Water Microdroplets Promote Spontaneous Oxidation of Amino Acid- and Peptide-related Thiols to Disulfide Bonds.

Disulfide bonds (S-S) play a critical role in modern biochemistry, organic synthesis and prebiotic chemistry. Traditional methods for synthesizing disulfide bonds often rely on oxygen, alkali, and metal catalysts. Herein, thiol groups involved in amino acids and peptides were spontaneously converted into symmetrical and unsymmetrical disulfide bonds within water microdroplets, without the need for catalysts or oxygen, and under room temperature.

Description of Hyphococcus formosus sp. nov. and Hyphococcus lacteus sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment, and reclassification of Marinicaulis flavus as Hyphococcus luteus nom. nov. and Marinicaulis aureus as Hyphococcus aureus comb. nov.

During a study on sediment bacterial diversity in coastal China, three bacterial strains, DH-69, EH-24, and ECK-19, were isolated from coastal sediments off Xiaoshi Island, Weihai. These strains were Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, and coccoid to rod-shaped with prosthecae and flagella. Comparison of the 16S rRNA gene showed that they shared the highest identity values with Hyphococcus flavus MCCC 1K03223 (96.

Describing five new strains in the family Woeseiaceae and emended description of the order Woeseiales with genomic features related to environmental adaptation.

The family Woeseiaceae, also known as the JTB255 bacterial group, are ubiquitous and abundant core members of microbial communities in marine surface sediments. However, to date, only one Woeseiaceae strain isolated from marine sediments has been described, and the phylogeny and environmental adaptation mechanisms of this group have been little explored. Here, we isolated five novel Woeseiaceae strains from the marine solar saltern in Weihai, China.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from marine environment, and reclassification of two species of the genus as species of the genus .

Two Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from coastal sediments and salt marshes in Weihai, China, and designated as SDUM158017 and SDUM158016, respectively. Both grew at temperatures ranging from 20 to 43°C and within a pH range of 6.0 to 9.

Description of the first marine-isolated member of the under-represented phylum , and the environmental distribution and ecogenomics of ord. nov.

The phylum is widespread but rarely cultured and, in fact, there are only six described species isolated from soil, freshwater, and wastewater treatment. However, no isolates of from marine environment have been described; thus, little is known about the physiology and metabolism of members of the marine lineages. In this study, four novel facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains belonging to were isolated from marine sediments collected from Xiaoshi Island in Weihai, China, using an aerobic enrichment method.

Protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid binding site prediction via interpretable hierarchical geometric deep learning.

Identification of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid binding sites provides insights into biological processes related to protein functions and technical guidance for disease diagnosis and drug design. However, accurate predictions by computational approaches remain highly challenging due to the limited knowledge of residue binding patterns. The binding pattern of a residue should be characterized by the spatial distribution of its neighboring residues combined with their physicochemical information interaction, which yet cannot be achieved by previous methods.

Polar Covalent Triazine Frameworks as High-Performance Potassium Metal Battery Cathodes.

The exploration of potassium metal batteries (PMBs) has been intensified, leveraging potassium's abundant availability, low redox potential, and small Stokes radius. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) stand out for their accessible nitrogen sites and customizable structures, making them attractive electrode materials. Nonetheless, there is a lack of established design principles to guide the development of high-performance PMBs using CTFs.

Tunicate cellulose nanocrystals strengthened injectable stretchable hydrogel as multi-responsive enhanced antibacterial wound dressing for promoting diabetic wound healing.

The intricate microenvironment of diabetic wounds characterized by hyperglycemia, intense oxidative stress, persistent bacterial infection and complex pH fluctuations hinders the healing process. Herein, an injectable multifunctional hydrogel (QPT) was developed, which exhibited excellent mechanical performance and triple responsiveness to pH, temperature, and glucose due to dynamic covalent cross-linking involving dynamic Schiff base bonds and phenylboronate esters with phenylboronic-modified quaternized chitosan (QCS-PBA), polydopamine coated tunicate cellulose crystals (PDA@TCNCs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Furthermore, the hydrogels can incorporate insulin (INS) drugs to adapt to the complex and variable wound environment in diabetic patients for on-demand drug release that promote diabetic wound healing.

Tunicate cellulose nanocrystal reinforced multifunctional hydrogel with super flexible, fatigue resistant, antifouling and self-adhesive capability for effective wound healing.

Hydrogels as skin wound dressings have been extensively studied owing to their good flexibility and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the mechanical performance, adhesive capability, antifouling and antibacterial properties of conventional hydrogels are still unsatisfactory, which hinder the application of hydrogel for cutaneous healing. Here, we developed a novel biocompatible multifunctional hydrogel with super flexible, fatigue resistant, antifouling and self-adhesive capability for effective wound healing, where naturally rigid polymers including quaternized chitosan (QCS) and Tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs) are used as bioactive cross-linkers and reinforcers to endow the hydrogel with excellent mechanical and antibacterial property, and the synergistic contributions from the poly(acrylic acid/methacrylate anhydride dopamine/sulfobetaine methacrylate) (poly(AA/DMA/SBMA)) chains and QCS endow the hydrogel with excellent adhesive property, antioxidant, antifouling and pH-responsive sustained drug release capabilities.

sp. nov., an iron-reducing bacterium isolated from mangrove sediment.

A novel facultatively anaerobic and Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated FJH33, was isolated from mangrove sediment sampled in Zhangzhou, PR China. Cells of strain FJH33 were rod-shaped or slightly curved-shaped, with widths of 0.3-0.

Cultivating the uncultured: Harnessing the "sandwich agar plate" approach to isolate heme-dependent bacteria from marine sediment.

In the classical microbial isolation technique, the isolation process inevitably destroys all microbial interactions and thus makes it difficult to culture the many microorganisms that rely on these interactions for survival. In this study, we designed a simple coculture technique named the "sandwich agar plate method," which maintains microbial interactions throughout the isolation and pure culture processes. The total yield of uncultured species in sandwich agar plates based on eight helper strains was almost 10-fold that of the control group.

Endovascular Therapy for Basilar Artery Occlusion in Sudden Onset to Maximal Deficit Ischemic Events.

Background: The presence of sudden onset to maximal deficit (SOTMD) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion often results in more severe outcomes. However, the effect of endovascular therapy on SOTMD and whether the outcome is affected by onset-to-puncture time remain unclear.

Methods And Results: This retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the prospective BASILAR (Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study Registry).

Research on improving the accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis by considering plasma attenuation rate characteristics.

Background: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is widely applied in various fields, but accuracy issues limit its further development. Signal uncertainty is the main reason that affects the accuracy of LIBS measurements, but the signal uncertainty caused by different plasmas exhibiting different radiation attenuation rates during the integration time is often neglected. There is a need for a method to correct LIBS signals by quantifying the radiation attenuation rate.

Development and Validation of a Bayesian Network-Based Model for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease Risk From Electronic Health Records.

Background: Traditional risk evaluation models have been applied to guide public health and clinical practice in various studies. However, the application of existing methods to data sets with missing and censored data, as is often the case in electronic health records, requires additional considerations. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model that exhibits high performance with data sets that contain missing and censored data.

MXene-Derived Na -Pillared Vanadate Cathodes for Dendrite-Free Potassium Metal Batteries.

Cation-intercalated vanadates, which have considerable promise as the cathode for high-performance potassium metal batteries (PMBs), suffer from structural collapse upon K insertion and desertion. Exotic cations in the vanadate cathode may ease the collapse, yet their effect on the intrinsic cation remains speculative. Herein, a stable and dendrite-free PMB, composed of a Na and K co-intercalated vanadate (NKVO) cathode and a liquid NaK alloy anode, is presented.

Using optimal transport theory to optimize a deep convolutional neural network microscopic cell counting method.

Medical image processing has become increasingly important in recent years, particularly in the field of microscopic cell imaging. However, accurately counting the number of cells in an image can be a challenging task due to the significant variations in cell size and shape. To tackle this problem, many existing methods rely on deep learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to count cells in an image or use regression counting methods to learn the similarities between an input image and a predicted cell image density map.

Pathogenic bacteria defense and complement activation function analysis of Collectin-10 from Hexagrammos otakii.

With the tremendous success of the artificial breeding of Hexagrammos otakii, the yield has been substantially improved. However, intensive farming often results in bacterial diseases; hence it is imperative to find new antimicrobial molecules. In the present study, we identified a homologous cDNA fragment of collectin-10 from H.

The evolutionary history of hepaciviruses.

In the search for natural reservoirs of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a broad diversity of non-human viruses within the genus has been uncovered. However, the evolutionary dynamics that shaped the diversity and timescale of hepaciviruses evolution remain elusive. To gain further insights into the origins and evolution of this genus, we screened a large dataset of wild mammal samples ( 1,672) from Africa and Asia, and generated 34 full-length hepacivirus genomes.

Longitudinal Prediction of Postnatal Brain Magnetic Resonance Images via a Metamorphic Generative Adversarial Network.

Missing scans are inevitable in longitudinal studies due to either subject dropouts or failed scans. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework to predict missing scans from acquired scans, catering to longitudinal infant studies. Prediction of infant brain MRI is challenging owing to the rapid contrast and structural changes particularly during the first year of life.

Injectable, self-healable and antibacterial multi-responsive tunicate cellulose nanocrystals strengthened supramolecular hydrogels for wound dressings.

Wound dressing with an improved structural and functional recapitulation of damaged organs, efficient self-healing and antibacterial properties that can well integrate with tissue are urgently needed in wound management. Supramolecular hydrogels confer control over structural properties in a reversible, dynamic and biomimetic fashion. Herein, a kind of injectable, self-healing and antibacterial supramolecular hydrogel with multi-responses were fabricated by mixing phenylazo-terminated Pluronic F127, quaternized chitosan-graft-cyclodextrin and polydopamine coated tunicate cellulose nanocrystals under physiological conditions.

Improvement of the UV-resistance capability of fish gelatin-oxidized starch film via inserting mycosporine-like amino acids.

Background: Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are known as the strongest solar guardians in nature.

Results: In the present study, the extraction of MAAs from dried Pyropia haitanensis was achieved. Fish gelatin and oxidized starch composite films embedded with MAAs (0-0.