The origin and transmission of HIV-1 CRF80_0107 among two major first-tier cities in China.

Background: CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC are the two most prevalent HIV-1 genotypes in China, and the co-circulation of these two genotypes has led to the continuous generation of CRF_0107 viruses in recent years. However, little is known about the origin and spread of CRF_0107 viruses thus far. This study focused on HIV-1 CRF80_0107, which we previously identified among the MSM population in Beijing and Hebei Province, to explore the demographic distribution, transmission links, and temporal-spatial evolutionary features of the HIV-1 CRF80_0107 strain in China.

Click chemistry-driven asymmetrically modified superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic gelatin sponge for improved dry socket prophylaxis.

Dry socket, a common painful complication after tooth extraction, is typically caused by improper blood clot formation or its premature dislodgement, often exacerbated by bacterial infections. Traditional gelatin sponges, widely used as clinical fillers, provide favorable biocompatibility and hemostatic support but suffer from suboptimal hemostatic efficiency, lack of antimicrobial properties, and insufficient anticoagulant factors, which increase the risk of dry socket. Addressing these limitations, a novel tannic acid cross-linked gelatin sponge has been developed using directional lyophilization.

High-fat diet and neuroinflammation: The role of mitochondria.

In recent years, increasing evidence has supported that high-fat diet (HFD) can induce the chronic, low-grade neuroinflammation in the brain, which is closely associated with the impairment of cognitive function. As the key organelles responsible for energy metabolism in the cell, mitochondria are believed to involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological disorders. This review summarizes the current progress in the field of the relationship between HFD exposure and neurodegenerative diseases, and outline the major routines of HFD induced neuroinflammation and its pathological significance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

The molecular receptor NKBB enhances the persistence and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of GPC3 CAR-T cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have encouraging results in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T therapy still faces numerous challenges against solid tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), owing to heterogeneous antigen expression in tumor cells, limited persistence of CAR-T cells, etc. Therefore, to treat HCC more effectively, we connected the molecular receptor NKBB to a second-generation glypican-3 (GPC3) CAR to construct GC3328z-NKBB CAR-T cells, which have double specific targets of GPC3 and NKG2DLs (natural killer group 2, member D ligands), dual co-stimulation of CD28 and 41BB, and a single CD3ζ chain.

Intranasal Administrations of AP39-Loaded Liposomes Selectively Deliver H2S to Neuronal Mitochondria to Protect Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia by Targeting ERK1/2 and Caspase-1.

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathology of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain damage by aberrant production of ROS. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects through antioxidant mechanisms. However, the diffusion of HS is not specifically targeted and may even be systemically toxic.

Gaudichaudione H Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Disulfidptosis via Regulating NRF2-SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway.

Gaudichaudione H (GH) is a naturally occurring small molecular compound derived from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae), but the full pharmacological functions remain unclear. Herein, the potential of GH in disulfidptosis regulation, a novel form of programmed cell death induced by disulfide stress is explored.

L-shape technique with concentrated growth factor for horizontal bone defects in the maxillary anterior region: a clinical and radiographic study.

Objectives: To study the clinical effect of the L-shape technique combined with concentrated growth factor on the horizontal bone defects of maxillary anterior teeth.

Methods: Twenty-five implants from 25 patients who underwent single maxillary anterior tooth implantation with simultaneous bone grafting were selected as the study subjects. Based on the bone grafting techniques, the patients were divided into a test group (L-shaped technique with guided bone regeneration combined with concentrated growth factor, 11 cases) and a control group (traditional guided bone regeneration combined with concentrated growth factor, 14 cases).

Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 regulates the differentiation of mouse skin fibroblasts by downregulating α-SMA expression via suppression of high mobility group AT-hook 1 to promote skin wound repair.

Background: Skin innervation is very important for normal wound healing, and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) has been reported to modulate calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor function and thus be a potential treatment target. This study aimed to elucidate the intricate regulatory effect of RAMP1 on skin fibroblast function, thereby addressing the existing knowledge gap in this area.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to measure the dynamic changes in the expression of RAMP1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in skin wound tissue in mice.

Spatially-resolved characterization of the metabolic and -glycan alterations in colorectal cancer using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and its development typically involves complex metabolic reprogramming. By mapping the spatial distributions of metabolites and -glycans in heterogeneous colorectal cancer tissues, we can elucidate cancer-associated metabolic and -glycan changes. Herein, we combine mass spectrometry imaging-based metabolomics and -glycomics to characterize the spatially resolved reprogramming of metabolites and -glycans in colorectal cancer tissues.

Multifunctional Nanozyme with Aptamer-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen.

The adsorption of DNA probes onto nanomaterials represents a promising bioassay technique, generally employing fluorescence or catalytic activity to generate signals. A significant challenge is maintaining the catalytic activity of chromogenic catalysts during detection while enhancing accuracy by overcoming the limitations of single-signal transmission. This article presents an innovative multimodal analysis approach that synergistically combines the oxidase-like activity of Fe-N-C nanozyme (Fe-NC) with red fluorescent carbon quantum dots (R-CQDs), further advancing the dual-mode analysis method utilizing R-CQDs@Fe-NC.

FLT3 is associated with dendritic cell infiltration, tertiary lymphoid structure construction, and predict response to checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in solid cancers.

The crosstalk between cancers and the immune microenvironment plays a critical role in malignant progression. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a frequently mutated gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its role in solid cancers remains poorly understood.

Effect of polypropylene microplastics on the performance of membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) can effectively remove microplastics (MPs) because of their good rejection performance. However, the influence of MP concentration and particle size on the short-term and long-term operation efficiency of MBRs remains unclear. To address this issue, this study investigated the effects of short-term stress and long-term accumulation of polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs) with different particle sizes on the operational efficiency of MBRs by running three MBR systems at four concentration stages.

Relationship Between Sleep Time and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese: Mediating Role of Body Pain.

Objective: Existing research has yet to adequately examine the correlation between sleep time, body pain, and depressive symptoms. This study seeks to elucidate the interconnections between these three elements.

Methods: The study used 2020 CHARLS data for analysis.

Bilateral synchronous UBE for unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression as a potentially effective minimally Invasive approach for two-level lumbar spinal stenosis.

Currently, Unilateral biportal endoscopy is widely used in the surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. To investigate the feasibility of bilateral synchronous UBE to unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression(BS-UBE-ULBD) for treating two-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Sixty-four patients with two-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) treated with BS-UBE-ULBD from October 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.

A type of cryptic epitope-binding antibody on SARS-CoV-2 RBD retains the neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants and sarbecoviruses.

The continuing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has posed a great challenge to vaccination strategies. Therefore, the development of broad-spectrum protective antibodies and universal vaccines remains urgently needed. In this study, we isolated two broadly neutralizing mAbs, nCoV-R48 and nCoV-R70, from a vaccinated person.

G-protein coupled receptor GPR124 protects against podocyte senescence and injury in diabetic kidney disease.

Although emerging studies highlight the pivotal role of podocyte senescence in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and aging-related kidney diseases, therapeutic strategies for preventing podocyte senescence are still lacking. Here, we identified a previously unrecognized role of GPR124, a novel adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, in maintaining podocyte structure and function by regulation of cellular senescence in DKD. Podocyte GPR124 was significantly reduced in db/db diabetic (a type 2 diabetic mouse model) and streptozocin-induced diabetic mice (a type 1 diabetic model), which was further confirmed in kidney biopsies from patients with DKD.

Benchmarking multi-omics integrative clustering methods for subtype identification in colorectal cancer.

Background And Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a heterogeneous malignancy that has concerned global burden of incidence and mortality. The traditional tumor-node-metastasis staging system has exhibited certain limitations. With the advancement of omics technologies, researchers are directing their focus on developing a more precise multi-omics molecular classification.

Spontaneous immobilization of single atom in NbCT MXene as excellent nanozyme for detecting and preventing gastric mucosal injury.

Early diagnosis and treatment of gastric mucosal injury is crucial to prevent further gastritis and even canceration. As an efficient biocatalyst, single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) is proposed to be an ideal candidate for the construction of multifunctional platforms. Nevertheless, SAzyme still faces challenges in detecting and treating diseases due to the complexity of preparation methods, limitations of enzyme activity, and undesirable biocompatibility.

The roles and therapeutic potential of exosomal non-coding RNAs in microglia-mediated intercellular communication.

Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), serve as versatile regulators of intercellular communication in the progression of various diseases, including neurological disorders. Among the diverse array of cargo they carry, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key regulatory roles in various pathophysiological processes. Exosomal ncRNAs derived from distinct cells modulate their reciprocal crosstalk locally or remotely, thereby mediating neurological diseases.

Oleandrin inhibits osteoclast differentiation by targeting the LRP4/MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway to treat osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a common inflammation-related disease in which the release of proinflammatory cytokines promotes bone loss. Oleandrin is a monomer compound extracted from the leaves of the Nerium oleander plant, has been shown to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on a variety of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in osteoporosis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Utilizing a Novel Convolutional Neural Network for Diagnosis and Lesion Delineation in Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Early detection of colorectal cancer is vital for enhancing cure rates and alleviating treatment burdens. Nevertheless, the high demand for screenings coupled with a limited number of endoscopists underscores the necessity for advanced deep learning techniques to improve screening efficiency and accuracy. This study presents an innovative convolutional neural network (CNN) model, trained on 8260 images from screenings conducted at four medical institutions.

DPP4, a potential tumor biomarker, and tumor therapeutic target: review.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a serine protease widely distributed in membrane-bound and soluble forms in various tissues and organs throughout the body. DPP4 plays a role in inflammation, immune regulation, cell growth, migration and differentiation. The role of DPP4 in tumors has garnered increasing attention.

PRMT6 promotes colorectal cancer progress via activating MYC signaling.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global health challenge, with high rates of incidence and mortality. This study investigates the role of protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) as an oncogene in CRC and its mechanistic involvement in tumor progression. We found that PRMT6 is significantly overexpressed in CRC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues and is associated with poorer patient survival.

Focal Adhesion Regulation as a Strategy against Kidney Fibrosis.

Chronic kidney fibrosis poses a significant global health challenge with effective therapeutic strategies remaining elusive. While cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are known to drive fibrosis progression, the specific role of focal adhesions (FAs) in kidney fibrosis is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of FAs in kidney tubular epithelial cell fibrosis by employing precise nanogold patterning to modulate integrin distribution.