[Eradication of poliomyelitis in Spain: What has happened in the last decade?].

On the 60 anniversary of the initiation of the polio vaccination campaign in Spain, the significant milestone in achieving disease control is highlighted. There has been a shift from an incidence of over 2,000 yearly cases in the 1960s to a sustained absence of wild poliovirus (WPV) since 1988. Despite the observed negative impact on polio vaccination coverage at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, these rates gradually recovered, reaching 98.

[Descriptive study about non-formal sex education resources available in Spain.].

Objective: Sex education (SE) is a fundamental element of a fulfilling and safe life. Currently, education is understood beyond what happens inside the classroom. The aim of this research was to describe and to compare sex education resources available in official webs of Autonomous Communities of Spain (ACS) that to could be used in non-formal educational context.

[Effectiveness of treatment with Pygeum africanum in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a cross-sectional study in the real-world clinical practice in Spain (The PROFIT Study)].

Objectives: To assess the effectivenessand tolerability of treatment with P africanum(P. africanum) in patients with lower urinary tractsymptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatichyperplasia (BPH) in routine clinical practice.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional observationalstudy in which 115 patients with LUTS/BPHtreated for 6 months with P.

[Descriptive analysis of hospital activity indicators published by the Autonomous Regional Governments in the Spanish National Health System.].

Objective: The supply of health activity data by health regional governments does not have a current study of the issue. The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the indicators of hospital activity related to public health organizations (health departments in the Spanish National Health System) showing the most notable experiences in this regard.

Methods: Observational study.

[Penile Cancer: A case for non-lymph node disease following a negative sentinel node exploration.].

Objective: To describe the case of a patient with subcutaneous inguinal recurrence of penile cancer without lymph node involvement.

Methods: Description of a clinical case and review of the literature on the subject.

Results: We present the case of a 72-year-old man with penile cancer and extranodal inguinal extension that affected subcutaneous cell tissue, with a history of negative sentinel lymph node and subsequently without invasion of the regional lymph nodes in lymphadenectomy after chemotherapy.

Hypercalcemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism resistant to medical treatment.

Los pacientes con crisis hipecalcémica suelen estabilizarse con tratamiento médico y rara vez precisan tratamiento quirúrgico urgente. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con clínica inespecífica de dolor abdominal, diagnosticada tardíamente de crisis hipercalcémica por hiperparatiroidismo primario. El tratamiento médico y la diálisis peritoneal no fueron efectivos, por lo que precisó paratiroidectomía urgente con determinación intraoperatoria de hormona paratiroidea.

[SARS-CoV-2 infection: implications for sexual and reproductive health. A position statement of the Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva (ASESA)].

Objective: The main objective of this revision is to summarize the current existing evidence of the potential adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the male reproductive system and provide the recommendations of the Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva (ASESA) concerning the implications of COVID-19 infection in the management of male infertilty patients and testicular endocrine dysfunction.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search of the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, Cochrane and MedRxiv, was carried out.

Results: The presence of orchitis as a potential complication of the infection by SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been confirmed.

[Urinary tract hemangiopericytoma treated with radical surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Report of two cases.].

Objective: Hemangiopericytoma is a tumor of vascular origin. It is very rare in the prostate. They are generally aggressive tumors.

The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the management of iatrogenic bile duct injury after cholecystectomy.

Introduction: iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI) is a complication with a high morbidity after cholecystectomy. In recent years, endoscopy has acquired a fundamental role in the management of this pathology.

Methods: a retrospective study of IBDI after open cholecystectomy (OC) or laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) of patients treated in our center between 1993 and 2017 was performed.

[Report of two cases of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis.].

Objective: Paratesticular mesothelioma isan infrequent tumor and only 250 cases have been published.It originates in the scrotal tunica vaginalis. It represents0.

[Quantification of changes in the external morphology of the back by means of surface topography based on structured light in idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents after a year of treatment with orthopedic corse].

Background: To quantify the morphological changes in the surface of the back of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis as a result of treatment with braces and to correlate them with radiographic changes.

Material And Methods: An analytical, cohort, prospective study on a sample of 31 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. We divided them into two groups: eleven treated with braces and twenty without them.

[Gastrointestinal bleeding and acute hepatic failure by leptospirosis: an entity that should not be forgotten].

Leptospirosis disease is caused by the spirochete Leptospira. It is a worldwide distribution zoonosis, with predominance in the tropics. In Spain, it is not frequent but some cases have been noticed especially in humid areas surrounded by rivers, lakes or ponds, such as Catalonia, Andalucia or the Valencian Community.

[Duodenal adenocarcinoma: a rare diagnosis].

Duodenal adenocarcinoma is a rare disease whose symptoms are usually vomit, weight loss and lack of appetite; appearing more frequently in men in their sixties. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the technique chosen for its diagnosis, also relying on other techniques such as endoscopic ultrasonography or computed tomography for the extension study. In this regard we report the case of a patient diagnosed of bulbar duodenal adenocarcinoma in our hospital.

[Dome shaped osteotomy combined with transposition of the ulnar nerve as a treatment for post-traumatic ulnar valgus in a pediatric patient].

A sequel of supracondylar fractures of distal humerus in children is the angular deformity. It is usually more frequent cubitus varus, but there are reported cases of cubitus valgus. The latter may be the cause of the occurrence of a late ulnar nerve neuropathy, which will require treatment.

[Paratesticular sarcoma: An infrequent genitourinary tumor].

Objective: To expose the features related to the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of paratesticular sarcomas, through the presentation of three cases with different histologies.

Methods: Description of the clinical cases, surgical management, and pathological results of the surgical specimens.

Results: We present three cases of paratesticular sarcomas, one case being a rhabdomyosarcoma and two liposarcomas.

[Microbiological diagnosis of urinary tract infections].

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common infectious diseases observed in primary care; up to one-third of women will have at least one symptomatic UTI by age 24, and more than one-half of women will be affected by the end of life. In addition, UTIs represent 40% of nosocomial infections, and being usually associated with urinary catheters. Although urine cultures would not be indicated in all cases, these samples are the most abundant in the laboratories of clinical microbiology.

Urinary Klotho measured by ELISA as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in patients after cardiac surgery or coronary angiography.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after cardiac surgery and percutaneous coronary interventions which markedly worsens prognosis. In recent years, new early biomarkers of AKI have been identified, but many important aspects still remain to be solved. Klotho is a pleiotropic protein that acts as a paracrine and endocrine factor in multiple organs.

[Collagenous sprue: secondary or independent from celiac disease?].

Collagenous sprue is a rare disease that goes with persistent diarrhea, weight loss and bad absortion, because it affects the small intestine, mainly duodenum and proximal jejunum. Diagnosis is made by having clinical signs and histological proof of atrophy and subepitelial deposit of collagenous material. Its etiology is not known completely, it is proposed that the origin is autoimmune because its relationship with celiac disease.

[Descriptive study of alcohol detoxifications in an Internal Medicine Service].

Alcohol dependence is a chronic disease whose treatment begins with detoxification, followed by rehabilitation. We present a descriptive and retrospective study of 147 patients admitted to our unit during the period 2003-2005. Median age was 46.

Hyperglycemia secondary to consumption of cocaine and atypical antipsychotic drugs.

Drugs such as cocaine and atypical antipsychotic agents, such as olanzapine, are sometimes related to hyperglycemia. Whereas cocaine raises plasma glucose through catecholamine release, atypical antipsychotic agents mainly increase appetite and induce weight gain and the development of metabolic syndrome. Moreover, the latter group of drugs also act independently from weight gain or adiposity, due to inhibition of beta pancreatic cells and reduction of peripheral insulin action.

[Clinical experience with etanercept in the treatment of psoriasis].

Background: Etanercept is one of the new biologic agents available for treating psoriasis. It has proved an effective option in a high percentage of patients, leading to sustained improvements in the psoriasis area severity index (PASI). Likewise, it is effective at controlling psoriatic arthritis, and its safety profile is excellent, with a much lower specific organ toxicity than traditional drugs and few side effects.

[Superficial migratory thrombophlebitis: a clinical and histologic review of 8 cases].

Introduction: Superficial migratory thrombophlebitis (SMT) or thrombophlebitis migrans is characterized by recurrent episodes of localized thrombosis of the superficial veins in the limbs and trunk. It has been associated with various systemic diseases that should be taken into consideration when assessing the patient.

Material And Methods: Between 1997 and 2007, 8 patients with SMT were seen at Hospital General Universitario de Valencia in Valencia, Spain.