Application of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in control evaluation of bronchial asthma and diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children.

Objectives: To study the association of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) with asthma control and their value in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children.

Methods: A total of 186 children aged 5-12 years, who attended the outpatient service of the Department of Respiration, Shanghai Children's Hospital due to bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis or who underwent physical examination, were enrolled as subjects, with 52 children in the asthma group, 60 children in the asthma+allergic rhinitis group, 36 children in the allergic rhinitis group, and 38 children in the control group. FeNO, nNO, and pulmonary function were compared between groups.

Transrectal ultrasound-guided seminal vesicle catheterization with continuous antibiotic infusion for the treatment of refractory hematospermia.

The aim of the present study was to describe transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided seminal vesicle catheterizations with continuous antibiotic infusion in patients with persistent hematospermia. A retrospective record review of 45 patients with refractory hematospermia treated with TRUS-guided seminal vesicle catheterization between 2010 and 2017 was performed. Seminal vesicle puncture and catheterization was performed under TRUS guidance for all patients.

Clinical features and surgical treatment of double elevator palsy in young children.

Aim: To describe the clinical features of congenital double elevator palsy (CDEP) and to evaluate various surgical outcomes between the standard Knapp and augmented Knapp procedures, based on improvements in primary eye position and ocular motility.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with CDEP at Shanghai Children's Hospital were enrolled from July 2014 to January 2018. The forced duction test (FDT) was negative in 21 patients, aged 8mo to 12y (mean 5.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on rats with convulsive status epilepticus and association with activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.

Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a neurological disease with contraction and extension of limbs, leading to damage of hippocampus and cognition. This study aimed to explore the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on the cognitive function and neuroinflammation in CSE rats. All rats were divided into control group, CSE group and DEX group.

Cu(II)-Catalyzed 6π-Photocyclization of Dienynes.

The first 6π-photocyclization of dienynes was developed, which provides a new and effective protocol for the synthesis of the phenyl ring in excellent yields with nice functional group tolerance. In this transformation, the Cu(OTf) catalyst plays a key role in the conversion of alkyne moiety into an alkene-type moiety, which means that the dienyne reactant is converted into a triene-type substrate. Thus, this reaction proceeds via a Cu(II)-catalyzed 6π-photocyclization of triene-type derivatives.

Dearomatization-Induced Cycloaddition and Aromatization-Triggered Rearrangement: Synthesis of Vertically Expanded Five-Ring Fused Benzofurans.

A dearomatization strategy has been developed for the efficient construction of vertically expanded five-ring fused benzofurans from ortho-alkynylphenols and ortho-alkynylarylaldimines. The stepwise procedure comprises a dearomatization-induced silver-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition followed by an aromatization-triggered ytterbium-catalyzed rearrangement.

Vagus nerve electrical stimulation inhibits serum levels of S100A8 protein in septic shock rats.

The vagus nerve and the released acetylcholine exert anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit septic shock. However, their detailed mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of vagus nerve electrical stimulation on serum S100A8 levels in septic shock rats.

A simple, rapid, and efficient method for isolating detrusor for the culture of bladder smooth muscle cells.

Purpose: To establish a simple and rapid method to remove serosa and mucosa from detrusor for the culture of bladder smooth muscle cells (SMCs).

Methods: Fourteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated to two groups. In the first group, pure bladder detrusor was directly obtained from bladder wall using novel method characterized by subserous injection of normal saline.

Transrectal real-time elastography-guided transperineal prostate biopsy as an improved tool for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the utility of transrectal real-time elastography (TRTE)-guided prostate biopsies in patients subjected to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided transperineal prostate biopsies.

Materials And Methods: A total of 108 consecutive patients suspicious for prostate cancer (PCa) with elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level > 4 μg/L or abnormal findings on digital rectal examination (DRE) were enrolled in this study. All patients were sequentially underwent 10-cores systematic biopsy and TRTE-guided targeted biopsy.

Identification of a proliferator-activated receptor-γ antagonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In the present study, a novel antagonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was screened and identified, and a cell-based evaluation of the biological activity of this PPARγ antagonist was conducted. The aim of the study was to produce results that may provide a foundation for the development of a novel compound in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Since obesity is the main cause of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, identifying a new reagent that is able to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation is a feasible method of developing novel anti-diabetes drugs.

Bifidobacterium adolescentis supplementation ameliorates visceral fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in an experimental model of the metabolic syndrome.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (Bif) supplementation on visceral fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity of the metabolic syndrome in HF-diet-fed rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n 10 per group) were fed four different experimental diets for 12 weeks as follows: standard diet; high-fat (HF) diet; a mix of HF diet and Bif; a mix of standard diet and Bif. Liver, mesenteric fat, epididymal fat, retroperitoneal fat, and inguinal fat, pancreas and triceps surae in all four groups of the rats were weighed, while liver steatosis and insulin sensitivity were evaluated at the end point of the study.

[Clinical significance of sequential monitoring minimal residual disease in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Objective: To study the clinical significance of sequentially monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

Method: Eighty one B-ALL cases were enrolled in the study from January 2004 to December 2009. Leukemia cell markers were detected by flow cytometry at diagnosis, then regularly followed-up.

[Antioxidative role of peroxiredoxin 6 in acute lung injury].

Objective: To confirm the antioxidant protective effect of peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) in acute lung injury in mice.

Methods: Lung injury or lung alveolar type II epithelial cell (AEC II) injury models were induced in mice by 100% O2 exposure or H2O2 treatments. Mice and AEC II cell survival rate or BALF analysis were applied for evaluating the degree of acute lung injury.