Participants underwent measurements including cycloplegic refraction and axial length.

Relationship Between Optical Coherence Tomography and Anterior Chamber Depth After Pupillary Dilation in Primary Angle Closure Suspects.

Prcis: Anterior chamber depth (ACD) change after pupillary dilation is correlated with lens vault (LV) and anterior chamber width (ACW), as observed by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) at both horizontal and vertical scans in patients with primary angle closure suspect and cataract.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between ACD and other anterior chamber parameters after pharmacological dilation in patients with primary angle closure suspect and cataract.

Patients And Methods: SS-OCT was performed for 78 patients at baseline and 1 hour after pharmacological dilation.

Time Outdoors in Reducing Myopia: A School-Based Cluster Randomized Trial with Objective Monitoring of Outdoor Time and Light Intensity.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of time outdoors per school day over 2 years on myopia onset and shift.

Design: A prospective, cluster-randomized, examiner-masked, 3-arm trial.

Participants: A total of 6295 students aged 6 to 9 years from 24 primary schools in Shanghai, China, stratified and randomized by school in a 1:1:1 ratio to control (n = 2037), test I (n = 2329), or test II (n = 1929) group.

Association between axial length elongation and spherical equivalent progression in Chinese children and adolescents.

Background: It is generally believed that a 1-mm axial length (AL) elongation of the eye corresponds to a -3.00 D spherical equivalent (SE) progression, but this is disputed.

Purpose: To investigate the association between AL elongation and SE progression among children and adolescents.

Identification of ceRNA network to explain the mechanism of cognitive dysfunctions induced by PS NPs in mice.

Plastics breaking down of larger plastics into smaller ones (microplastics and nanoplastic) as potential threats to the ecosystem. Previous studies demonstrate that the central nervous system (CNS) is a vulnerable target of nanoplastics. However, the potentially epigenetic biomarkers of nanoplastic neurotoxicity in rodent models are still unknown.

Relationship Between Paravascular Abnormalities and Choroidal Thickness in Young Highly Myopic Adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of paravascular abnormalities (PVAs) and retinoschisis, and their associations with choroidal thickness (ChT) in young highly myopic (HM) adults.

Methods: A total number of 645 eyes were included. Paravascular microfolds (PMs), paravascular cystoid spaces (PCs), paravascular lamellar holes (PLHs), and retinoschisis were detected using swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Choroidal Thickness and Its Association With Age, Axial Length, and Refractive Error in Chinese Adults.

Purpose: To identify the association between the choroidal thickness (ChT) with age and axial length (AL) under different refractive errors (REs) in Chinese adults.

Methods: Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure ChT in 2126 right eyes of 2126 participants. The participants were classified as having pathologic myopia (PM), high myopia without PM (HM), low myopia (LM), and nonmyopia (non-M) according to their REs and META-PM (the Meta-Analysis of Pathologic Myopia) classification criteria.

Automatic segmentation of multitype retinal fluid from optical coherence tomography images using semisupervised deep learning network.

Background/aims: To develop and validate a deep learning model for automated segmentation of multitype retinal fluid using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Methods: We retrospectively collected a total of 2814 completely anonymised OCT images with subretinal fluid (SRF) and intraretinal fluid (IRF) from 141 patients between July 2018 and June 2020, constituting our in-house retinal OCT dataset. On this dataset, we developed a novel semisupervised retinal fluid segmentation deep network (Ref-Net) to automatically identify SRF and IRF in a coarse-to-refine fashion.

Lipoxygenase Metabolism: Critical Pathways in Microglia-mediated Neuroinflammation and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

As innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), microglia are involved in the physiological processes of the CNS, including neural development and maintenance of homeostasis, and in the occurrence and development of most CNS diseases. Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of non-heme, iron-containing enzymes that generate lipid mediators that regulate cellular inflammation by catalyzing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Many previous studies have demonstrated the indispensable role of the LOX pathway in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, especially the 5-LOX and 12/15-LOX pathways.

Morphological characteristics of the optic nerve head and impacts on longitudinal change in macular choroidal thickness during myopia progression.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between morphological characteristics of Bruch's membrane opening distance (BMOD), border length (BL), border tissue angle (BTA), peripapillary atrophy (PPA) as well as axial length (AL) and incident decreased macular choroidal thickness (mChT) in young healthy myopic eyes.

Methods: A total of 323 participants aged 17-30 years were included in the current 2-year longitudinal study. Each participant underwent detailed ocular examinations at baseline and follow-up.

Accommodative responses under various viewing conditions in surgical patients with intermittent exotropia: an institutional, retrospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the difference of spherical equivalent (SE) and pupil diameter in adult patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) under various viewing conditions before and after surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 23 adult patients who underwent a surgery for IXT. The angle of deviation was measured by the prism and alternative cover test.

Number of parous events affects the association between physical exercise and glycemic control among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Multiparous women are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than primiparas. Physical activity during pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial for GDM, but there is little evidence on the association between physical activity and glycemic control among women with GDM, whether primiparas or multiparas. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine the association between physical activity and glycemic control in women with GDM and to determine what, if any, effects result from number of parous events.

Association between Different Grades of Myopic Tractional Maculopathy and OCT-Based Macular Scleral Deformation.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of macular outward scleral height (MOSH) in different grades of myopic tractional maculopathy (MTM) and explore the risk factors for MTM. Methods: A total of 188 eyes (188 participants) with high myopia were divided into the no MTM (nMTM) group and the MTM group, which was further graded into foveoschisis, foveal detachment, full-thickness macular hole, and macular hole with retinal detachment. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure the MOSH.