Transition and Aftercare Following a Child's Discharge From ICU to a General Ward: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Parental Experiences.

Background: Transitions from the intensive care unit (ICU) to the general ward cause great impairment of physical and psychosocial functioning in children and their parents. Better understanding of parental experiences during children's ICU-to-ward transitions is required to inform the development of ICU transitional care.

Aim: To examine the parental experiences during their children's ICU-to-ward transitions through the synthesis of original qualitative studies.

Newborn Genetic Screening Improves the Screening Efficiency for Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Multicenter Study in China.

Newborn congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening has been widely used worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of applying biochemical and gene panel sequencing as screening tests for CH and to analyze the mutation spectrum of CH in China. Newborns were prospectively recruited from eight hospitals in China between February and December 2021.

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics network analysis across different delivery modes in human pregnancy: a pilot study.

Background: Delivery mode has been linked to child health, e.g., allergic disease.

Efficacy Analysis of Modified Single-Incision Surgery for Repair of Pediatric Chest Wall Defects: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of modified single-incision surgery with that of traditional modified Ravitch surgery for the repair of pectus excavatum in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included patients who underwent surgical correction for sternal depression from January 2015 to December 2020 across four major medical centers. Patients were categorized into two specific groups on the basis of the surgical technique employed: the modified single-incision surgery group, which comprised patients treated using the novel single-incision approach, and the traditional modified Ravitch surgery group, which included patients who received the conventional Ravitch surgery with multiple incisions.

Observed Effects on Very Early Pregnancy Linked to Ambient PM Exposure in China among Women Undergoing Fertilization-Embryo Transfer.

The adverse effect of ambient PM exposure on very early pregnancy (VEP) remains controversial among epidemiological studies but is supported by toxicological evidence. We adopted a multicenter retrospective cohort of 141,040 cycles to evaluate the effect of PM exposure on the VEP using the fertilization and embryo transfer platform and high-resolution PM data in China. We first investigated the association between PM exposure 1 week before and 1 week after the embryo transfer date and VEP.

Leveraging artificial intelligence for predicting spontaneous closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect in children: a multicentre, retrospective study in China.

Background: Perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) is a prevalent congenital heart disease, presenting challenges in predicting spontaneous closure, which is crucial for therapeutic decisions. Existing models mainly rely on structured echocardiographic parameters or restricted data. This study introduces an artificial intelligence (AI)-based model, which uses natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning with the aim of improving spontaneous closure predictability in PMVSD.

mFusion: a multiscale fusion method bridging neuroimages to genes through neurotransmissions in mental health disorders.

Mental health disorders emerge from complex interactions among neurobiological processes across multiple scales, which poses challenges in uncovering pathological pathways from molecular dysfunction to neuroimaging changes. Here, we proposed a multiscale fusion (mFusion) method to evaluate the relevance of each gene to the neuroimaging traits of mental health disorders. We combined gene-neuroimaging associations with gene-positron emission tomography (PET) and PET-neuroimaging associations using protein-protein interaction networks, where various genes traced by PET maps are involved in neurotransmission.

Effective Bone Tissue Fabrication Using 3D-Printed Citrate-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds Laden with BMP9-Stimulated Human Urine Stem Cells.

Effective repair of large bone defects through bone tissue engineering (BTE) remains an unmet clinical challenge. Successful BTE requires optimal and synergistic interactions among biocompatible scaffolds, osteogenic factors, and osteoprogenitors to form a highly vascularized microenvironment for bone regeneration and osseointegration. We sought to develop a highly effective BTE system by using 3D printed citrate-based mPOC/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites laden with BMP9-stimulated human urine stem cells (USCs).

DNAJC12 downregulation induces neuroblastoma progression via increased histone H4K5 lactylation.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Despite treatment advances, the survival rates of high-risk NB patients remain low. This highlights the urgent need for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving NB progression to support the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Liver transplantation in a boy with TFAM mutation associated mtDNA depletion syndrome.

Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) deficiency may cause mtDNA depletion syndrome, which manifests as neonatal liver failure or primary ovarian insufficiency, hearing loss, seizures, and intellectual disability. Treatment focusing on symptomatic management, and the clinical prognosis remains poor. Here, we describe a novel case of TFAM mutation presenting with progressive neonatal cholestasis, hypoglycemia and abnormal amino acid profiling.

Hemorrhage risk after coblation tonsillectomy in Chinese pediatric: a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the incidence of post-coblation tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PCTH) and identify associated risk factors in a pediatric Chinese population.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter cohort study, conducted over 17 months, included 8854 pediatric patients who underwent coblation tonsillectomy across 15 research centers in China. Patient data were collected through an Electronic Data Capture (EDC) system.

Integrating rare pathogenic variant prioritization with gene-based association analysis to identify novel genes and relevant multimodal traits for Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Increasing evidence has highlighted rare variants in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, insufficient sample sizes, especially in underrepresented ethnic groups, hinder their investigation. Additionally, their impact on endophenotypes remains largely unexplored.

Association of humidity and precipitation with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The relationship of asthma with humidity and precipitation remains controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of increased humidity and precipitation with asthma risk.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Wanfang, CQVIP, and CNKI.

Progress and Gaps in Respiratory Disease Research and Treatment: Highlights of the IRM 2024 in Shanghai.

Respiratory diseases pose a major public health challenge globally, necessitating collaborative efforts between basic researchers and clinicians for effective solutions. China, which is heavily impacted by a broad spectrum of respiratory disorders, has made notable strides in both research and clinical management of these diseases. The International Respiratory Medicine (IRM) meeting was organized with the primary goal of facilitating the exchange of recent research developments and promoting collaboration between Chinese and American scientists in both basic and clinical research fields.

SHIP-1 regulates the differentiation and function of Tregs via inhibiting mTORC1 activity.

Cell metabolism is crucial for orchestrating the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the underlying mechanism that coordinates cell metabolism to regulate Treg activity is not completely understood. As a pivotal molecule in lipid metabolism, the role of SHIP-1 in Tregs remains unknown.

Maternal multivitamin supplementation mitigates the risk of fetal congenital heart disease associated with high indoor total volatile organic compounds exposure in east china: a case-control study.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common birth defect. Our previous studies suggest that indoor air pollution, especially total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), may increase fetal CHD risk, whereas vitamin and folic acid (FA) supplements in early pregnancy might offer protection against CHD. However, limited research has explored whether FA or multivitamin supplementation can mitigate the effects of TVOCs exposure on CHD.

Glycyrrhizin Attenuates White Matter Injury by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation through the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway.

White matter injury (WMI) is a common complication of preterm birth, potentially resulting in long-term behavioral and motor abnormalities. The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizin (GLY) on WMI, and try to elucidate the potential mechanisms. In vivo chronic hypoxia-induced WMI mouse model and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced WMI cell model were established, and the effects of GLY on WMI were explored through multiple assays, such as western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, behavioral experiments, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), molecular docking, and bioinformatics analysis.

Effects of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae.

With the widespread application of pesticides, water pollution problems are becoming more and more serious, which is very likely to cause harm to fish. Lower vertebrates, including fish, have the ability to repair damaged tissues. The spread of pesticides in the water may affect their regeneration process after injury, leading to their death, thereby affecting the survival rate of the population.

CDCM: a correlation-dependent connectivity map approach to rapidly screen drugs during outbreaks of infectious diseases.

In the context of the global damage caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the emergence of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern, research into methods that can rapidly test potential therapeutics during an outbreak of a new infectious disease is urgently needed. Computational drug discovery is an effective way to solve such problems. The existence of various large open databases has mitigated the time and resource consumption of traditional drug development and improved the speed of drug discovery.

Chondrocyte-targeted bilirubin/rapamycin carrier-free nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress and modulate autophagy for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic disease, characterized by the destruction of joint cartilage and synovitis, affects over 7 % of people worldwide. Disease-modifying treatments for OA still face significant challenges. Chondrocytes, as the exclusive cellular component of articular cartilage, play a pivotal role in synthesizing the intricate matrix of cartilage, thereby assuming a critical responsibility in facilitating its renewal and repair processes.

Vascular volume changes in radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: This research primarily focuses on exploring the changes in intrapulmonary vascular volume (IPVV) in radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), thereby inferring the possible mechanisms of the co-occurrence of diabetes and UIP patterns.

Methods: Thin-layer data were post-processed on the basis of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and quantitatively assessed for IPVV. Changes in IPVV were compared between T2DM combined with UIP modality and T2DM non-UIP modality.

Novel models by machine learning to predict the risk of cardiac disease-specific death in young patients with breast cancer.

Background: With the tremendous leap of various adjuvant therapies, breast cancer (BC)-related deaths have decreased significantly. Increasing attention was focused on the effect of cardiac disease on BC survivors, while limited existing population-based studies lay emphasis on the young age population.

Method: Data of BC patients aged less than 50 years was collected from the SEER database.

Characteristics of the gut microbiota and the effect of in very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease patients with IL10RA mutations.

Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a distinct subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by onset before the age of 6 years, and patients often exhibit more severe clinical features. Interleukin 10 receptor alpha (IL10RA) is a hotspot mutation in the Chinese population and is associated with a poor prognosis closely linked to the onset of IBD. However, limited knowledge exists regarding how the IL10RA mutation influences the host microbiota and its role in disease development.

A Novel Genetic Variation Identified in Patients With Orofacial Clefts.

Background: Orofacial clefts represent the most prevalent form of craniomaxillofacial deformity. Genetic factors are particularly significant in the development of orofacial clefts. This study was to investigate genetic variation in patients with orofacial clefts.

Causal evidence of the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in European and East Asian populations: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several studies have documented the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, causal relationships between the two conditions remain unconfirmed. This study aims to assess the causal relationships between OSA and PCOS.