[Mechanism for sperm immobilization activity of extract from Platycodon grandiflorum in vitro].

Objective: To explore the mechanism of spermicidal effect of crude extract and platycodin-D from Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) root in vitro.

Methods: Between February 2006 and December 2009, 38 fertile and healthy adult males were selected as donors. PG root was extracted and platycodin-D purified.

[Measurement of sperm DNA integrity by sperm chromatin dispersion test and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay].

Objective: To compare the effects of sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay in assessing the DNA fragmentation in human sperm.

Methods: Motile sperms were isolated from the semen samples obtained from 20 healthy fertile men and 32 clinically infertile patients by swim-up technique, and underwent SCD and TUNEL to analyze the DNA fragmentation.

Results: The rate of sperm with DNA damage of the infertile patients was 12.

[Analysis of sperm chromosomal abnormalities and sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile males].

Objective: To investigate changes in sperm chromosome and sperm DNA integrity of infertile males.

Methods: The level of DNA fragmentation was determined by Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) test in infertile males with idiopathic severe oligoasthenozoospermia (ISOA, n= 19), couples with unexplained recurrent miscarriage (URM, n= 38) and adult healthy fertile men (control group, n= 32). Multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed with probes specific for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y in the control group (n= 5), the ISOA (n= 10) and the URM (n= 12).

Restoration of fertility in vasectomized men using percutaneous vasal or epididymal sperm aspiration.

Objective: To restore fertility of vasectomized men using percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration (PVSA) via intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Patients: Twenty-eight vasectomized men who required restoration of their fertility with PESA, PVSA and IUI.

Results: Of 28 vasectomy reversal subjects, 16 cycles of IUI using vasal sperm by percutaneous aspiration were performed in 16 subjects and 6 pregnancies were achieved.

Successful pregnancy and birth after intrauterine insemination using caput epididymal sperm by percutaneous aspiration.

Aim: To manage male infertility with obstructive azoospermia by means of percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Methods: Ninety azoospermic patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (BAVD, n=58) or bilateral caudal epididymal obstruction (BCEO, n=32) requesting for fine needle aspiration (FNA), PESA and IUI were recruited. The obstruction was diagnosed by vasography and determination of the fructose, carnitine and alpha-glucosidase levels in the seminal fluid.

Percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration and intrauterine insemination for infertile males with anejaculation.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration (PVSA) in combination with intrauterine insemination (IUI) to treat infertile men with anejaculation.

Design: Clinical study.

Setting: Department of reproductive endocrinology and andrology of a family planning research clinic.

[Study on the relationship between first ovulation and infant feeding in lactating postpartum women].

Objective: To determine the first ovulation after delivery and to provide scientific data for contraception in lactating postpartum women.

Methods: From January 1996 to December 1998, 101 lactating women were continuously monitored of their ovulation by ultrasound, basal body temperature (BBT) measurement and cervical mucus examination.

Results: The evidences of first ovulation (follicle > 1.