Treatment decision-making factors and sequencing in recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Treatment options for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN) have evolved over the past decade and have helped improve survival outcomes for patients. Most national and regional guidelines recommend first-line therapy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (with or without chemotherapy) or a cetuximab-based regimen, by assessment of expression levels of the biomarker programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). However, patient- and tumor-specific factors, including the patient's age, comorbidities, performance status, and tumor burden, kinetics and spread also need to be considered to optimize treatment in the first line.

Gut-X axis.

Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and gut microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention on the contribution of the gut to the pathophysiological alterations of many extraintestinal organs, including the liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, and endocrine systems. In this review, we applied the "gut-X axis" concept to describe the linkages between the gut and other organs and discussed the latest findings related to the "gut-X axis," including the underlying modulatory mechanisms and potential clinical intervention strategies.

/BRG1-deficient non-small cell lung cancer: clinical, imaging, pathological features, and follow-up results of 23 patients.

Background: /BRG1-deficient non-small cell lung cancer (S/B-d NSCLC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, imaging, serum tumor marker, and pathological features of S/B-d NSCLC, particularly computed tomography (CT) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) scan features.

Methods: Our analysis included 23 patients with pathologically confirmed S/B-d NSCLC from January 2021 to December 2023.

How Do Nurses Decide on Missed Nursing Care? A Grounded Theory Study of Grassroots Arrangement of Nursing Care.

Aims: To explore the complete decision-making process and action logic of nurses making autonomous decisions that result in missed nursing care.

Background: The complex characteristics of patients in Intensive Care Units place higher demands on the allocation of nursing resources, as well as on the professional skills, resilience and ethics of nursing staff. Preventing missed nursing care is particularly crucial in Intensive Care Units.

The Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in the Conduct Disorder Literature: A Time-Sensitive Review.

Background: Among presenting conditions in pediatric acute care settings, conduct disorder (CD) is a potentially stigmatizing yet common diagnosis in the setting of behavioral dysregulation requiring psychiatric admission. Concerns exist about over-diagnosis of CD in non-Hispanic Black children relative to White peers and the potential for the CD diagnosis to obfuscate manifestations of co-occurring psychiatric conditions.

Methods: We evaluated the number of manuscripts on CD diagnoses that report race and ethnicity and co-occurring mental health characteristics (i.

The value of net influx constant based on FDG PET/CT dynamic imaging in the differential diagnosis of metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes in lung cancer.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the value of the dynamic and static quantitative metabolic parameters derived from F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) in the differential diagnosis of metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in lung cancer and to validate them based on the results of a previous study.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-one patients with lung nodules or masses detected on chest CT scan underwent F-FDG PET/CT dynamic + static imaging with informed consent. A retrospective collection of 126 LNs in 37 patients with lung cancer was pathologically confirmed.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Prognosis and Assessment of 60 Cases of Decompensated Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Hypertension.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for the development of portal hypertension in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and analyze their prognosis.

Methods: Patients with decompensated cirrhosis who were admitted to our hospital and Qu fu People's Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were included in this study. Among them, there were 45 male and 15 female patients, with a median age of 56 (range: 35-77) years.

Extracellular vesicles from normal tissues orchestrate the homeostasis of macrophages and attenuate inflammatory injury of sepsis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) exist throughout our bodies. We recently revealed the important role of intracardiac EVs induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion on cardiac injury and dysfunction. However, the role of EVs isolated from normal tissues remains unclear.

Role of Lymphangiogenesis in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration.

This article highlights the importance of the structure and function of cardiac lymphatics in cardiovascular diseases and the therapeutic potential of cardiac lymphangiogenesis. Specifically, we explore the innate lymphangiogenic response to damaged cardiac tissue or cardiac injury, derive key findings from regenerative models demonstrating how robust lymphangiogenic responses can be supported to improve cardiac function, and introduce an approach to imaging the structure and function of cardiac lymphatics.

Development and validation of a prognostic model incorporating tumor thrombus grading for nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus: A multicohort study.

There is significant variability with respect to the prognosis of nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients with venous tumor thrombus (VTT). By applying multiregion whole-exome sequencing on normal-tumor-thrombus-metastasis quadruples from 33 ccRCC patients, we showed that metastases were mainly seeded by VTT (81.8%) rather than primary tumors (PTs).

Global Characteristics and Dynamics of Single Immune Cells After Myocardial Infarction.

Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by the emergence of dead or dying cardiomyocytes and excessive immune cell infiltration after coronary vessel occlusion. However, the complex transcriptional profile, pathways, cellular interactome, and transcriptional regulators of immune subpopulations after MI remain elusive. Methods and Results Here, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to MI surgery and monitored for 1 day and 7 days, or sham surgery for 7 days, then cardiac CD45-positive immune cells were collected for single-cell RNA sequencing to determine immune heterogeneity.

KLF13 Loss-of-Function Mutations Underlying Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by progressive left ventricular enlargement and systolic dysfunction, is the most common type of cardiomyopathy and a leading cause of heart failure and cardiac death. Accumulating evidence underscores the critical role of genetic defects in the pathogenesis of DCM, and >250 genes have been implicated in DCM to date. However, DCM is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic basis underpinning DCM remains elusive in most cases.

Hypothermia reduces glymphatic transportation in traumatic edematous brain assessed by intrathecal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

The glymphatic system has recently been shown to clear brain extracellular solutes and can be extensively impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite hypothermia being identified as a protective method for the injured brain via minimizing the formation of edema in the animal study, little is known about how hypothermia affects the glymphatic system following TBI. We use dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) following cisterna magna infusion with a low molecular weight contrast agent to track glymphatic transport in male Sprague-Dawley rats following TBI with hypothermia treatment and use diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence to identify edema after TBI, and further distinguish between vasogenic and cytotoxic edema.

Endothelial Foxp1 Regulates Neointimal Hyperplasia Via Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B Signal Pathway.

Background The endothelium is essential for maintaining vascular physiological homeostasis and the endothelial injury leads to the neointimal hyperplasia because of the excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Endothelial Foxp1 (forkhead box P1) has been shown to control endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and migration in vitro. However, whether EC-Foxp1 participates in neointimal formation in vivo is not clear.

Effect of KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations on survival with trifluridine/tipiracil in pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: KRAS gene mutations can predict prognosis and treatment response in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods: We undertook a meta-analysis of three randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RECOURSE, TERRA and J003) to investigate the impact of KRAS mutations in codons 12 or 13 on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival in patients receiving trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) for refractory mCRC.

Results: A total of 1375 patients were included, of whom 478 had a KRAS codon 12 mutation and 130 had a KRAS codon 13 mutation.

Evaluation of Safety of Treatment With Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibody Drug Conjugate MRG003 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase 1 Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The antibody drug conjugate drug MRG003 comprises an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that is conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E via a valine-citrulline linker. There is currently insufficient evidence of this drug's safety and efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and maximum tolerated dose of MRG003 in a phase 1a study and investigate the preliminary antitumor activity in EGFR-expressing patients in a phase 1b study.

Effects of free range-of-motion upper limb exercise based on mirror therapy on shoulder function in patients after breast cancer surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Shoulder function complications are common after treatment for breast cancer. Quite a few survivors still report a limited shoulder range of motion, even though the free range-of-motion upper limb exercise is helpful to restore shoulder function. Mirror therapy (MT) is a classical and effective rehabilitation technique to recover motor and sensory function for the limbs; in addition, studies have reported that MT has an influence on patients with shoulder functional dysfunction including increasing shoulder range of motion, improving shoulder function scores, and decreasing pain scores.

Differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation on institutions, beds, and workforce: a longitudinal study in China.

Background: The distribution of health-care resources is foundational to achieving fairness and having access to health service. China and its local Shanghai's government have implemented measures to allocate health-care resources with the equity as one of the major goals since 2009-health-care reform. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation on institutions, beds, and workforce in Shanghai over 7 years.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac extracellular vesicles harbour proinflammatory features and aggravate heart injury.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) curb important biological functions. We previously disclosed that ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces increased release of EVs (IR-EVs) in the heart. However, the role of IR-EVs in IR pathological process remains poorly understood.

Clinical significance of circulating exosomal PD-L1 and soluble PD-L1 in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type.

Exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1) is reported to be associated with immunosuppression in various cancers. However, its clinical value in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) has not been defined yet. We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic value of pretreatment circulating soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) and exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1) in ENKTL patients treated with VIPD-containing chemotherapy.

Programmable ROS-Mediated Cancer Therapy via Magneto-Inductions.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of oxygen derived radicals and derivatives, can induce cancer cell death via elevated oxidative stress. A spatiotemporal approach with safe and deep-tissue penetration capabilities to elevate the intracellular ROS level is highly desirable for precise cancer treatment. Here, a mechanical-thermal induction therapy (MTIT) strategy is developed for a programmable increase of ROS levels in cancer cells via assembly of magnetic nanocubes integrated with alternating magnetic fields.

Efficacy of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and their effects on the expression of serum TNF-α and IL-6.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and its effect on the expression of serum TNF-α and IL-6.

Methods: The clinical data of 86 patients with knee OA treated in the Shanghai East Hospital Tongji University from March 2015 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Observation group (treated with intraarticular injection of autologous BMSC); Control group (treated with arthroscopic debridement and injected with sodium hyaluronate).

Allogeneic adipose-derived stem cell transplantation on knee osteoarthritis rats and its effect on MMP-13 and DDR2.

This study investigated the efficacy of transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ADMSCs) in rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and the effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) and discoid domain receptor 2 (DDR2). In total, sixty rats were randomly selected. Eleven rats were selected as the blank group.