Assessing the predictive value of elevated triglycerides, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and TG/HDL ratios for cardiovascular disease and mortality during 20 years of follow-up: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, influenced by a complex interplay of risk factors including lipid disorders and insulin resistance (IR). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio have emerged as potential indicators for assessing cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of hypertriglyceridemia, the TyG index, and the TG/HDL ratio for mortality and CVD occurrence within an Iranian population.

Intraocular Pressure Changes After Rhinoplasty: A Before-and-After Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Rhinoplasty, a prevalent cosmetic surgery, often involves lateral osteotomy, which can lead to ocular complications such as edema and ecchymosis. A potential complication is increased intraocular pressure (IOP) postoperatively. This study aims to investigate the impact of lateral osteotomy during rhinoplasty on IOP in patients.

The impact of threshold-loaded inspiratory muscle training and respiratory biofeedback on preserving inspiratory muscle strength and vital capacity after CABG: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Postoperative pulmonary complications (POPC) are common after cardiac surgeries such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and are influenced by factors including anesthesia and surgical trauma. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) with visual biofeedback may mitigate these complications. This study investigates the impact of threshold loading inspiratory muscle training (TL-IMT) combined with respiratory biofeedback on the dynamic strength of inspiratory muscles (S-index) in patients undergoing CABG surgery during their hospitalization phase.

Sertraline in depressed patients with or at risk for coronary heart disese: a systemic review.

Background And Aims: Depression is a prevalent comorbidity among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). While recent studies have hinted at a possible association between CHD and antidepressant medications like sertraline, the existing evidence remains inconclusive. To investigate this potential link, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review.

The effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on patients underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery; a systematic review.

Objectives: To our knowledge, there is no clear consensus on a definitive cardiac rehabilitation method for patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). We conducted this systematic review to compare and evaluate the effects of two of the most frequent cardiac rehabilitation modalities, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), on cardiopulmonary variables.

Methods: We carried out a systematic search of the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

The influence of SGLT-2 inhibitors on lipid profiles in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors can reduce cardiovascular events by modulating lipid profiles in patients with heart failure, irrespective of diabetes status. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on the lipid profiles of patients with heart failure via a meta-analysis.

Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to 2023 to retrieve relevant article titles, abstracts, and full texts.

Efficacy of 2-Mercaptoethane Sulfonate Sodium (MESNA) in the Prevention of Pancreatitis After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Randomized Open Label Trial.

Background And Aim: Oxidative stress has been considered a factor in the development of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP). The present clinical trial evaluated whether adding intravenous mesna to rectal indomethacin could prevent or alleviate PEP.

Methods: An open-labeled clinical trial was done on 698 participants undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

A Case Report of a Pregnancy Complicated by Sigmoid Volvulus in the Extreme Preterm Gestational Age.

Intestinal obstruction is a rare but life-threatening incidence in pregnancy. Diagnosis can be challenging for clinicians as the symptoms might be approached as other common obstetric complications. Performing radiological and abdominal surgery are also areas of great concern in this field; since radiologic studies inevitably expose the fetus to radiation and the treatment options mostly involve surgery that is worrisome during gestation.

Drug-Induced Cauda Equina Syndrome in an 8-Year-Old Boy With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Uncommon Case Report.

Intrathecal methotrexate can cause cauda equina syndrome in pediatric ALL patients, as demonstrated in this rare case of an 8-year-old boy. Symptoms included progressive limb weakness and urinary retention. Early recognition, prompt discontinuation of the offending agent, and multidisciplinary management are crucial.

Adalimumab-Induced Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Cases Presenting With Malar Rash and Panniculitis.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are commonly used for management of various autoimmune disorders but can rarely cause isolated cutaneous lupus. This report presents two cases of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) in women aged 38 and 61 after adalimumab treatment for psoriasis highlighting the importance of recognizing these paradoxical reactions for timely management.

Salt Contents in Fermented Dairy Products: A Strategic Blueprint for Healthier Intake.

This study aimed to estimate the quantity and trends of salt intake from industrial fermented dairy products, develop strategies to reduce salt content, and inform policymakers on promoting public health through healthier dairy options. A cross-sectional study was conducted on fermented dairy products. Seventy-nine random samples were selected, and the salt (NaCl %) content was determined by potentiometric titration after sample preparation and homogenization; also samples were analyzed for their moisture (oven drying method).

Neurological Soft Signs in Type I Bipolar Disorder and Bipolar Spectrum Patients and Their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to compare neurological soft signs (NSSs) in type 1 bipolar disorder (BD), bipolar spectrum (BS) patients, and their unaffected first-degree relatives.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved participants referred to the Psychiatric Department of Imam Hossein Hospital. Five groups ( = 25): patients with type 1 BD, patients with BS, unaffected first-degree relatives of the two groups, and a control group were evaluated using the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES).

Unlocking the Potential: How Flavonoids Affect Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Proliferation, Invasion, and Alter Receptor Interactions in Endometriosis.

Endometriosis, though not classified as a carcinogenic condition, shares features such as oxidative stress, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation with tumor cells. This study aims to review the effects of flavonoids on these processes and their molecular mechanisms in preventing and treating endometriosis. A comprehensive review was conducted, involving a literature search in online databases using keywords like "endometriosis," "endometrioma," and "flavonoid.

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Oral Cavity: A Rare Case in the Buccal Mucosa.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMP) are uncommon solitary tumors composed of neoplastic plasma cells occurring outside the bone. These lesions are of clinical significance due to their potential progression to multiple myeloma (MM), a more systemic and serious plasma cell malignancy. Although EMPs primarily arise in the head and neck region, cases involving the oral cavity are particularly rare.

Grade III of Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury and Duodenal Perforation due to Multiple Trauma; Which Is Priority? A Case Report.

Perforation of the duodenum after trauma has a low incidence and its coincidence with BTAI is very rare. The clinical condition of the patient is very important for deciding the treatment priority. In this patient, considering the stable condition and degree of aorta injury, we chose TEVAR before laparotomy.

Managing Large Perforated Internal Root Resorption With Partial Pulpectomy: A Case Report.

Internal root resorption (IRR) is a complex and often asymptomatic dental condition that can severely compromise tooth vitality and function. This case report presents the successful management of a perforated large IRR lesion in a 49-year-old female using an ultraconservative approach involving partial pulpectomy (PP) using calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement. The patient, initially presenting with an asymptomatic resorptive lesion in her left first premolar, underwent ultraconservative PP following diagnosis via conventional radiography and cone beam computed tomography.

Iatrogenic Botulism After Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin-A: A Case Series.

Botulism symptoms after cosmetic botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injections happen very rarely, and it needs careful attention since it can be life-threatening. Hence, it is advised to meticulously check the technique, dose, and authenticity of the BTX-A before injections to reduce the adverse effects.

Femoral anteversion as a potential risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injuries in athletes.

Purpose: Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are influenced by the anatomic and biomechanical characteristics of the lower limb. The combination of knee valgus, hip internal rotation and tibial external rotation are important contributors to non-contact ACL injuries. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of femoral anteversion on the incidence of ACL injuries among athletes.

Pulmonary Nodules After Leflunomide Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with both articular and extra-articular manifestations, including rare pulmonary complications. We report a case of a 65-year-old male with long-standing RA who developed multiple cavitary pulmonary nodules following prolonged leflunomide therapy. Diagnostic evaluation excluded infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune causes.

A Comparative Analysis of Butter, Ghee, and Margarine and Its Implications for Healthier Fat and Oil Group Choices: SWOT Analysis.

This study aims to comparatively analyze butter, ghee, and margarine fatty acid profiles and their implications for healthier fat and oil group choices. In this cross-sectional study, 60 samples from best-selling brands of butter, ghee, and margarine were randomly selected from five food chain stores in Tehran, Iran. Then, all the samples were coded, packed in cool conditions, and sent to the laboratory to determine the fatty acid profiles by using gas chromatography (GC).

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Evaluate the Effects of Chitosan on Obesity Indicators.

Chitosan, a commonly used dietary supplement, is believed to have the potential to decrease body weight by binding to dietary fats and decreasing their absorption. However, due to conflicting results from various studies, this review aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan supplementation on obesity indicators in adults. To find appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs), a thorough search was conducted across electronic databases like PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science.

Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Isolates From Colonic Biopsies of Iranian Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that ciprofloxacin and other quinolones can be effectively used as adjuncts to immunosuppressive therapy in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinical isolates of Enterobacterales frequently exhibit quinolone resistance. Additionally, increased IBD severity has been linked to the proliferation of Enterobacterales in the gut.

Exploring the dual role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in urological cancers: Implications for tumor progression and cell death interactions.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for maintaining calcium balance, lipid biosynthesis, and protein folding. Disruptions in ER homeostasis, often due to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins, lead to ER stress, which plays a significant role in various diseases, especially cancer. Urological cancers, which account for high male mortality worldwide, pose a persistent challenge due to their incurability and tendency to develop drug resistance.