Optimization of combined microwave and hot air drying technology for purple cabbage by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Purple cabbage is one of the world's most widely consumed vegetables with high nutritional values containing the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activity of anthocyanins, vitamins, and minerals. But due to rapid postharvest quality decay, novel processing techniques including drying are required. In order to determine the conditions of combined microwave and hot air drying for purple cabbage, factors affecting the drying process including microwave density, hot air temperature, and the dry base water content at conversion point were investigated using the anthocyanin content, DPPH antioxidant capacity, chewiness, , rehydration ratio, and average drying rate as responses.

Effects of microwave treatment on the stability and antioxidant capacity of a functional wheat bran.

A functional wheat bran (FWB) was obtained from wheat grains that were rich in wheat aleurone. The effects of the microwave (MW) power (2.5, 5.

Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species of from Yunnan, China.

Species of have often been reported as plant pathogens, endophytes or saprobes, commonly isolated from a wide range of plant hosts. Sixteen strains isolated from species of ten host genera in Yunnan Province, China, represented three new species of , , and as well as five known species , , , and . Morphological comparisons with known species and DNA-based phylogenies based on the analysis of a multigene (ITS, TUB, TEF, CAL and HIS) dataset support the establishment of the new species.

Formation pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in butane or butadiene flames.

The reaction pathways from phenyl radicals to phenanthrene (A) and pyrene (A) CH and CH additions were investigated using the G3(MP2, CC) method. Rate constants of elementary reactions were calculated. The influence of additions, H-abstraction ways and reactive sites on the reaction rates were considered.

Morphological and molecular identification of species in south-western China, with description of eight new species.

species have often been reported as plant pathogens, endophytes and saprophytes, commonly isolated from a wide range of infected plant hosts. In the present study, twenty strains obtained from leaf spots of twelve host plants in Yunnan Province of China were isolated. Based on a combination of morphology, culture characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (), -tubulin (), calmodulin (), and histone () genes, these strains were identified as eight new species: , , , , , , , and two previously described species, and .

Generation of particle assemblies mimicking enzymatic activity by processing of herbal food: the case of rhizoma polygonati and other natural ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.

Processed herbs have been widely used in eastern and western medicine; however, the mechanism of their medicinal effects has not yet been revealed. It is commonly believed that a central role is played by chemically active molecules produced by the herbs' metabolism. In this work, processed rhizoma polygonati (RP) and other herbal foods are shown to exhibit intrinsic phosphatase-like (PL) activity bounded with the formation of nano-size flower-shaped assembly.

Effect of water bath-assisted water extraction on physical and chemical properties of soybean oil body emulsion.

Soybean oil body (SOB), rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and biologically active substances, is used as a natural emulsifier in food processing. In addition, SOB is healthier than synthetic emulsifiers. However, the physical and chemical properties of the SOB emulsion directly affect its application in food processing.

Lignin-Modified Electronegative Epoxy Resin Nanocarriers Effectively Deliver Pesticides against Plant Root-Knot Nematodes ().

It is highly desirable to fabricate a pesticide delivery system with excellent permeability to reduce the damage caused by root-knot nematodes in the soil. In this work, a novel electronegative pesticide nanocarrier was established by bonding anionic lignosulfonate with epoxy resin nanocarriers, which were loaded with abamectin (Aba). The results demonstrated that nanoparticles were negatively charged (-38.

Two new species of from in south-western China.

species have often been reported as plant pathogens and saprophytes and are commonly isolated from some diseased plant hosts. The primary aim of the present study was to describe and illustrate two new species isolated from the leaf spot of in Yunnan Province, China, namely and , spp. nov.

2D black phosphorus and tungsten trioxide heterojunction for enhancing photocatalytic performance in visible light.

A novel, efficient and stable 2D black phosphorus and tungsten trioxide heterojunction (WO-BPNs) was successfully synthesized using a combined hydrothermal, liquid phase exfoliating and co-precipitation method. The as-obtained WO-BPNs composite was characterized by using XRD, SEM, XPS, UV-vis, The results showed that the bandgap energy of the WO-BPNs50 sample was 2.2 eV, which was lower than that of pure WO.

Growth responses and physiological and biochemical changes in five ornamental plants grown in urban lead-contaminated soils.

An increasing concentration of lead (Pb) in urban contaminated soil due to anthropogenic activities has been a global issue threatening human health. The use of urban ornamental plants as phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil is a new choice. In the present experiment, the physiological and biochemical response of five ornamental plants to increase in concentrations of CHOPb·HO in the soil were measured to investigate these plans' Pb tolerance strategies and abilities.

[Simultaneous determination of aflatoxin B_1,B_2,G_1,G_2,M_1,M_2 in Eupolyphaga Steleophaga by immunoaffinity column clean-up and HPLC-FLD with post-column photochemical derivatization].

The contamination of aflatoxin B_1,B_2,G_1,G_2,M_1 and M_2 in Eupolyphaga Steleophaga was determined by immunoaffinity column clean-up and HPLC-FLD with post-column photochemical derivatization. Chromatographic separations were carried out using a Cloversil C_(18) column( 4. 6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) that were eluted in isocratic with methanol-acetonitrile-water( 20 ∶ 20 ∶ 60) as the mobile phase.

[Analysis and health risk assessment of aflatoxin B_1 residue in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen].

This study aimed to analyze the residues of aflatoxin B_1( AFB_1) in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from different producing areas and to assess the health risk of aflatoxin B_1 residue based on the obtained data. A total of 72 samples of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from different areas were detected by IAC-HPLC-FLD. Based on the data of AFB_1 pollution,a probabilistic assessment model with Monte Carlo simulation was developed.

Visible light driven photo-reduction of Cu to CuO to Cu in water for photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Metal nanoparticles are synthesized various methods and have found many applications in areas such as sensing, electronics and catalysis. Light induced formation of noble metal nanoparticles, especially platinum, in solution or loaded on semiconductor surfaces, is an established practice in photocatalysis. Nevertheless, preparation of catalytically-active non-precious metal nanoparticles photo-reduction still have room to be further explored.

Visual detection of based on asymmetric recombinase polymerase amplification and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme.

A one-step and instrument-free visual method was established based on asymmetric recombinase polymerase amplification coupled with hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme for the detection of .

Identification of plant hormones and candidate hub genes regulating flag leaf senescence in wheat response to water deficit stress at the grain-filling stage.

In order to clarify the transcriptional regulatory network and physiological mechanisms governing leaf senescence response to drought stress in wheat, experiments were performed using two wheat varieties with contrasting drought tolerance: Fu287 (F287, a drought-sensitive genotype) and Shannong20 (SN20, a drought-resistant genotype). The latter has higher SPAD values, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), zeatin (Z), zeatin riboside (ZR), and gibberellin (GA ) content as well as higher expression levels of , , ,,, and under various water deficit conditions. Conjoint analysis of physiological and biochemical indicators and transcriptome data by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the present study provides a useful genomic and molecular resource for studying drought adaptation in wheat.

The Enigmatic Roles of PPR-SMR Proteins in Plants.

The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein family, with more than 400 members, is one of the largest and most diverse protein families in land plants. A small subset of PPR proteins contain a C-terminal small MutS-related (SMR) domain. Although there are relatively few PPR-SMR proteins, they play essential roles in embryo development, chloroplast biogenesis and gene expression, and plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling.

Content variations in compositions and volatile component in jujube fruits during the blacking process.

Dried jujube () was incubated at high temperature and humidity for 96 hr in blacking process and sampled every 12 hr. Results showed that the saccharose reduced from 195.6 to 3.

Tunable thermal, mechanical, and controlled-release properties of epoxy phenolic novolac resin microcapsules mediated by diamine crosslinkers.

Diverse shell structures can endow microcapsules (MCs) with a variety of properties. In this study, four kinds of MCs encapsulated with epoxy phenolic novolac resin (EPN) were obtained using diamines as crosslinkers. The FTIR and CLSM confirmed that the EPN-shell was successfully synthesized.

Fitness costs associated with acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase mutations endowing herbicide resistance in American sloughgrass ( Steud.).

Weed resistance to herbicide can be conferred by gene mutations, and some mutations can cause pleiotropic effects in some cases. We investigated the pleiotropic effects associated with five specific ACCase mutations (Ile1781Leu, Trp2027Cys, Ile2041Asn, Asp2078Gly, and Gly2096Ala) on the plant growth, seed production, and resource competitiveness in American sloughgrass.Resistant plants (M/M) homozygous for specific ACCase mutation and susceptible wild-type plants (W/W) were derived from single heterozygous mother plant (M/W) by genotyping.

Development of online-storage inner-recycling counter-current chromatography for the preparative separation of complex components of alkylphenols from sarcotesta of L.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) is becoming an effective and non-absorptive separation method from natural products. Due to the insufficient separation efficiency, it is challenging to separate complex components, especially for compounds with similar values. In this study, a novel and effective online-storage inner-recycling CCC method was used to separate alkylphenols from the sarcotesta of L.

Efficient alkaloid capture from water using a charged porous organic polymer.

Berberine hydrochloride (BH), an important alkaloid, can be captured from water and released in organic solution circularly by a charged porous polymer (TPB-HCP), which is hypercross-linked using the cost-effective Friedel-Crafts reaction using sodium tetraphenylborate as the monomer. With high BET surface area, hierarchical porous structure and charged characteristics, TPB-HCP displays excellent adsorption capacity for BH owing to the synergistic effects of size matching and electrostatic interaction.

The animal nuclear factor Y: an enigmatic and important heterotrimeric transcription factor.

Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a heterotrimeric transcription factor with the ability to bind to CCAAT boxes in nearly all eukaryotes and has long been a topic of interest since it is first identified. In plants, due to each subunit of NF-Y is encoded by multiple gene families, there are a wide variety NF-Y complex combinations that fulfill many pivotal functions. However, the animal NF-Y complex usually has only one type of combination, as each subunit is generally encoded by a single gene.