Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Modulation of Dopaminergic Midbrain Activity in Young Adults With Elevated Internet Gaming Disorder Risk: Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study provides preliminary evidence for real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) as a potential intervention approach for internet gaming disorder (IGD). In a preregistered, randomized, single-blind trial, young individuals with elevated IGD risk were trained to downregulate gaming addiction-related brain activity. We show that, after 2 sessions of neurofeedback training, participants successfully downregulated their brain responses to gaming cues, suggesting the therapeutic potential of rt-fMRI NF for IGD (Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.

Chromosome length genome assembly of the stone marten (Martes foina, Mustelidae): a new view on one of the cornerstones in carnivore cytogenetics.

The stone marten (Martes foina) is an important species for cytogenetic studies in the order Carnivora. ZooFISH probes created from its chromosomes provided a strong and clean signal in chromosome painting experiments and were valuable for studying the evolution of carnivoran genome architecture. The research revealed that the stone marten chromosome set is similar to the presumed ancestral karyotype of the Carnivora, which added an additional value for the species.

Tooth replacement of the filter-feeding pterosaur Forfexopterus and its implications for ecological adaptation.

A "comb-dentition", characterized by long, needle-like, and closely-spaced teeth, is found in the ctenochasmatid pterosaurs as an adaptation for filter-feeding. However, little is known about their tooth replacement pattern, hindering our understanding of the development of the filter-feeding apparatus of the clade. Here, we describe the tooth replacement of the pterosaur Forfexopterus from the Jehol Biota based on high-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction.

ChatGPT applications in academic writing: a review of potential, limitations, and ethical challenges.

This article systematically reviewed 327 documents in the core collection of the Web of Science database regarding ChatGPT applications in the writing domain. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the latest progress and potential applications. ChatGPT demonstrates significant potential in overcoming writing anxiety, improving writing efficiency, generating initial scientific papers, and assisting researchers and students in giving feedback.

Century-long West Antarctic snow accumulation changes induced by tropical teleconnections.

Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend.

Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} Cross Section at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV.

Using the e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, at center-of-mass energies from the threshold to 4.95 GeV, we present precise measurements of the cross section for the process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} using a single-tag method. The resulting cross section line shape exhibits several new structures, thereby offering an input for a future coupled-channel analysis and model tests, which are critical to understand vector charmonium-like states with masses between 4 and 5 GeV.

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

S100A8 regulates postoperative responses following tooth extraction in rats.

The reduction in alveolar ridge height and width after tooth extraction poses a substantial challenge for dental implant restoration. This study aimed to observe the roles of S100A8 in the inflammatory response and bone resorption following tooth extraction. Rat mandibular second molars were extracted.

2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione protects against MPP-induced neurotoxicity by ameliorating oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells.

2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DMDD) is a cyclohexanedione compound extracted from the roots of Averrhoa carambola L. Several studies have documented its beneficial effects on diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. However, its potential neuroprotective effects on Parkinson's disease (PD) have not yet been explored.

Formulation of Ethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Osthole Provides Long-Lasting Plant Protection against a Major Pest Mite.

The broader use of botanical pesticides has been limited by shorter residual activity on plants, slower onset of action, and higher costs compared with conventional pesticides. These challenges could be overcome by the development of simple, cost-effective, and long-lasting preventive nanocomposites for botanical pesticides. In this study, we successfully developed a low-cost ethyl cellulose (EC)-based delivery system for the botanical pesticide osthole (OST), designed to provide extended preventive protection against infestations.

Adipokines regulate the development and progression of MASLD through organellar oxidative stress.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is increasingly being recognized as a leading cause of chronic liver pathology globally, is increasing. The pathophysiological underpinnings of its progression, which is currently under active investigation, involve oxidative stress. Human adipose tissue, an integral endocrine organ, secretes an array of adipokines that are modulated by dietary patterns and lifestyle choices.

CTCs Detection Methods In Vivo and In Vitro and Their Application in Tumor Immunotherapy.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that detach from the primary tumor site and enter the bloodstream. They hold significant value for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of tumors. CTC detection methods can be classified into in vivo and in vitro techniques.

Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study aimed to investigate the correlation of the increased volume index of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with Hypertension (HTN). A total of 209 HTN patients and 50 healthy controls, who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at two medical centers in China between June 2015 and October 2024, were enrolled for this study. Postprocessing and imaging analysis were conducted and EAT measurements were performed.

Cell wall dynamic changes and signaling during plant lateral root development.

Lateral roots (LRs), are an important component of plant roots, playing a crucial role in anchoring the plant in the soil and facilitating the uptake of water and nutrients. As post-embryonic organs, LRs originate from the pericycle cells of the primary root, and their formation is characterized by precise regulation of cell division and complex intercellular interactions, both of which are closely tied to cell wall regulation. Considering the rapid advances in molecular techniques over the past three decades, we reframe the understanding of the dynamic change in cell wall during LR development by summarizing the factors that precipitate these changes and their effects, as well as the regulated signals involved.

Interfacial engineering-induced electronic state modulation in Ru/MoS heterostructures for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

In traditional binary heterojunction catalysts, mismatched energy band structures lead to higher electron transfer barriers. By reducing the work function difference a ternary Ru-RuS/MoS heterostructure, we developed a HER catalyst with remarkable activity (17 mV@10 mA cm) and excellent stability (300 h@500 mA cm).

Regulation of pattern recognition receptor signaling by palmitoylation.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), consisting of Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, cytosolic DNA sensors, and NOD-like receptors, sense exogenous pathogenic molecules and endogenous damage signals to maintain physiological homeostasis. Upon activation, PRRs stimulate the sensitization of nuclear factor κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, TANK-binding kinase 1-interferon (IFN) regulatory factor, and inflammasome signaling pathways to produce inflammatory factors and IFNs to activate Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways, resulting in anti-infection, antitumor, and other specific immune responses. Palmitoylation is a crucial type of post-translational modification that reversibly alters the localization, stability, and biological activity of target molecules.

The Prognostic Value of Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Lenvatinib Combined with PD-1 Inhibitors.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of inflammatory indexes based on peripheral blood cells in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with Lenvatinib combined with PD-1 inhibitors.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected baseline inflammatory indexes from HCC patients received Lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor-based combination therapy at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between October 2018 and October 2021. The optimal threshold values for inflammatory indexes determined using X-tile.

Health information analysis of cryptorchidism-related short videos: Analyzing quality and reliability.

Objective: Cryptorchidism is a common congenital anomaly in children. Short video content has increased awareness and urged timely intervention, but there is a lack of understanding about the quality and reliability of these videos. This survey assesses the quality and credibility of cryptorchidism-related videos on Chinese short video platforms to ensure accurate information for caregivers and healthcare professionals.

Surface immobilization of single atoms on heteroatom-doped carbon nanospheres through phenolic-mediated interfacial anchoring for highly efficient biocatalysis.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) dispersed on support materials exhibit exceptional catalytic properties that can be fine-tuned through interactions between the single atoms and the support. However, selectively controlling the spatial location of single metal atoms while simultaneously harmonizing their coordination environment remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a phenolic-mediated interfacial anchoring (PIA) strategy to prepare SACs with Fe single atoms anchored on the surface of heteroatom-doped carbon nanospheres.

Therapeutic potential of rutin in premenstrual depression: evidence from and studies.

Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a cyclical mood disorder that severely affects the daily life of women of reproductive age. Most of the medications being used clinically have limitations such as low efficacy, side effects, and high cost, so there is an urgent need to discover safer and more effective medications. Rutin is a natural flavonol glycoside with various pharmacological properties including antidepressant.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a key frontier for future targeted therapies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, accounting for approximately 70% of dementia cases worldwide. Patients gradually exhibit cognitive decline, such as memory loss, aphasia, and changes in personality and behavior. Research has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the onset and progression of AD.

CARP VIII antibody-related autoimmune cerebellar ataxia in a child after infection: a case report.

Autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) is a cerebellar syndrome induced by autoimmune reactions and its onset is induced by malignant tumors, prodromic infection, and gluten allergy. Its clinical symptoms include gait disorder, limb ataxia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. According to , the diagnosis of ACA is based on the following points: 1.

Platelet count and retinopathy of prematurity, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between platelet count (PLT) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with the goal of identifying a straightforward screening method for the early detection of ROP.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2005 to 26 September 2023.

Acute effects of tissue flossing on boxers with chronic knee pain.

Objectives: To explore the acute intervention effects of tissue flossing on chronic knee pain (CKP) in boxers.

Methods: Eighteen boxers with CKP (12 male/6 female) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) with tissue flossing (n = 9) and a control group (CG) (n = 9). The visual analog scale (VAS), Lysholm knee function score, flexion range of motion (ROM), maximal isometric extensor muscle strength, and stability of the knee were measured pre- and post-intervention (EG: 3-minute tissue flossing, CG: rest).