Development of 3D printed electrospun vascular graft loaded with tetramethylpyrazine for reducing thrombosis and restraining aneurysmal dilatation.

Background: Small-diameter vascular grafts have become the focus of attention in tissue engineering. Thrombosis and aneurysmal dilatation are the two major complications of the loss of vascular access after surgery. Therefore, we focused on fabricating 3D printed electrospun vascular grafts loaded with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) to overcome these limitations.

Cisplatin-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles capped with MnO and coated with platelet membrane provide synergistic anti-tumor therapy.

A multifunctional nanoplatform was constructed in this work, with the goal of ameliorating the challenges faced with traditional cancer chemotherapy. Cisplatin (CP) was loaded into mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) nanoparticles (NPs) with a drug loading of 15.8 ± 0.

Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Chitosan-Polypyrrole Nanogels Co-Deliver Drug and Gene for Targeted Chemotherapy and Bone Metastasis Inhibition of Prostate Cancer.

The development of functional nanoplatforms to improve the chemotherapy outcome and inhibit distal cancer cell metastasis remains an extreme challenge in cancer management. In this work, a human-derived PC-3 cancer cell membrane-camouflaged chitosan-polypyrrole nanogel (CH-PPy NG) platform, which can be loaded with chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel (DTX) and RANK siRNA for targeted chemotherapy and gene silencing-mediated metastasis inhibition of late-stage prostate cancer in a mouse model, is reported. The prepared NGs with a size of 155.

Methacrylated gelatin and platelet-rich plasma based hydrogels promote regeneration of critical-sized bone defects.

Physiological repair of large-sized bone defects requires instructive scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, vasculogenic ability and osteo-inductivity. The objective of this study was to fabricate injectable hydrogels using platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-loaded gelatin methacrylate (GM) and employ them for the regeneration of large-sized bone defects. We performed various biological assays as well as assessed the mechanical properties of GM@PRP hydrogels alongside evaluating the release kinetics of growth factors (GFs) from hydrogels.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Multiple Modulation of Bone Microenvironment To Tackle Osteoarthritis.

Development of nanomedicines that can collaboratively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit inflammatory cytokines, along with osteogenesis promotion, is essential for efficient osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Herein, we report the design of a ROS-responsive nanomedicine formulation based on fibronectin (FN)-coated polymer nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with azabisdimethylphoaphonate-terminated phosphorus dendrimers (G4-TBP). The constructed G4-TBP NPs-FN with a size of 268 nm are stable under physiological conditions, can be specifically taken up by macrophages through the FN-mediated targeting, and can be dissociated in the oxidative inflammatory microenvironment.

An Encapsulation-Free and Hierarchical Porous Triboelectric Scaffold with Dynamic Hydrophilicity for Efficient Cartilage Regeneration.

Tissue engineering and electrotherapy are two promising methods to promote tissue repair. However, their integration remains an underexplored area, because their requirements on devices are usually distinct. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have shown great potential to develop self-powered devices.

Hybrid Hydrogen Bonding Strategy to Construct Instantaneous Self-Healing Highly Elastic Ionohydrogel for Multi-Functional Electronics.

Gels show great promise for applications in wearable electronics, biomedical devices, and energy storage systems due to their exceptional stretchability and adjustable electrical conductivity. However, the challenge lies in integrating multiple functions like elasticity, instantaneous self-healing, and a wide operating temperature range into a single gel. To address this issue, a hybrid hydrogen bonding strategy to construct gel with these desirable properties is proposed.

Brain Delivery of Biomimetic Phosphorus Dendrimer/Antibody Nanocomplexes for Enhanced Glioma Immunotherapy via Immune Modulation of T Cells and Natural Killer Cells.

Fully mobilizing the activities of multiple immune cells is crucial to achieve the desired tumor immunotherapeutic efficacy yet still remains challenging. Herein, we report a nanomedicine formulation based on phosphorus dendrimer (termed AK128)/programmed cell death protein 1 antibody (aPD1) nanocomplexes (NCs) that are camouflaged with M1-type macrophage cell membranes (M1m) for enhanced immunotherapy of orthotopic glioma. The constructed AK128-aPD1@M1m NCs with a mean particle size of 160.

Bone-inspired stress-gaining elastomer enabled by dynamic molecular locking.

The limited capacity of typical materials to resist stress loading, which affects their mechanical performance, is one of the most formidable challenges in materials science. Here, we propose a bone-inspired stress-gaining concept of converting typically destructive stress into a favorable factor to substantially enhance the mechanical properties of elastomers. The concept was realized by a molecular design of dynamic poly(oxime-urethanes) network with mesophase domains.

Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative electrospun nanofiber membrane promotes diabetic wound healing via macrophage modulation.

Background: In the inflammatory milieu of diabetic chronic wounds, macrophages undergo substantial metabolic reprogramming and play a pivotal role in orchestrating immune responses. Itaconic acid, primarily synthesized by inflammatory macrophages as a byproduct in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has recently gained increasing attention as an immunomodulator. This study aims to assess the immunomodulatory capacity of an itaconic acid derivative, 4-Octyl itaconate (OI), which was covalently conjugated to electrospun nanofibers and investigated through in vitro studies and a full-thickness wound model of diabetic mice.

Electrospun organic/inorganic hybrid nanofibers for accelerating wound healing: a review.

Electrospun nanofiber membranes hold great promise as scaffolds for tissue reconstruction, mirroring the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in their structure. However, their limited bioactive functions have hindered their effectiveness in fostering wound healing. Inorganic nanoparticles possess commendable biocompatibility, which can expedite wound healing; nevertheless, deploying them in the particle form presents challenges associated with removal or collection.

Dual-enzyme decorated semiconducting polymer nanoagents for second near-infrared photoactivatable ferroptosis-immunotherapy.

Enzymes provide a class of potential options to treat cancer, while the precise regulation of enzyme activities for effective and safe therapeutic actions has been poorly reported. Dual-enzyme decorated semiconducting polymer nanoagents for second near-infrared (NIR-II) photoactivatable ferroptosis-immunotherapy are reported in this study. Such nanoagents (termed SPH) consist of hemoglobin (Hb)-based semiconducting polymer (SP@Hb), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and glucose oxidase (GOx) with loadings in a thermal-responsive nanoparticle shell.

Pro-vasculogenic Fibers by PDA-Mediated Surface Functionalization Using Cell-Free Fat Extract (CEFFE).

Formation of adequate vascular network within engineered three-dimensional (3D) tissue substitutes postimplantation remains a major challenge for the success of biomaterials-based tissue regeneration. To better mimic the angiogenic and vasculogenic processes, nowadays increasing attention is given to the strategy of functionalizing biomaterial scaffolds with multiple bioactive agents. Aimed at engineering electrospun biomimicking fibers with pro-vasculogenic capability, this study was proposed to functionalize electrospun fibers of polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/GT) by cell-free fat extract (CEFFE or FE), a newly emerging natural "cocktail" of cytokines and growth factors extracted from human adipose tissue.

Blood-brain barrier-crossing dendrimers for glioma theranostics.

Glioma, as a disease of the central nervous system, is difficult to be treated due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that can severely hamper the efficacy of most therapeutic agents. Hence, drug delivery to glioma in an efficient, safe, and specifically targeted manner is the key to effective treatment of glioma. With the advances in nanotechnology, targeted drug delivery systems have been extensively explored to deliver chemotherapeutic agents, nucleic acids, and contrast agents.

Constructing "smart" chelators by using an activatable prochelator strategy for the treatment of Wilson's disease.

Wilson's disease (WD) is a genetic disorder that primarily leads to the pathological accumulation of copper (Cu) in the liver, causing an abnormal increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). The prevailing clinical therapy for WD involves lifelong use of Cu chelation drugs to facilitate Cu excretion in patients. However, most available drugs exert severely side-effects due to their non-specific excretion of Cu, unsuitable for long-term use.

CO-Mediated Alkali-Neutralization Curdlan Hydrogels for Potential Wound Healing Application.

Physical hydrogels of natural polysaccharides are considered as ideal candidates for wound dressing due to their natural biological activity and no harmful cross-linking agents. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate such hydrogel dressings in a facile and low-cost way. Herein, we reported an easy and cost-effective method to construct CO-mediated alkali-neutralization Curdlan (CR) hydrogels without using an external cross-linking agent.

Ibuprofen-loaded bilayer electrospun mesh modulates host response toward promoting full-thickness abdominal wall defect repair.

Pro-inflammatory response impairs the constructive repair of abdominal wall defects after mesh implantation. Electrospinning-aid functionalization has the potential to improve the highly orchestrated response by attenuating the over-activation of foreign body reactions. Herein, we combined poly(L-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLLA-CL) with gelatin proportionally via electrospinning, with Ibuprofen (IBU) incorporation to fabricate a bilayer mesh for the repair improvement.

Physiological cyclic stretching potentiates the cell-cell junctions in vascular endothelial layer formed on aligned fiber substrate.

In vascular tissue engineering, formation of stable endothelial cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesions is essential for maintaining long-term patency of the tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). In this study, sheet-like aligned fibrous substrates of poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) were prepared by electrospinning to provide basement membrane-resembling structural support to endothelial cells (ECs). Cyclic stretching at physiological and pathological levels was then applied to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured on chosen fibrous substrate using a force-loading device, from which effects of the cyclic stretching on cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesions were examined.

High Performance and Reprocessable In Situ Generated Nanofiber Reinforced Composites Based on Liquid Crystal Polyarylate.

Polymers are playing important roles in the rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs); However, most polymers cannot meet the high requirements of thermomechanical performance; Thus, various polymeric composites are developed for triboelectric layer. These composites are hardly recycled since their reinforcements are unevenly distributed after reprocessing, which limits the sustainable development of TENGs. To solve the above challenges, in situ generated nanofiber reinforced composites (NFRCs) based on single-component liquid crystal polyarylate (LCP) are designed and prepared via a one-step polycondensation.

4D Printed Non-Euclidean-Plate Jellyfish Inspired Soft Robot in Diverse Organic Solvents.

Soft robots have the potential to assist and complement human exploration of extreme and harsh environments (i.e., organic solvents).

Electrospun membranes chelated by metal magnesium ions enhance pro-angiogenic activity and promote diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wounds, resulting from skin atrophy due to localized ischemia and hypoxia in diabetic patients, lead to chronic pathological inflammation and delayed healing. Using electrospinning technology, we developed magnesium ion-chelated nanofiber membranes to explore their efficacy in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic applications for wound healing. These membranes are flexible and elastic, resembling native skin tissue, and possess good hydrophilicity for comfortable wound bed contact.

Fiber configuration determines foreign body response of electrospun scaffolds:andassessments.

Biomaterial scaffolds boost tissue repair and regeneration by providing physical support, delivering biological signals and/or cells, and recruiting endogenous cells to facilitate tissue-material integration and remodeling. Foreign body response (FBR), an innate immune response that occurs immediately after biomaterial implantation, is a critical factor in determining the biological outcomes of biomaterial scaffolds. Electrospinning is of great simplicity and cost-effectiveness to produce nanofiber scaffolds with well-defined physicochemical properties and has been used in a variety of regenerative medicine applications in preclinical trials and clinical practice.