Macular and peripapillary Choroidal Vascularity Index in children with different refractive status.

Objectives: To characterize choroidal vascular changes in children with different refractive status.

Methods: A study including 5864 children aged 6-9 years was performed to investigate the choroidal vascular index (CVI) in myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic eyes. Each participant had a comprehensive ocular examination with cycloplegic autorefraction performed, axial length (AL) measured and Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) scans acquired.

Normative value of hyperopia reserve and myopic shift in Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-16 years.

Background: This research aims to generate normative values of hyperopia reserve and refractive progression as effective tools to estimate the risk of myopia.

Methods: A 1-year follow-up study was conducted among Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-16 years selected from schools and kinder gardens using cluster sampling. All participants underwent examinations including visual acuity, axial length and cycloplegic autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate).

Cutoff values of axial length/corneal radius ratio for determining myopia vary with age among 3-18 years old children and adolescents.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness and cutoffs of axial length/corneal radius (AL/CR) ratio for myopia detection in children by age.

Methods: Totally, 21 kindergartens and schools were enrolled. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction (NCAR), axial length (AL), horizontal and vertical meridian of corneal radius (CR1, CR2), and cycloplegic autorefraction were measured.

Cylinder power progression associated with axial length in young children: a two-year follow-up study.

Purpose: To describe the association of refraction development and axial length (AL) in young children and provide new insights into the progression of cylinder power.

Methods: Children (2-3 grades) were enrolled from primary schools in Shanghai and followed up for two years. Cycloplegic refraction, AL, and corneal curvature radius were measured.

Add-On Effect of 0.01% Atropine in Orthokeratology Wearers for Myopia Control in Children: A 2-Year Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Orthokeratology (OK) and low-concentration atropine are recommended approaches for controlling myopia. However, children with younger age and lower myopia are more likely to experience rapid axial progression during OK or atropine monotreatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of OK combined with low-concentration atropine for myopia control in children over 24 months and to determine whether the effect was sustainable.

Myopic maculopathy among Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes: the SCALE-HM study.

Aims: To investigate myopic maculopathy in Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included Chinese children aged 4-18 years with high myopia. Myopic maculopathy was classified by fundus photography and retinal thickness (RT) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in the posterior pole were measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography.

IMI-Global Trends in Myopia Management Attitudes and Strategies in Clinical Practice-2022 Update.

Purpose: Surveys in 2015 and 2019 identified a high level of eye care practitioner concern/activity about myopia, but the majority still prescribed single vision interventions to young myopes. This research aimed to provide updated information.

Methods: A self-administered, internet-based questionnaire was distributed in 13 languages, through professional bodies to eye care practitioners globally.

Effect of Repeated Low-level Red Light on Myopia Prevention Among Children in China With Premyopia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Myopia is a global concern, but effective prevention measures remain limited. Premyopia is a refractive state in which children are at higher risk of myopia, meriting preventive interventions.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of a repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) intervention in preventing incident myopia among children with premyopia.

The rate of orthokeratology lens use and associated factors in 33,280 children and adolescents with myopia: a cross-sectional study from Shanghai.

Objectives: To investigate the rate of orthokeratology lens (ortho-k lens) use and its associated factors in children and adolescents with myopia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study. Children from 104 primary and middle schools in Shanghai were enrolled by cluster sampling.

Potential Choroidal Mechanisms Underlying Atropine's Antimyopic and Rebound Effects: A Mediation Analysis in a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To investigate whether choroidal vascularity participates in high-dose atropine's antimyopia and rebound mechanisms.

Methods: A mediation analysis was embedded within a randomized controlled trial. In total, 207 myopic children were assigned randomly to group A/B.

Time outdoors positively associates with academic performance: a school-based study with objective monitoring of outdoor time.

Background: To explore the relationship between outdoor time and academic performance among school-aged children.

Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from a school-based prospective children myopia intervention study (STORM).

Changes of corneal biomechanics in children using orthokeratology and their roles in predicting axial length progression-A prospective 2-year study.

Purpose: To determine how orthokeratology (ortho-k) affects corneal biomechanical properties in myopia control and whether corneal biomechanical parameters can predict clinical efficacy of ortho-k.

Methods: A total of 125 children 7-15 years of age using ortho-k lenses were followed in this clinical practice and data of their right eyes were analysed. Corneal biomechanical parameters and most ocular biometry were measured at baseline, 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.

Using a combination of peripapillary atrophy area and choroidal thickness for the prediction of different types of myopic maculopathy.

Purpose: To analyse the topographic characteristics in macular choroidal thickness (mChT) and ocular biometry in myopic maculopathy and to explore the potential cut-off value for prediction of myopic maculopathy (MM).

Methods: All participants underwent detailed ocular examinations. MM was subdivided into thin choroid, Bruch's membrane (BM) defects, choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and myopic tractional maculopathy (MTM) according to OCT-based classification system.

Comprehensive LncRNA and Potential Molecular Mechanism Analysis in Noninfectious Uveitis.

Purpose: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is noncoding RNA and have played a key role or be treated as a biomarker in a variety of diseases such as tumors. However, extensive lncRNA analysis for uveitis has not been explored completely. In this study, we analyzed the lncRNAs with altered expression in peripheral blood comprehensively for three major autoimmune diseases (ankylosing spondylitis [AS], Behҫet's disease [BD], and sarcoidosis) to search potential hub gene and molecular mechanism for noninfectious uveitis.

[Epidemiology of high myopia among children and adolescents in China].

Myopia, especially high myopia, seriously affects the children and adolescents' quality of learning and life relating to a series of eye diseases. More and more studies show that the prevalence of high myopia in children and adolescents in China continues to rise, and gradually increases with age, showing a trend of younger age development. In this review, the existing literature was systematically reviewed to explore the differences in the prevalence of high myopia among people at different times, ages, and regions and understand the epidemiological status of high myopia in children and adolescents, so as to provide theoretical basis for further prevention and control of high myopia.

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Endogenous Endophthalmitis in a Tertiary Hospital in Shanghai, China.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical features of endogenous endophthalmitis (EKPE) and the molecular characteristics of pathogenic .

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between January 2014 and January 2021. Clinical data were extracted.

Efficacy of a Deep Learning System for Screening Myopic Maculopathy Based on Color Fundus Photographs.

Introduction: The maculopathy in highly myopic eyes is complex. Its clinical diagnosis is a huge workload and subjective. To simply and quickly classify pathologic myopia (PM), a deep learning algorithm was developed and assessed to screen myopic maculopathy lesions based on color fundus photographs.

A moderate dosage of coffee causes acute retinal capillary perfusion decrease in healthy young individuals.

Aim: Caffeinated beverages are very popular across populations and cultures, but quantitative evidence of the acute effects of moderate coffee doses on retinal perfusion is sparse and contradicting. Thus, the aim of this randomized, cross-over and parallel-group design study was to investigate whether moderate consumption of coffee alters macular retinal capillary perfusion in young healthy individuals.

Methods: Twenty-seven young healthy individuals were recruited for this study.

Axial length changes in progressive and non-progressive myopic children in China.

Purpose: Due to pubertal development and crystalline lens compensation, axial length (AL) continues to increase among non-progressive myopic children (absolute annual spherical equivalent (SE) progression less than 0.25 diopter), but the amount is unknown. This study was to investigate the cutoff of AL change to accurately differentiate between progressive and non-progressive myopes.

TGF-β/Smad Signalling Activation by HTRA1 Regulates the Function of Human Lens Epithelial Cells and Its Mechanism in Posterior Subcapsular Congenital Cataract.

Congenital cataract is the leading cause of blindness among children worldwide. Patients with posterior subcapsular congenital cataract (PSC) in the central visual axis can result in worsening vision and stimulus deprivation amblyopia. However, the pathogenesis of PSC remains unclear.

Early Retinal Microvasculopathy in Prediabetic Patients and Correlated Factors.

Introduction: We aimed to detect early retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients and investigate their correlation with clinical examinations.

Methods: Forty-seven prediabetic individuals, 29 controls, and 81 type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients were enrolled in this study. A review of clinical data and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD-OCTA) parameters of macular vessel diameter (VD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and macular vessel area density (VAD) was performed.