Complications in transgender patients undergoing vaginoplasty procedure.

Objective: To report the statistics of complications in gender reassignment surgery (vaginoplasty) observed in the first surgical center in Mexico for public transgender surgery.

Method: We conducted a descriptive, observational study of patients treated and postoperatively underwent vaginoplasty surgery in the period 2019 to 2022. Intraoperative, immediate and late complications were evaluated.

Risk of cancer and reoperation after ileorectal anastomosis and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Objectives: To prevent colorectal cancer (CRC), most patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) undergo (procto)colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). After surgery, these patients remain at risk of developing cancer in the remnant rectum or rectal cuff/pouch. We aimed to compare the long-term risk of cancer following IRA or IPAA in FAP.

Biomarkers.

Background: By 2025, an estimated three-quarters of the global population aged 60 and older will live in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC), leading to a rise in age-related conditions. The main goal of the Panama Aging Research Initiative - Health Disparities (PARI-HD) research program is to create a platform for multidisciplinary clinical studies that focus on mental health and its diseases such as age-related cognitive decline. This platform would generate a large amount of clinical, neuropsychological, lifestyle, genetic and biomarker data following standardized research protocols.

Biomarkers.

Background: Dementia impacts the way individuals perceive and describe everyday events. Alzheimer's disease (AD) notably affects processing of entities manifested by nouns, while behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) often presents a detached, third-person perspective. Yet, the potential of natural language processing tools (NLP) to detect these variations in spontaneous speech remains explored.

Biomarkers.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), including depression and circadian rhythm disruptions, are early non-cognitive markers along the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) continuum. These pathological states are thought to resemble AD pathogenesis, both of which are characterized by a marked decline in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Method: 96 elderly participants divided into three groups based on the global depression scale, neuropsychiatric inventory, clinical dementia rating, and mini-mental status examination.

Biomarkers.

Background: We are conducting a biomarker-based study to describe the demographic and biomarker profiles of Panamanians. The objective of this report is to present the main findings on CSF, genetic and serological biomarkers' distribution and their association with cognition in a cohort of elderly people in Panama.

Method: Informed consent was applied to all participants, demographic data, medical history, and neuropsychological and functional status were collected, and non-fasting blood samples were obtained.

Biomarkers.

Background: Co-morbid Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is a major risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI) in PD, but whether and how AD co-pathology affects the clinical phenotype of PD-CI is incompletely understood. Recently validated plasma biomarkers for AD pathology, such as ptau217, hold great promise to revolutionize the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we used plasma ptau217 to detect AD co-pathology in a well-characterized cohort of PD patients with CI and examine its associations with APOE4 genotype, cognitive profile, and cerebral hypometabolism on FDG-PET.

Public Health.

Background: Assessing knowledge of dementia prevention from both the individual (patients) and the structural level (health professionals) in the same settings is vital to implementing dementia risk reduction programs. However, most studies have only focused on one level. Thus, this was the aim of our study.

Developing Topics.

Background: Understanding the association of different fitness components with brain structure, and further, how possible fitness-related brain associations relate to executive function is important for developing public health strategies to improve the health and wellbeing of elderly adults worldwide. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength measures with gray matter volume (GMV), and to study whether fitness-related regions of GMV are associated to executive function (EF) in cognitively normal older adults.

Methods: Ninety-one cognitively normal older adults (71.

Differences in association between hypoalbuminaemia and mortality among younger versus older patients on haemodialysis.

Background: Ageing often affects biomarker production. Yet, clinical/optimal thresholds to guide clinical decisions do not consider this. Serum albumin decreases with age, but hypoalbuminaemia is defined as serum albumin <4.

Statistical methods to adjust for the effects on intervention compliance in randomized clinical trials where precision treatment rules are being developed.

Background: Heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTEs) can occur because of either differential treatment compliance or differential treatment effectiveness. This distinction is important, as it has action implications, but it is unclear how to distinguish these two possibilities statistically in precision treatment analysis given that compliance is not observed until after randomization. We review available statistical methods and illustrate a recommended method in secondary analysis in a trial focused on HTE.

Impact of obesity on iron metabolism and the effect of intravenous iron supplementation in obese patients with absolute iron deficiency.

Obesity and iron deficiency (ID) are widespread health issues, with subclinical inflammation in obesity potentially contributing to ID through unclear mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to elucidate how obesity-associated inflammation disturb iron metabolism and to investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) iron supplementation on absolute iron deficient pre-obese (BMI 25.0-29.

Influenza vaccine outcomes: a meta-analysis revealing morbidity benefits amid low infection prevention.

Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with influenza viruses are a significant public health challenge. Annual vaccination against circulating influenza strains reduces hospitalisations and increases survival rates but requires a yearly redesign of vaccines against prevalent subtypes. The complex genetics of influenza viruses with high antigenic drift create an ongoing challenge in vaccine development to address dynamic influenza epidemiology.

Clinical Benefit of a Conservative Treatment for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Lesions in Patients with HIV.

Infection with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shows a higher risk of infection by Human papillomavirus (HPV). We aim to provide evidence about the effect of a -based vaginal gel (Papilocare®) for treating HPV in women with HIV. Women ≥25 years coinfected by endocervical HPV and with low-grade abnormal cervicovaginal cytology were treated for 6 months with Papilocare® in this observational, prospective, non-controlled pilot study.

Landscape of Multilocus Inherited Neoplasia Allele Syndrome in Mexican Population.

Purpose: Hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) explain 5%-10% of all cancer cases. Patients with more than one germline pathogenic variant (GPV) result in a clinical syndrome known as multilocus inherited neoplasia allele syndrome (MINAS). In recent years, an increasing number of MINAS cases have been reported.

Infant mental health integration into OB care leads to increased connection to services during the perinatal period.

We compared referrals and connection to care between perinatal patients: 90 receiving OB/GYN care in clinics with integrated behavioral health consultants with infant mental health specialization (IMH-BHC), and 68 receiving traditional care, in the United States. Participants identified as: Native American/Alaskan native, 1.90%; Asian, .

MicroRNA-199a-5p may be a diagnostic biomarker of primary ITP.

There is no diagnostic test for primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Certain microRNAs have shown to have diagnostic potential in ITP. We validated 12 microRNAs identified from two previous studies to find a diagnostic biomarker.

Challenges for implementing culturally competent obstetric services in an Indigenous context in Mexico.

Obstetric healthcare for Indigenous women remains a severe problem in low-income countries with great cultural diversity and a colonial past. The work of health professionals to prevent complications leading to maternal deaths is paramount, yet in these contexts, they face significant challenges in implementing culturally competent services. This paper aims to present findings from an ethnographic study that attempted to document the experience of health professionals providing obstetric services in order to show the complex sociocultural contexts in which they perform their work.

Association between demographic, clinical characteristics and severe complications by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a community-based healthcare network in Chile.

Background: Most of the evidence on risk factors for COVID-19 complications comes from North America or Europe with very little research from Latin-America. We aimed to evaluate the association between sociodemographic, clinical factors and the risk of COVID-19 complications among adults in Chile, the fifth Latin-American country with more COVID-19 reported cases since de beginning of the Pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study using data from electronic health records from a large Primary Care Network, linked to national hospital, immunization, Covid-19 PCR surveillance, mortality and birth records.

Effects of early, late and self-selected time-restricted eating on visceral adipose tissue and cardiometabolic health in participants with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial.

The optimal eating window for time-restricted eating (TRE) remains unclear, particularly its impact on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), which is associated with cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. We investigated the effects of three TRE schedules (8 h windows in the early day, late day and participant-chosen times) combined with usual care (UC, based on education about the Mediterranean diet) versus UC alone over 12 weeks in adults with overweight or obesity. The primary outcome was VAT changes measured by magnetic resonance imaging.

Primary care utilisation in different patients' profiles with cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: This study aimed to identify profiles of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, based on their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and to analyse how their complexity is related to their frequency of visits in Primary Care.

Methods: Observational longitudinal study conducted in the Spanish CArdiovascular Risk factors for HEalth Services research (CARhES) cohort. Individuals older than 15 with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or dyslipidaemia in 2017 were selected and followed until 2021.