Transcranial direct current stimulation in the management of pain in oncology patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in pain management in subjects with oncologic process.

Material And Methods: Several databases were searched in December 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials that evaluated the application of tDCS on pain in adults with oncologic process were selected.

Imported malaria in a non-endemic country: sixteen years of cases in a hospital in the South of Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: Malaria keeps on being a serious global health threat, especially in many tropical countries, where it is endemic. Also in non-endemic countries, like Spain, malaria is an issue that requires attention due to the presence of imported cases.

Methods: This is a retrospective study, including all patients diagnosed with malaria at Severo Ochoa University Hospital from 2006 to 2022, being classified according to: (I) their type of stay in an endemic area as visiting friends and relatives (VFR), migrants of recent arrival (MRA), or tourism and business (T&B), and (II) the mode of presentation as microscopic (MM) or submicroscopic (SMM) malaria.

Occupational Stress in Healthcare Professionals in Spain: A Multicenter Study.

Occupational stress significantly impacts healthcare professionals in the Spanish public hospital system. This study, conducted from April to June 2022, focuses on analyzing stress levels using the Nursing Stress Scale through an online survey. A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online survey from April to June 2022 in four hospitals.

Successful Use of Propofol After Failed Palliative Sedation in Patients With Refractory Symptoms.

Propofol is a general anesthetic used in multiple clinical scenarios. Despite growing evidence supporting its use in palliative care, propofol is rarely used in palliative sedation. Reluctance toward the adoption of propofol as a sedative agent is often associated with fear of adverse events such as respiratory arrest.

Clinical-Hematological Changes and Predictors of Severity in Acute Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome Reactions at Oral Food Challenge: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Oral food challenge (OFC) is the criterion standard for diagnosis of acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). No diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers are available, and OFC assessment criteria are not validated.

Objective: To assess clinical-hematological changes and predictors of severity of FPIES reactions at OFC.

Gut and respiratory tract microbiota in children younger than 12 months hospitalized for bronchiolitis compared with healthy children: can we predict the severity and medium-term respiratory outcome?

Unlabelled: Growing evidence indicates that gut and respiratory microbiota have a potential key effect on bronchiolitis, mainly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This was a prospective study of 96 infants comparing infants with bronchiolitis ( = 57, both RSV and non-RSV associated) to a control group ( = 39). Gut (feces) and respiratory [nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA)] microbial profiles were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and respiratory viruses were identified by PCR.

Relationship between nailfold videocapillaroscopic findings and cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a valuable tool in the differential diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP), present in certain Rheumatic diseases (RD). Knowing that many people have cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), the main objective was to demonstrate that CVRF and carotid plaques produce NVC alterations.

Methods: Cross-sectional unicentric study carried out from 2020 to 2023.

Diagnosis and approach of pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A and related disorders during long term follow-up: a case report.

Objectives: Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHP1A) encompasses the association of resistance to multiple hormones, features of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy and decreased Gsα activity. Little is known about the early signs of PHP1A, with a delay in diagnosis. We report two PHP1A cases and their clinical and biochemical findings during a 20-year follow-up.

Migraine - a borderland disease to epilepsy: near it but not of it.

Background: Migraine and epilepsy are two paroxysmal chronic neurological disorders affecting a high number of individuals and being responsible for a high individual and socioeconomic burden. The link between these disorders has been of interest for decades and innovations concerning diagnosing and treatment enable new insights into their relationship.

Findings: Although appearing to be distinct at first glance, both diseases exhibit a noteworthy comorbidity, shared pathophysiological pathways, and significant overlaps in characteristics like clinical manifestation or prophylactic treatment.

What Is the Opinion of the Health Care Personnel Regarding the Use of Different Assistive Tools to Improve the Quality of Neonatal Resuscitation?

Objective:  It is important to determine whether the use of different quality improvement tools in neonatal resuscitation is well-received by health care teams and improves coordination and perceived quality of the stabilization of the newborn at birth. This study aimed to explore the satisfaction of personnel involved in resuscitation for infants under 32 weeks of gestational age (<32 wGA) at birth with the use of an assistance toolkit: Random Real-time Safety Audits (RRSA) of neonatal stabilization stations, the use of pre-resuscitation checklists, and the implementation of briefings and debriefings.

Study Design:  A quasi-experimental, prospective, multicenter intervention study was conducted in five level III-A neonatal intensive care units in Madrid (Spain).

Antibiotic Utilization in Hospitalized Children with Bronchiolitis: A Prospective Study Investigating Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics at a Secondary Hospital in Madrid (2004-2022).

Bronchiolitis is a viral respiratory infection, with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being the most frequent agent, requiring hospitalization in 1% of affected children. However, there continues to be a noteworthy incidence of antibiotic prescription in this setting, further exacerbating the global issue of antibiotic resistance. This study, conducted at Severo Ochoa Hospital in Madrid, Spain, focused on antibiotic usage in children under 2 years of age who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis between 2004 and 2022.

Patterns of Sexualized Drug Use among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: Insights from a Comprehensive Study-The U-SEX-2 GESIDA 9416 Study.

Background: Sexualized drug use (SDU) has become a public health concern in recent years. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SDU in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men living with HIV (HIV + GBMSM) in Madrid during 2019/2020 and compare it with data from 2016/2017 in order to detect changes in patterns.

Methods: We analyzed the frequency of SDU in a sample of HIV + GBMSM attending HIV clinics, who participated in an anonymous online survey regarding sexual behavior and recreational drug use.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Digoxin in Nonagenarian Patients: Optimization of the Dosing Regimen.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of digoxin in patients over 90 years old and to propose an equation for adjusting digoxin dose in this population.

Methods: We included 326 nonagenarian patients admitted to Severo Ochoa University Hospital (Spain) who received digoxin and were under therapeutic drug monitoring. All data were retrospectively collected, and population modeling was performed with non-linear mixed-effect modeling software (NONMEM).

Association of the presence of a COVID-19 infection at the time of birth and the rates of exclusive breastfeeding upon discharge in BFHI hospitals: a multicenter, prospective cohort study.

Background: Very few studies have assessed the association between COVID-19 infection and the rates of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) upon discharge following the first waves of the pandemic and after initiation of vaccination. The primary objective of this study is to compare the rates of EBF since birth upon discharge in mothers diagnosed with COVID-19 infection at the time of the delivery versus a group of non-infected mothers in maternity hospitals with Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) accreditation. The secondary objectives include determining the rates of any breastfeeding at three and six months of life in both groups, as well as determining the possible factors associated with EBF rates observed upon discharge.

Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of oral vancomycin versus placebo in the prevention of recurrence of infection in patients under systemic antibiotic therapy: a phase III, randomised, double-blind clinical trial.

Introduction: infection (CDI) is the most prevalent cause of nosocomial bacterial diarrhoea and it is strongly associated with antibiotic use. The recurrence of CDI is a growing medical problem. Data from real-life studies and one open label randomised clinical trial (RCT) suggest that secondary prophylaxis with oral vancomycin (SPV) during subsequent courses of systemic antibiotics is a promising approach for reducing the risk of CDI recurrence.

, an emerging pathogen to watch for in humans?

In an 80-year-old man with long-term dysphagia, an upper endoscopy was performed and biopsy samples collected for microbiological and pathological tests, showing fungal structures. was isolated in microbiological cultures that were later confirmed with DNA sequencing. Susceptibility tests were performed, and antifungal treatment was initiated with a clinical, pathological, and microbiological response.

Schnitzler syndrome refractory to anakinra: successful treatment with canakinumab.

Schnitzler syndrome (SchS) is a rare autoimmune and inflammatory disease mediated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Recurrent monoclonal gammopathy and chronic urticarial rash are the symptoms required for diagnosis according to the Strasbourg criteria. The low prevalence of this syndrome (around 300 cases have been reported) and confusion with other inflammatory disorders may delay the diagnosis for up to 5 years.

Tongue necrosis secondary to giant cell arteritis.

Tongue necrosis is a rare clinical finding because of its rich vascularisation. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most frequent cause of it, and when present, it is usually one side affected. We describe a patient with several months of constitutional syndrome; during that period, she develops headache followed by tongue necrosis, which lead to clinical suspicion of GCA, later confirmed by a temporal artery biopsy.

Diagnosis and Management of Malnutrition in Patients with Heart Failure.

Heart failure is a disease with an increasingly greater prevalence due to the aging population, the development of new drugs, and the organization of healthcare processes. Malnutrition has been identified as a poor prognostic factor in these patients, very often linked to frailty or to other comorbidities, meaning that early diagnosis and treatment are essential. This paper reviews some important aspects of the pathophysiology, detection, and management of malnutrition in patients with heart failure.

Torque Teno Virus in Nasopharyngeal Aspirate of Children With Viral Respiratory Infections.

Background: Torque teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous anellovirus responsible for persistent infections and is considered a marker of immune function. The role of TTV as a facilitator of respiratory infections (RIs) is unknown.

Objectives: Our aim was to estimate, in a prospective study, the prevalence of TTV in the nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) of hospitalized children <5 years old, with RIs and correlate them with outcomes and immune response.